Damhuji Rifai ¹, Ahmed N. Abdalla ¹, Noraznafulsima Khamsah ², Mohd Aizat ², Muhd Fadzli ²

Affiliations
1 Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, MY
2 Faculty of Electrical and Automation Engineering Technology, TATI University College, Kijal, Kemaman, Terengganu, MY

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Eddy current testing is one of the most widely Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) methods which utilized in the industry especially in oil and gas, aircraft, nuclear and coating industries. Experimental studies of eddy current testing have emerged as an important approach alongside numerical. This paper is to design, fabricate and investigate the maximum eddy current testing that can detect subsurface defect in the carbon steel S45C block. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The material of the artificial defect block is carbon steel (S45C) with dimension of 180mm (length) × 25mm (width) × 60mm (height). There are eight artificial defects which located 20mm parallel to the length of the block with 0.5mm diameter. The distance defect is located in between 0.5mm to 4.00mm from the surface of the artificial defect block. Weld probe with diameter size of 16mm and 9mm are used to perform the inspection. Findings: Experiments showed that the weld probe with diameter 16mm able to detect subsurface defect up to 4.0mm and 2.0mm for 9mm diameter weld probe. The optimum of eddy current testing frequency for carbon steel S45C is depending on the defect distance from the material surface. Applications/Improvements: The results prove that the maximum depth of the subsurface can be measured by using eddy current testing method, which is depending on the frequency of the exciting coil weld probe.

Keywords

Artificial Defect Block, Carbon Steel S45C, Eddy Current Testing, Gain,Nondestructive Testing, Optimum Frequency

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Athraa Ali Kadhem ¹, N. I. A. Wahab ¹, Ishak Bin Aris ¹, Jasronita bt Jasni ¹, Ahmed N. Abdalla ²

Affiliations
1 Center for Advanced Power and Energy Research, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, MY
2 Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, MY

Abstract

Wind power has remarkable economic and environmental advantages when compared to other power generation sources. Presently, wind power is considered to be an essential alternative source for generating power. The growing pervasiveness of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) in power systems has a huge influence on the electrical system’s reliability in relation to other conventional sources for power generation. If the variation in the speed of the wind of a specific site is significant, then, the power output from the wind turbine may get severely affected. The output power from the WECS may also get affected by the unavailability of wind generating units for a considerable period of time. The impact of wind turbine units on the reliability of power generating systems and operating reserves is explained in this paper, while considering wind power units that are frequently unavailable and for a considerable amount of time. The paper presents the impacts of the duration and frequency of failures of the Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) on the WECS output power. A Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation (SMCS) technique along with Frequency and Duration method shows it is effective for estimating the WECS output power, and the simulation was conducted on IEEE RTS-79 bus system.

Keywords

Generating Capacity Adequacy, Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation, Wind Power, Wind Energy Conversion System.

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Ali Abdullah Ali ¹, Ahmed N. Abdalla ¹, R. Ishat ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia, Gambang - 26300, Pahang, MY

Abstract

Background: Typical steady state studies always treat the peak power demands as the worst case conditions. Periods of light load area also critical in the assessment of the possible state of a power system. While heavy load conditions are generally associated with overload, low voltage and generation deficiency, light load conditions may give rise to over-voltage and undesirable reactive power requirements at generation side. Method: This paper focus on study the effect of DG Optimizing on overload Transmission line Stability. The system dispatch constraints should be taken into account to compensate for varying DG generation output and to enhance the operational performance of power systems. Findings: This dispatching operation depends on the change of DG generation and the dispatching strategy. The impact of DG generation uncertainty is limited with the generation dispatching operation and should not be neglected in system analysis. Application: distributed generators based wind turbine to investigate the effect of DG on Transmission line stability.

Keywords

DG (Distributed Generators), Line Stability, Overload.

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