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Tanaka, Kimio
- Differential Expression of PML in 60Co γ-ray and γ-IFN- Induced Apoptosis in B-lymphocytes
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong Medical College, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, CN
2 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 139-3212, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, Kurakake, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong Medical College, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, CN
2 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 139-3212, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, Kurakake, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 1, No 3 (2008), Pagination: 1-13Abstract
The function of PML in apoptosis was elucidated in human B lymphocyte- derived cell line. For this purpose, the number of the PML focus and the percentage of apoptotic cells were determined periodically with immunofluorescent staining after 60Co γ-ray or γ-interferons (γ-IFN) treatment. On irradiation with 60Co γ-ray or treatment with γ-IFN, PML protein was over-expressed. This was measured from PML foci, which peaked at 72 hr and 24 hr, respectively. The B-cell line also contained a greater proportion of apoptotic cells after the treatments. The strongest induction of apoptosis both by 60Co- γray irradiation and by γ-IFN treatment was observed 24 hr later than the induction of PML expression. In addition, γ- rays-induced apoptosis and PML expression were mediated through caspase-8 but not through caspase-3. However, caspase-8 was involved in γ-IFN-induced PML expression and apoptosis. While caspase-3 is involved solely in PML expression, and partially in apoptosis. These results suggest that 60Co- γ ray irradiation or γ-IFN treatment can induce PML protein expression and apoptosis in the B-cell line as caspase-3 dependently or independently.Keywords
PML Protein, Apoptosis, 60Co-γ Ray, γ-IFN, Caspase ActivationReferences
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- Increased Expression of PML Protein in Lymphocytes Induced by Serum from Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia
Abstract Views :313 |
PDF Views:81
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Developmental Biology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Minamu-ku, Hiroshima, JP
2 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho , Aomori, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima, JP
1 Department of Developmental Biology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Minamu-ku, Hiroshima, JP
2 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho , Aomori, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 1, No 4 (2008), Pagination: 1-9Abstract
PML is essential for multiple apoptotic pathways and has an altered expression in human oncogenesis. However, the role of PML in regulating cell growth and apoptosis in aplastic anemia (AA) is still unclear. To investigate the involvement of PML in the pathogenesis of AA, the expression of PML protein and apoptosis in lymphocytes was measured with immunofluorescent staining after 24 hours incubation with serum of healthy individuals (controls, n=10) and patients with severe AA (SAA, n=10). After incubation with serum from SAA patients, PML protein was overexpressed both in peripheral lymphocytes from a normal donor and in a B cell line established from cells of the same individual. The normal lymphocytes contained a greater proportion of apoptotic cells after incubation with serum from SAA patients than serum from controls, which correlated to the serum-induced expression of PML. In addition, the induction of PML expression and apoptosis in lymphocytes by the serum was partly blocked by caspase 8 inhibitor, whereas no significant difference was found before and after caspase 3 inhibitor was added. These results indicate that some components contain of the serum of SAA patients, which was confirmed to γ-IFN by us, acts on lymphocytes not only to upregulate PML protein, but also to selectively activate caspase 8, causing apoptosis. This disregulation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphocytopenia in aplastic anemia.Keywords
Aplastic Anemia, PML Protein, Apoptosis, Caspase 3, Caspase 8References
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- Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) and Dose Rate Dependent Ratio of Translocation to Dicentric Chromosome Yield in 252Cf Neutrons
Abstract Views :395 |
PDF Views:93
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 1-11Abstract
The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 252Cf neutrons at different dose rates (2, 0.2&0.02 cGy/min) was assessed in human lymphocyte and bone marrow cells using cytogenetic end points (by Giemsa staining). The RBE values for 1 Gy of 252Cf neutrons for chromosomal aberration yield in lymphocyte at the dose rates of 2 and 0.02 cGy/min were 3.3 and 12.0, respectively, in comparison to that of 60Co γ - or 137Cs γ -rays. RBE values of Cf(n) in human bone marrow were determined for the first time in the present study, and were 6.5 for chromatid-type and 4.4 for chromosome-type aberrations at the dose rate of 2 cGy/min. These values were higher than those of lymphocytes obtained in the present study. As studied by FISH method, the exposure of 252Cf neutrons and 60Co γ - and 137Cs γ -rays at different dose rates also revealed the fact that the ratio of the dicentric chromosome yield to the translocation yield was influenced by LET and dose rates. No dose rate effect was found for the induction of dicentric chromosome aberrations. But an increase in the incidence of translocation was observed in the 252Cf neutrons exposure at a dose rate of 0.02 cGy/min. These results suggest that the formation of dicentrics and translocations differed with source of radiation and dose rate.Keywords
