Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Vanadeep, K.
- Air Quality Monitoring at Residential Areas in and around Tirupati- a Well-known Pilgrimage Site in India
Abstract Views :420 |
PDF Views:124
Authors
K. Vanadeep
1,
M. Krishnaiah
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517502, IN
1 Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517502, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 11 (2011), Pagination: 1517-1531Abstract
Tirupati is the abode of Lord Venkateswara, the richest shrine in the world that is situated in Andhra Pradesh,India. An estimated average of 1,40,000 vehicles and about 1.5 million devotees flow every month for darshan. The principal objective of this study is to shed some light on the concentration of air pollutants to which people in the residential areas with different surroundings are exposed. This was carried out from January 2009 to December 2010. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Carbon monoxide (CO) were estimated. SPM and RSPM (PM10) violated the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). CO almost touched the threshold NAAQS limit. SO2 and NOX were within the recommended limits. Peak values were observed during March-May and also during winter from December-February. The concentrations of SPM in summer exceeded the concentrations in monsoon and winter by 24% each, signifying the influence of local factors on pollutant concentrations, besides the impact of meteorological parameters. The summer values of PM10 exceeded the monsoon values by 40% and winter values by 45%. SO2 exhibited summer values that were 35% greater than the monsoon and 18% greater than the winter values. The values of NOx during the two summers were observed to be 31% more than those recorded in the monsoon and 14% more than the respective values in winter. CO exhibited predominant summer values that outweighed the monsoonal values by 45% and the winter values by 39%. Air quality parameters exhibited considerable relation to meteorological parameters as well as to local and anthropogenic factors. Overall, the above pollutants were found to be significantly correlated to each other. This study will help the concerned authorities to plan for better environs not only for those residents but also the pilgrims.Keywords
Air Pollution, Carbon Monoxide, Sulphur Dioxide, Emission, Oxides of Nitrogen, Tirupati, Meteorological DependenceFull Text
References
- Agarwal R, Jayaraman G, Anand S and Marimuthu P (2006) Assessing respiratory morbidity through pollution status and meteorological conditions for delhi. Environ. Monitoring & Asses. 114, 489-504.
- Anderson KR, Avol EL, Edwards SA, Shamoo DA, Pen RC, Linn WS and Hackney JD (1992) Controlled exposure of volunteers to respirable carbon and sulphuric acid aerosols. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 42, 770–776.
- Brandon C., Hommann K. (1995) The Cost Of Inaction: Valuing The Economy‐Wide Cost Of Environmental Degradation In India; paper presented at the ‘Modelling Global Sustainability’ conference held in United Nations University,Tokyo,October,1995.
- Bridgman HA, Davies TD, Jickells T, Hunova I, Tovey K, Bridges K and Surapipith V (2002) Air pollution in the krusne hory region, czech republic during the 1990s. Atmospheric Environ. 36, 3375-3389.
- Cacciola RR, Sarva M and Polosa R (2002) Adverse respiratory effects and allergic susceptibility in relation to particulate air pollution. Flirting With Disaster. Allergy. 57, 281–286.
- Chan LY and Kwok WS (2001) Roadside suspendedparticulates at heavily trafficked urban sites of Hong Kong – seasonal variation and dependence on meteorological conditions. Atmospheric Environ. 35, 3177-3182.
- Chandra Mouli P, Venkata Mohan S and Jayarama Reddy S (2003) A study on major inorganic ion composition of atmospheric aerosols at Tirupati. J. Hazardous Materials. B96, 217-228.
- Chandra Mouli P, Venkata Mohan S and Jayarama Reddy S (2005) Assessment of microbial (Bacteria) concentrations of ambient air at semi-arid urban region: Influence of meteorological factors. Applied Ecol. & Environ. Res. 3(2), 139-149.
- Comrie AC (1996) An all-season synoptic climatology of air pollution in the US-Mexico border. Sci. Total Environ. 276, 49-68.
- CPCB, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, National ambient air quality standards, published in the gazette of India vide extraordinary notification No(s). S.O.384 (E), dated 11th April, 1994 and S.O. 935(E), dated 14th October, 1998.
- Demirci E and Cuhadaroglu B (2000) Statistical analysis of wind circulation and air pollution in urban trabzon. Energy & Buildings. 31, 49-53.
- Department of Transport, UK (2002) Sources of particulate matter in urban areas: TRAMAQ Project UG 250.
- Dockery DW and Pope CA (1994) Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annu. Rev. Publ. Health. 15, 107–132.
- Dockery DW, Pope III CA, Xu X, Spengler JD, Ware JH, Fay ME, Ferris BG and Speizer FE (1993) An association between air pollution and mortality in six US cities. New Engl. J. Med. 329, 1573–1759.
