Chanchal Singla ¹, Vivek Pahwa ¹, Deepak Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160014, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To develop and analyze isolated photovoltaic based water pumping system employing Field Oriented Controlled (FOC) three-phase squirrel cage Induction Motor (IM) which in turn is used to run the centrifugal pump. To extract the maximum power from the solar panel during all conditions, Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) has to be implemented. Method/Analysis: FOC-IM of 5th order differential equations have been solved using Runga Kutta Method for integration with dq axis in rotor reference frame in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The two MPPT techniques are based on calculations of the instantaneous values of the voltage and current of the PV cell. The Perturb and Observe (P&O) technique is based on the value of perturbation and the Incremental Conductance (INC) technique is implemented using the value of the Incremental Conductance. Findings: The power generation from various renewable energy sources is becoming popular because of greater efficiency and depletion of non renewable energy sources. In this paper, an isolated photovoltaic based model is considered which can be suitable for the remote areas where there is no grid connectivity. From the exhaustive study of literature, it is found that very few authors have worked on induction motor and that too employing FOC for PV based model. The characteristics of the Induction Motor are such that it draws high inrush current at starting. The peak power ratings of the inverters and converters depend on this starting current in such finite PV based sources. This ultimately leads to the high cost of the whole system. The analysis to this problem has not been discussed yet, which is an important concern in the field of PV based electric motor drives. This work is incorporated to achieve this objective. Novelty/Improvement: The whole developed model is analyzed using the two MPPT techniques viz Incremental Conductance and Perturb and Observe MPPT. The problem of starting current in the motor and the distortions in the torque deviations are highly dependent on the choice of MPPT. So keeping in view of the above two problems, the optimum MPPT technique has been stated in this work.

Keywords

Centrifugal Pump, Field Oriented Control (FOC), Incremental Conductance (INC), Induction Motor (IM), Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT), Photovoltaic System (PV), Perturb and Observe (P&O).

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Deepak Kumar ¹, Manu Sood ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla – 171005, Himachal Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Traditional networks were complex and difficult to manage. S.D.N is the future of programmable networks. Our objective is to find out how host communicates in realistic networking environment. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In order to find out how actual network works. We have used an emulator i.e. mininet. We have compared various mininet topologies. Finally we have used one of the topology to find out how host communicate in mininet environment. We have made one of host as the server and other may serve as a clients. Client host will request to the server to download particular. We have used the wget linux feature to make this possible. Findings: Today S.D.N has become an important part of networking. So it is important to emulate its behaviour. Mininet provides us with the inbuilt hosts, switches and controller. Each of these hosts assigned with unique IP address. Each host also corresponds to xterm display option. We can use these xterm display to make particular host as a server. Similarly we can use other xterm display for client hosts to connect to the server through wget commands. Our finding are novel because this works has not been done before. The works we have done shows that how client request and how server respond. When request is made by client to download particular file. One of the advantage of using emulator is that, application that works on emulator can be easily deployable in realistic networks. As S.D.N is a new platform so it enable the chances for the innovation of new research. As each past work helps us to make further research. So this work also benefit other researcher somewhere. Application/ Improvements: We can make use of S.D.N in various areas like in campus area, Labs, cellular networks etc. There is always a chance of improvement and betterment, as S.D.N is new paradigm so chances of improvement are much more. As there are risk of security. So there are wide areas of improvements.

Keywords

Mininet, OpenFlow, Openvswitch, SDN, Virtualization.

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Chaman Verma ¹, Deepak Kumar ¹, Sanjay Dahiya ²

Affiliations
1 JJT University, Jhunjhunu - 333001, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of CSE, Ch. Devi Lal State Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panniwala Mota, Sirsa – 125077, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To explore the opinion towards the awareness of information and communication technology related to State-wise Institutions. Methods/Analysis: This study uses student T-test with equal variance to discover out meaningful diversity between faculty and students in relation to their state of residence. A stratifies random sampling method is used used to collect five hundred sixty samples of students and three hundred forty four samples of faculty from six Universities of Punjab and Haryana. In this paper four Independent and thirty five dependant variables have been considered. Item analysis test has been used to selection of dependant variables. Findings: This study explores the ICT awareness between student and faculty of Punjab and Haryana states. The outcome of this study reveals no meaningful difference among students-faculty in relation to their state of residence. There is no diversity found in between Punjab's student and Haryana's student towards ICT awareness. Similarly there is no diversity found between Punjab's faculty and Haryana's faculty about ICT awareness for state variable. Conclusion/Application: Evaluating state diversity towards ICT would be prove beneficial and supportive lead to state government administration and other organizations such as UGC, AICTE, DEC, MHRD to realize the current scenario of ICT awareness in Indian Institutions.

Keywords

Degree of Freedom, Diversity, State, T-Test.

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