252Cf Neutrons, Dose Rate Effect, Fish, Translocations, Low Dose Rate, Biodosimetry, Bone Marrow, Chromosome Aberrations.References
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- The Usefulness of Two-colour Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Technique Using Chromosomal Subset at Metaphase and Interphase Stage in Radiation Biodosimetry
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121,Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi-1-2-3, Minami-ku Hiroshima, JP
3 Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Foundation, Kurakake, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, IN
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121,Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi-1-2-3, Minami-ku Hiroshima, JP
3 Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Foundation, Kurakake, Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 1-11Abstract
Peripheral bloods from healthy donors were irradiated by 60Co γ-rays and californium (252Cf) -neutron for 0.5 to 4 Gy and the frequencies of the translocations were detected by two colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 and chromosomes 6, 7 and 9 were labeled by rodamine-dUTP and fluorescein-dUTP as viewing red or green signal on metaphase chromosomes, respectively. In separate observation, translocation was detected on the interphase cells by the two color FISH method using whole chromosome painting probes of chromosomes 4 and 9. Detected translocations on the metaphase and interphase cells showed clear dose response relationships. Translocations induced by 60Co γ -rays, 252Cf neutrons, and those in atomic bomb survivors were able to detect easily by both interphase FISH and metaphase FISH using two colour of chromosome subsets. These results suggest that scoring of translocations by two colour FISH of chromosome subsets can serve as more sensitive and applicable biological dosimeter for short or long-term radiation effects.Keywords
Interphase FISH, Biodosimetry, Atomic Bomb, Neutron, γ RaysReferences
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- Distribution of Breakpoints on Chromatid-type Aberration Induced by Three Different Radiations, in Relation to Fragile Sites
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Authors
Kimio Tanaka
1,
Nanao Kamada
2
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Radiobiol., Inst. for Environ. Sci., Hachazawa 2-122, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Dept. of Radiobiol., Inst. for Environ. Sci., Hachazawa 2-122, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 9 (2009), Pagination: 1-9Abstract
Based on experimental evidence using human blood samples we able to suggest that 'common fragile sites' can be targets for different radiation sources. For that we used peripheral blood samples from three healthy adult donors and exposed them to 60Co γ-rays (2, 4 Gy) or neutrons (0.8, 2 Gy) at the G2 stage. In another set, normal bone marrow cells from 19 adult donors were also exposed to 60Co γ-rays, tritiated water β-rays, and 252Cf neutrons and sampled 24 hr later. Chromatid breakpoint sites were identified using Wright's stain G-banding. Analyses of 912 breakpoint sites detected in lymphocytes and 545 breakpoint sites detected in bone marrow cells were within the same bands as 113 reported: (1) 41% - 52% of chromatid breakage sites had a chromosome band of "relative fragile sites" in both bone marrow cells and lymphocytes; (2) the breakage sites induced by different radiation sources were distributed in a similar pattern; (3) significantly higher numbers of breakpoint sites were found at 4q31, 2q35, 3p21, 5q31, 1q32, 2q31, 15q24 and 13q22 in lymphocytes, and at 3p21, 14q24, 17p13, 1q42, 7q22 and 9p11/q11 in bone marrow cells; (4) distribution of breakage sites was similar between lymphocytes and bone marrow cells except for certain breakpoints. Present study also revealed that a B-cell line established from lymphocytes with a history of 60Co γ-ray irradiation had more chromosome breakpoints at telomere regions than no-irradiated cell line, which indicating telomere protein might be associated with radiation-induced chromosome instability. This study provides information that will be useful for increasing our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie radiationinduced chromosome aberrations and will aid in assessing genetic and cancer risks in radiation-exposed human populations.Keywords
γ-rays, Tritiated Water, β-rays, Neutrons, Fragile Sites, Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome InstabilityReferences
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- Detection of Minimal Malignant Clone in Lymphocytes and Bone Marrow Cells by Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetic Studies in Healthy Atomic Bomb Survivors
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, IN
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, IN
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 12 (2009), Pagination: 1-19Abstract