- Economopoulou AA and Economopoulos AP (2002) Air pollution in athens basin and health risk assessment. Environ. Monitoring & Asses. 80, 277–299.
- Gadhavi H and Jayaraman A (2010) Absorbing aerosols: contribution of bio mass burning and implications for radiative forcing. Annales Geophysicae. 28, 103-111.
- Glovsky MM, Miguel AG and Cass GR (1997) Particulate air pollution: Possible relevance in asthma. Allergy & Asthma Proc. 18, 163-166.
- Gupta AK, Patil RS and Gupta SK (2003) Statistical analysis of particulate data sets for jawahar lal Nehru and surrounding harbor region in india. Environ. Monitoring & Asses. 95, 295-309.
- Hedin LO, Granat L, Likens GE, Buishand TA, Galloway JN, Butler TJ and Rodhe H (1994) Steep declines in atmospheric base cations in regions of Europe and North America. Nature. 367, 351-354.
- International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) (1989) Diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and some nitroarenes. IARC Monograph Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 46, 41.
- Jacobson MZ (2001) Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature. 409, 695–697.
- Kukkonen J, Konttinen M, Bremer P, Salmi T and Saari H (2000) The seasonal variation of urban air quality in northern european conditions. Intl. J. Environ. & Pollution. 14, 1-6.
- Lee CG, Yuan CS, Chang JC and Yuan C (2005) Effects of aerosol species on atmospheric visibility in kaohsiung city, Taiwan. J.Air & Waste Management. Assoc.55,1031–1041.
- Mayer H (1999) Air pollution in cities. Atmos. Environ. 33, 4029-4037.
- Monn C, Braendli O, Schaeppi C, Ackermann-Liebrich U and Leuenberger P (1995) Particulate matter 10μm (PM10) and total suspended particulates (TSP) in Urban, Rural and alpine air in Switzerland. Atmospheric Environ. 29, 2565–2573.
- Nanda Kumar NV, Sreedhar Babu P, Rajasekhar M and Nagarjuna A (2008) Air pollution levels in tirupati and its relation to meteorological factors. Ecoscan. 2(2), 241-253
- Pope CA, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, Calle EE, Krewski D, Ito K, Thurston GD (2002) Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMAJ. Am. Med. Assoc. 287, 1132–1141.
- Qin G and Huang M (2001) A study on rain water acidification processes in ten cities of china. Water, Air & Soil Pollu. 130, 163-174.
- Safai PD, Rao PS, Momin GA, Ali K, Chate DM and Praveen PS (2004) Some observations on the characteristics of aerosols at traffic junctions in Pune City. Indian J. Radio & Space Phys. 33, 260-266.
- Sandradewi J (2008) A study of wood burning versus traffic aerosols using a multi-wavelength aethalometer, Doctor of Sciences (Ph.D) dissertation. ETH ZURICH, Zurich, Switzerland. Diss. ETH No. 17694
- Shendell DG and Naeher LP (2002) A pilot study to assess ground-level ambient air concentration of fine particles and carbon monoxide in Urban Guatemala. Environ. Intl. 28, 375–382.
- Streets DG, Tsai NY, Akimoto H and Oka K (2001) Trends in emissions of acidifying species in asia. Water, Air & Soil Pollu. 130, 187-192.
- Wang G, Wang H, Yu Y, Gao S, Feng J, Gao S and Wang L (2003) Chemical characterization of water-soluble components of PM10 and PM2.5 atmospheric aerosols in five locations of nanjing, China. Atmospheric Environ. 37, 2893–2902.
- Wise EK and Comrie AC (2005) Extending the KZ filter: application to Ozone, particulate matter and meteorological trends. Atmospheric Environ. 39, 2969-2980.
- World Health Organization (2000) Air Quality Guidelines for Europe; WHO Regional Publ; WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen; European Series No. 91.
- Wrobel A, Rokita E and Maenhaut W (2000) Transport of traffic-related aerosols in urban areas. Sci. Total Environ. 257, 199–211.
- Yang KL (2002) Spatial and seasonal variation of PM10 concentrations in Taiwan. Atmospheric Environ. 36, 3403–3411.
- Ye SH, Jian Song WZ, Peng BC, Yuan D, Lu YM and Qi PP (1999) Toxicity and health effects of vehicle emissions in shanghai. Atmos Environ. (UK). 34, 419-429.
- Yuan CS, Lee CG, Liu SH, Yuan C, Yang YH and Chang CJ (2006) Correlation of atmospheric visibility with chemical composition of kaohsiung aerosols. Atmos. Res. 82, 663–679.
- Yuan CS, Lee CG, Liu SH, Yuan C, Yang YH and Chen CT (2002) Developing strategies for improving urban visual air quality. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 2, 9–22.
