Aminet Pseunok ¹, Murat Mugotlev ¹, Mikhail Silantyev ¹

Affiliations
1 Adyghe State University (AGU), 385000, Maikop, street Pervomayskaya, 208, RU

Abstract

The cardiovascular system is regarded as an indicator of the functional state of an integral organism. Therefore, conducting comprehensive studies of the heart is a relevant issue. The heart rhythm, as well as the strength of its contractions, controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic segments of the autonomic nervous system is very sensitive to any stress. From this perspective, the heart rate indicators can act as integral markers of the body stress. The research targets the study of the control mechanisms for the cardiac activity of young football players aged 10–14 years. The longitudinal studies were conducted during two years with the same contingent of school children aged 10–14 years, engaged in football. The heart rate study was performed by the technique of R.M. Baevskii. Physical development was evaluated by the basic parameters of anthropometric measurements. The studies have shown that athletic training of the majority of young athletes in the first year of the study leads to the adaptation mechanisms stress, and in the second year, the adaptive capacity of the body improves. By the end of the school year, athletic training combined with the study load stresses the adaptation mechanisms of the majority of school children of the first and third years of study, and causes a decrease in the functional capacity of the body of some of them.

Keywords

Adaptation, Adaptive Capacity, Control, Functionality, Heart Rate, Motor Mode, Physical Development, School children, Young Football Players

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Aminet Pseunok ¹, Murat Mugotlev ¹, Mikhail Silantyev ¹

Affiliations
1 Adyghe State University (AGU), Maikop, Russian Federation

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Investigations of sympathetic-adrenal system activity of primary school children during the learning activities are rare. The study is aimed at identifying the characteristics of SAS functional state in primary schoolers. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The study involved boys and girls of 6-8 years old enrolled in secondary school. Functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal system was evaluated by the level of adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion by fluorometric method in batch urine. The obtained data were processed by standard methods of variation statistics. To assess the statistical significance of differences the Student's t-test values were calculated. Findings: Analysis of the results showed that in 6-8-year-old children adaptive situation is exacerbated by the end of the school year, with the exception of the 2nd grade boys, which is associated with the ontogenetic features of body’s growth and development, as adrenal segment is formed in boys earlier than in girls. Our research has shown that the educational program for six-year children is the most optimal for girls, while boys’ fatigue syndrome is more pronounced, especially towards the end of the school year. It is also noted that with age, urinary catecholamine excretion increases, but this forward movement is of uneven and not infinite nature. To disclose regularities of formation of the growing organism’s adaptive systems is an integral part of the scientific basis underlying the protection of the health of the younger generation. Applications/Improvements: The study of excretion of urinary catecholamines and their precursors in the early school years will expand the notions of neuro-humoral mechanism enabling to assess the level of adaptation possibilities of schoolchildren.

Keywords

Adaptation, Adaptation Capacity, Autonomic Regulation, Homeostasis, Sympathoadrenal System, Schoolchildren

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