In order to assess the minimal malignant clone (MMC) for the development of leukemia, we studied the bone marrow and lymphocytes of total 44 healthy atomic - bomb survivors by cytogenetic technique. In the cytogenetic study, we compared the frequencies of chromosome aberration and quality of chromosome aberrations detected in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphocytes from 13 and 39 samples from 44 healthy atomic bomb survivors, respectively, relevant to the nonrandom aberrations prevalent in the human leukemic and malignant lymphoma cells. The frequencies of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells were slightly lower than those in lymphocytes and a few percent of clone were found in both bone marrow and lymphocytes. Although the completely same type chromosome aberrations as those found in leukemia and lymphomas were not observed, out of 3,846 cells with chromosome aberrations found in 52 samples for 44 survivors, 35 percent were related to the sites of oncogenes involving in the leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis such as 8q24, 9q34 and 22q11. In addition, molecular genetic studies using PCR techniques for RAS point mutations in 3 survivors, specific chromosome translocations such as t(14;18), and t(7;14) in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphocytes of 3 healthy survivors revealed that any MMC was detected. On the other hand, by in vivo selection assay could detect transforming genes of N-and K-RAS in bone marrow samples from all 4 survivors. Three of the 4 survivors had development cancer or leukemia 7-10 years after present examination. Even though, we couldn't detect any MMC by chromosome analysis, the finding that 20 fragile sites were correlated with higher number of breakpoint of 52 atomic bomb survivors might also significantly an important role MMC in the initiation of radiation-related leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis process, as seen presently, there is still an increase in the developmentKeywords
Atomic Bomb Survivors, Chromosome Aberrations, Bone Marrow, Lymphocytes, Minimal Clone, PCR, RAS GeneReferences
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- Small Percent of Additional Abnormal Clones to Ph Chromosome in the Early Chronic Phase Detected by Large Number of Karyotype Analysis and Transformation to Blastic Crisis in Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa-2-121, Rokkasho, Takahoko, Kamikita, Aomori-039-3213, JP
2 Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda Machi-1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-730-8619, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation-50-1,3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Dept. of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa-2-121, Rokkasho, Takahoko, Kamikita, Aomori-039-3213, JP
2 Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda Machi-1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-730-8619, JP
3 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation-50-1,3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 257-266Abstract
Extensive study on Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML) was performed sequentially from the time of early chronic phase to the blastic crisis (BC) phase. A large number of 80-385 metaphases were karyotyped at the time of diagnosis in 16 patients and 13 in BC phase. Three patients were BC phase at diagnosis. All the patients had small percent of clones with additional chromosome aberration in 1.3-12.4% of the observed cells in the early stages of chronic phase. The additional abnormal clones which had existed at the time of diagnosis of early chronic phase remarkably increased in the BC phase of only 5 of 10 patients examined, because 3 of the 13 patients had no additional chromosome aberrations in BC phase. New abnormal clones which were not detected at the time of diagnosis emerged into the BC phase of 5 of the 10 patients. These additional clones were not always associated with the development of the BC. In all 3 patients diagnosed at 10.6 months before developing BC, small sized clone found in early chronic phase related to main clone in BC. Then, detection of additional clones in chronic phase for early detection of BC clone can be useful at only 10.6 months before BC. However, weak correlation between frequency of additional aberrations with Ph chromosome and duration of chronic phase was found. These findings also suggested that leukemic cells harboring Ph chromosome are high chromosome instability, in which are intrinsically labile for the acquisition of various additional chromosome aberrations at any stage, which might be related with resistance to chemotherapy, and therapies of interferon α and imatinib.Keywords
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia, Ph Chromosome, Clonal Evolution, Large Amount Karyotype AnalysisReferences
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- Transmissible Genes Induced Chromosome-type Aberrations in the Lymphocytes of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 and Type 2A (MEN1 and MEN2A) Patients