- Zhao D, Xiong J, Xu Y, Chan WH (1988) Acid rain in southwestern china. Atmos. Environ. 22, 349-358.
- Meteorological Predictions Preserved in the Panchangam Versus Real-time Observations - a Case Study over Tirupati Region - a Semi-arid Tropical Site in India
Abstract Views :753 |
PDF Views:221
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Rashtriya Sanskrita Vidya Peetha, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Rashtriya Sanskrita Vidya Peetha, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 2491-2509Abstract
Panchangam is the traditional Hindu Almanac that has been in practice for 5,000 years. Invaluable meteorological predictions are enshrined in it. They are generalized over a region, based on astrological phenomena like planet-star conjunctions, transits, etc. Five components of Panchangam, namely Tithi, Vaaram, Nakshatram,Yogam and Karanam, along with other terms, have been explained. Astrological conditions favouring scanty and copious rainfall have been enlisted. General climatic summary of Panchangam months during the period of study (1992-2004) has been furnished. Panchangam year starts from Chaitram(April) and ends with Phaalgunam (March). Popular 'Pidaparthi Panchangam' was used for this study. To estimate rainfall quantity, an ancient unit 'Aadhakam' was employed, which is equivalent to 1.6 cm of rain gauge. Maximum rainfall on any day of the year, mean annual rainfall, average South-West and North-East monsoon rainfall, mean monsoonal rainfall, rainfall based on planetary reign, dominant cloud type and resultant rainfall nature, direction of cloud origin and wind velocity over Tirupati region, which is a semi-arid tropical site situated in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India, were compared with Panchangam predictions, using data provided by India Meteorological Department (IMD). Correlation of individual observations with Panchangam predictions, ranged from 9.7% to 94.4%. Overall, during study period, success rate of Panchangam predictions set against modern observations was about 57%.Keywords
Panchangam, Nakshatram, Conjunction, Planetary Reign, Meteorological PredictionFull Text
References
- Balkundi HV (1999) Commentary on 'Krishi Parasara', translated by Sudhale N. Agri. History Bull., Publication No.2, Asian Agri History Foundation,Secunderabad.
- Bharadwaj Dinesh M (2004) Panchangam – The Indian Almanac, About Astrology, www.explocity.com/ Channels/ Astrology/Panchangam.asp
- Burghart (2000) In: http://www.suite101.com/ article.cfm/nature_sketches/33934.
- De US, Joshi UR and Prakasa Rao GS (2004) Nakshatram based rainfall climatology. Mausam. 55(2), 305.
- Galacgac ES and Balisacan CM (2009) Traditional weather forecasting for sustainable agroforestry practices in Ilocos Norte Province, Philippines. Forest Ecol. Manage. 257, 2044-2053.
- Kanani PR and Pastakia Astad (1999) Everything is written in the sky! : Participatory meteorological assessment and prediction based on traditional beliefs and indicators in Saurashtra. J. Asian Int. Bioethics. 9, 170.
- Khaladkar RM, Narkhedkar SG & Mahajan PN (2007) Performance of NCMRWF models in predicting high rainfall spells during SW monsoon season– A study for some cases in July 2004, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, Research Report No. RR –116.
- Mishra SK, Dubey VK and Pandey RC (2002) Rain forecasting in Indian almanacs (Panchangs): A case for making Krishi-Panchang. Asian Agri-Hist. 6(1), 29- 42.
- Ravi Shankar K, Pochaiah Maraty, Murthy VRK and Ramakrishna YS (2008) Indigenous rain forecasting in Andhra Pradesh, Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture, Hyderabad. pp: 1-67.
- Richard Thompson (1997), Planetary diameters in the Surya-Siddhanta. J. Scientific Exploration. 11(2), 193- 200.
- Roncoli C, Ingram K, Kirshen P and Jost C (2001) Burkina Faso A: Integrating indigenous and scientific rainfall forecasting. World Bank Indigenous Knowledge Series No. 39.
- Sandeep Acharya (2011) Prediction of rainfall variation through flowering phenology of nightflowering jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.; Verbenaceae) in Tripura. Indian J. Traditional Knowledge.10 (1), 96-101.
- Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami (1997) Vedic Calendar – The Kadavul Hindu Panchangam, The Saivite Series, Himalayan Academy, Kapaa, Hawaii.
- Sivaprakasam S and Kanakasabai V (2009) Traditional almanac predicted rainfall – A case study. IndianJ. Traditional Knowledge. 8 (4), 621-625.
- Tripathi RPM (1969) Indigenous methods of rainfall prediction, M.Sc (Ag) Thesis, Department of Extension Education, BHU, Varanasi.