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1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences , Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University,Kasumi-1-1-1, Minami-ku, Hiroshima734-8553, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences , Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University,Kasumi-1-1-1, Minami-ku, Hiroshima734-8553, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 9 (2010), Pagination: 982-989Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1& MEN2) are autosomal dominant disorders presenting tumors in two or more organs such as parathyroid tumors and anterior pituitary glands so on. Lymphocyte chromosomes from a MEN1patient with an anterior pituitary tumor including her sisters and children and 5 MEN2A patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma were studied for the genetic instability. Chromosome type aberrations such as dicentrics, rings, minutes, translocations and deletions were found in 20% of the observed cells of the MEN1patient. Three of the 5 patients showed a slight increase in this type of aberrations in 6.4, 4.3 and 1.1% of observed cells. Contrarily, frequencies of spontaneous chromatid type aberration in both MEN1and MEN2A patients were not significantly higher than of controls. There were no increase in the MTX-induced chromatid breaks and no unique fragile sites were observed in all MEN2A patients. High incidence of chromosome instability (only chromosome type aberrations) in the lymphocytes of MEN1 and MEN2A patients presents an interesting observation to understand the genetic pathology prone to the hereditary type tumor development of acquisition of more advance stage tumors and the mechanisms for how transmissible genes induce chromosome type aberrations alone.Keywords
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Chromosome Instability, Medullary Thyroid CancerReferences
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- Cytogenetic Studies of Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Radiobiology, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-1-1, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, JP
1 Dept. of Radiobiology, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-1-1, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 468-476Abstract
Esophagus and gastric cancer are one of the most common in Asian countries, but molecular event in the carcinogenesis remains as largely unidentified associated oncogenes. Detailed karyotypic analyses were performed on 4 cell lines derived from malignant cells of a patient with esophagus carcinoma of both diagnosis and metastasis stages and 2 cell lines from 2 independent patients with gastric cancer of metastasis stages. Most of these cells examined were near triploid with modal chromosome number of 59-73. These cells had a complex karyotype with more than 10 rearrangements. The karyotypic pattern was relatively stable; consistent alterations involved long arm of chromosomes 2, 9 and 12 and short arm of chromosomes 3 in both diagnosis and metastasis stages in esophagus cell lines. Those alterations of gastric cancer involved chromosomes 7 and 11. Higher rearrangements associated with translocations and deletions were observed at 2q23 of chromosome2, 3p14 of chromosome 3, 4q11 of chromosome 4 and 11q25 of chromosome 11 in esophagus cancer; while 7p13 of chromosome 7 and 11p15 of chromosome 11 in gastric cancer. The overall chromosome pattern was not similar between these cancers, although these tumors arise from anatomically or biologically related site. Unknown oncogenes localizing on these chromosome breakpoints for translocation or deletion region might be associated with the pathogenesis of esophagus or gastric cancer. These newly established cell lines will be useful tools in the study of the molecular pathogenesis and for testing new therapeutic reagents for these cancers in the future.Keywords
Esophagus Cancer, Gastric Adenocarcinoma, Karyotypic Analyses, Metastasis, Human Cell LineReferences
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- Geographical Difference of Chromosome Aberrations between Japanese and American Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of 4th Internal Medicine, Center for Adult Diseases, Nakamichi 1-3-2, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 734-8552., JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of 4th Internal Medicine, Center for Adult Diseases, Nakamichi 1-3-2, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 734-8552., JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 1993-2000Abstract
Lung-cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Cytogenetic analysis have been performed last two decades, but comparative analysis of karyotypes of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) from between Japan and America has not been precisely studied. Six Japanese and one American SCLC cell lines examined were hyperdiploid to neartetraploid with modal number of 52-91. These cells had a complex karyotype with more than 10 rearrangements. The karyotypic patterns were relatively consistent alterations involved long arm of chromosomes 1, 3, 7 and 11, and short arm of chromosomes 1 and 3. Higher rearrangements specially associated with translocations and deletions were observed in short and long arms of chromosomes 3 (3p21&3q25), and recurrently long arms of chromosome 7 (7q36 and 7q23). Although the chromosome of SCLC is too complex and G-banding analysis could not resolve all of many of the karyotypic abnormalities seen, several potentially site -specific abnormalities such as deletions of chromosome 3p, 7q and 3q, and amplifications of 3p, 7q, 1q, 11p, 2p and 12p in 6 SCLC cell lines established from chemotherapy resistant patients tumor cells. Losses of short arm chromosome 11 and 12 (11p, 12p) and long arm of chromosome 13 (13q), and amplifications of chromosomes 2, 11, 12, 13 and 19 (2p, 11p, 12p, 13q, 19p) were recurrently identified in the several cell lines, being different from published chromosomal abnormalities in American SCLC, which suggests geographical difference of SCLC karyotype. Also, these abnormal patters were largely different from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Unknown oncogenes localizing on these chromosome breakpoints for translocation or deletion region might be associated with the pathogenesis of SCLC. Present analysis can provide information on significant genes involved pathogenesis of SCLC.Keywords
Chromosome Aberration, Lung CancerReferences
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- Complex 8;21 Chromosome Translocations formed by Two Step Mechanism and Simple 8;21chromosome Translocation without AML1 Gene Involvement in Acute Myelocytic Leukemia
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039- 3213, JP
2 Radiation Hazards Research Group, National Institute for Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 263-8555, JP
3 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda-machi, 1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
4 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039- 3213, JP
2 Radiation Hazards Research Group, National Institute for Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 263-8555, JP
3 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda-machi, 1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
4 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 2240-2252Abstract
As a result of reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 8 and 21, acute myelocyticleukemia (AML) cells contains chimeric gene of AML1 and MTG8/ETO and express fusion proteins. The AML1-MTG8/ETO chimeric gene is considered to have an important role in the pathogenesis of AML FABM2. Among AML M2 patients, about 3 -5% of the patients show complex translocation including chromosome 8;21 and third chromosome. We analyzed metaphases from seven AML M2 patients with complex 8;21 translocation by two color FISH using WCP probes, AML1 probe and several cosmid probes locating near AML1 and MTG 8/ETO locus. All of the 7 patients could show two step translocation (chromosome8-chromosome 21-third chromosome). Seven patients including two insertion 8;21 cases represented two step translocation for formation either between chromosome [der(8); 8q-] and third chromosome or between [der(8); 8q-]and [der(21); 21q+ ] chromosomes . These results suggest that there is at least two step mechanism for the formation of complex 8;21 translocation, following formation of standard 8;21 translocation and AML1-MTG8/ETOchimeric gene. Interestingly, 3 patients diagnosed as AML FABM4, AML M2 transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (MDS-AMLM2) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who had t(8;21) translocation had breakpoints proximal of AML1 gene. Other 13hematological disease such as AML or acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients who had chromosome abnormalities at band 21q22 of chromosome 21, including t(16;21)in 3 patients, had breakpoint at telomeric region of AML1. These results indicate that 21q22 chromosomal region has higher chromosome instability and is genetically extremely unstable.Keywords
Complex Chromosome Translocation, Acute Myelocytic Leukemia, Chromosome Instability, AML1, FISHReferences
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- Identification of Nine Chromosomal Segments with Jumping Translocation in 564 Human Leukemia and Lymphomas
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
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Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 2473-2486Abstract
In order to identify the chromosome regions with segmental jumping translocation (SJT) that will be associated with gene amplification, 564 leukemia, malignant lymphoma and other hematological disease patients with highly complex karyotype were studied by both inter-phase and metaphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Specific chromosome regions translocated onto structurally abnormal chromosomes, resulting in partial tri-, tetra-, or pentasomy of these regions. These SJTs were found in 9 chromosomal segments such as 8q24, 9q34, 11q13, 11q23, 13q14, 14q24-q32, 17p12, 21q22 and 22q11 indicating that SJT is not rare cytogenetic events in leukemia and lymphoma with complex chromosome aberrations. SJT at 8q24, 11q13, 14q24-32 and 21q22 were predominantly detected in 17.6% of AML, 46.1% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 29.6% of acute type of adult T-cell leukemia and 16.6% of AML. In total, 10.7% of 564 leukemia and lymphoma patients, including 43 analyzed patients on no SJTs at 5q34 and 20q11.2 had either one or two of the 9 SJTs. 3-7 copies of SJTs per a metaphase were observed at 11q13 and 11q23. Protein expression levels of MYC were well correlated with amplified MYC signals in NHL patients. The SJT provides evidence of mechanism for formation of unidentified marker chromosomes as well as for the development of the advanced disease stage.Keywords
Chromosome, Gene Amplification, FISH, Leukemia, Malignant LymphomaReferences
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- High Incidence of Loss of RARA-PML Chimeric Gene of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia M3 with Simple or Complex 15;17 Translocation
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 019-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minamiki-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, JP
3 Radiation Hazards Research Group, National Institute for Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 263-8555, JP
4 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda-machi, 1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
5 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hachazawa 2-121, Takahoko, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 019-3213, JP
2 Department of Cancer Cytogenetics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minamiki-ku, Hiroshima 734-8552, JP
3 Radiation Hazards Research Group, National Institute for Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 263-8555, JP
4 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, Senda-machi, 1-9-6, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
5 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
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Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 9 (2012), Pagination: 3229-3240Abstract
Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), French-American-British (FAB) classification M3 contains variable clinical disease. About 90% of the AMLM3 has specific reciprocal chromosome translocation between chromosomes15 and 17, which resulted in PML-RARα and RARα-PML chimeric genes. We analyzed 39 AMLM3 patients who showed typical clinical M3 symptoms, with simple or complex 15;17 translocation or not, by metaphase and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods using both of PML-RARα and RARα-PML chimeric probes or reverse transcriptase PCR of PML-RARα chimeric gene. Thirty-one patients reported positive for PML-RARα gene while eight patients did not. Of interest, 6 of the 31 PML-RARα positive AMLM3 patients (19.4%) did not show RARα-PML chimeric signal, which was considered to be the cases having the deletion of the region locating RARα-PML chimeric gene on der (17) chromosome either after or at the same time of formation of simple 15;17 translocation. Out of 6, 2 patients had complex 15;17 translocation of t(3;15;17) and ins(15;17). Two-way translocation model might be more acceptable to show the mechanisms for formation of complex 15;17 translocation and insertion 15;17 where insertion of a region of chromosome 17 involving RARα into PML region of chromosome 15. These precise FISH analysis also revealed that AMLM3 acquired variable chromosomal instabilities such as deletion of RARα gene and segmental jumping translocation following 15;17 translocation and the FISH analysis will be applicable for classification of AMLM3.Keywords
15, 17 Chromosomal Translocation, Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL), Chromosome Instability, PML, RARα, FISHReferences
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Plant Biology & Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai-600 005, IN
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital
4 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
1 Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Takahoko 2-121, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori 039-3213, JP
2 Department of Plant Biology & Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai-600 005, IN
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital
4 Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Relief Foundation, 50-1, 3 Chome Asakita-ku, Hiroshima 739-1743, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 1801-1811Abstract
Importance of subtelomeric chromosome rearrangements associated with idiopathic mental retardation and with methylation of gene expression in neoplastic cells has been shown. In order to observe incidence of deletions or translocations involving subtelomere region in leukemias and lymphomas, 41 patients were observed precisely by chromosome metaphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using subtelomere probes and so on, specially focus on the end of long arm of chromosome 11 or short arm of chromosome 17. The abnormalities of subtelomere region on chromosome 11 were frequently observed in 7 of 17 patients (41.6%) with 11q22-q25 abnormalities, which were 3 of 9 patients with add(11)(q23-q25) and 3 of 7 patients with del(11)(q22-25), and 16 of 24 patients (66.0%) with 17p13 abnormalities, which were 2 of 6 with translocation between 17 and other chromosome, 6 of 10 with add(17)(p13) and all of 8 with del(17)(p13). Lymphoid disease had slightly higher abnormalities of subtelomere region than myeloid disease in patients with 11q22-25 or 17p13 abnormalities. Chemo- or radiotherapy treated patients had also subtelomeric chromosomal rearrangements. These results indicate that leukemia and lymphomas have many abnormalities at subtelomere region and possible association of chromosome instability, relating to pathogenesis of these diseases especially after therapy. Furthermore, FISH and chromosome analyses were performed on long-term cultured HL-60 leukemic cell line after irradiation using three different sources, and the results confirmed the higher induction of chromosome instability involving subtelomere region after α-rays irradiation.Keywords
Chromosome Instability, Subtelomere, Telomere, Radiation, α-rays, γ-rays, β-rays, Leukemia Cell Line, FishAnalysisReferences
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