Tripathi, Sadhna

• Potential of Lantana camara Linn. Weed against Wood Destroying Fungi

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Authors

Sadhna Tripathi , Kanchan Rawat , Swati Dhyani , Himani Pant

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 403-411

Abstract

Lantana camara Linn. belonging to family Verbenaceae is known world wide as an obnoxious weed having 650 varieties and spreading over 60 countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of L. camara extracts against wood destroying white and brown rot fungi. Root, stem and leaves of Lantana were collectively extracted with ethanol followed by hot water. Ethanolic extract at a concentration levels of 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% and the hot water extract at a concentration levels of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3% were tested against Trametes versicolor, a white rot and Oligoporus placentus, a brown rot by malt-agar bioassay. Results revealed that the ethanolic extract upto 0.01% concentration level recorded 0% growth of T. versicolor and O. placentus as compared to 100% observed in control plates. A growth of 50 and 28% of O. placentus and T. versicolor was observed at 0.005% concentration of the ethanolic extract. Hot water extract on the other hand at all the concentrations tested recorded 97 to 100% surface coverage of the test fungi. Qualitative analysis of the ethanolic and hot water extracts revealed presence of high amounts of phenolics and alkaloids and appreciable amount of terpenoids in the ethanolic extract. Presence of high amounts of carbohydrates and trace amounts of alkaloids and phenols were observed in hot water extract.

Keywords

Lantana camara, Root, Stem, Leaves, Ethanol, Hot Water Extracts, Wood Destroying
Fungi, Trametes versicolor, Oligoporus placentus

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• Performance Evaluation of Bambusa Tulda Treated with Different Fire Retardant Compositions

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Authors

Ajmal Samani , Sadhna Tripathi , Ram Lal

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 9 (2009), Pagination: 1202-1208

Abstract

The present paper deals with the treatment of Bambusa tulda with ten different fire retardant-cum-preservative compositions to offer protection against fire. The performance of treated bamboo against fire was tested for flame penetration, inflammability and rate of burning test as per Indian standards. Bambusa tulda treated with only four compositions passed all fire retardant tests.

Keywords

Bambusa Tulda, Fire Retardant, Flame Penetration, Inflammability, Rate of Burning.

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• Preliminary Screening of Neem Seed Oil against Schizophyllum commune - a Bamboo Degrading White Rot Fungus

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Authors

Anshul Vivek Chandra , N. S. K. Harsh , Sadhna Tripathi , S. T. S. Lepcha

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 11 (2009), Pagination: 1511-1514

Abstract

Neem tree is widely recognized for its superior insecticidal, fungistatic and fungitoxic ability. Neem seed oil has been found effective against number of pathogenic fungi. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of the neem seed oil against bamboo degrading white rot fungus, Schizophyllum commune at various concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 per cent. Results revealed that neem seed oil tested at 5% conc. level completely inhibited the fungal growth up to 100% whereas growth inhibition up to 92.86 and 67.62 per cent was observed at 3.0 and 1.0 per cent conc., respectively as compared to control where 100 per cent growth of the test fungus was observed. At lower concentration level of 0.5 per cent it showed lower anti-fungal activity (22.86 per cent growth inhibition).

Keywords

Neem Seed Oil, White Rot Fungi, Bio-degradation, Schizophyllum commune

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• Treatment of Green Round Bamboos with and without Boring by Pressure Treatment and Alternate Pressure Method (APM)

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Authors

Ram Lal , Ajmal Samani , Sadhna Tripathi

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 134, No 7 (2008), Pagination: 932-936

Abstract

Bamboos are versatile material for countless applications. Their wider use for construction is encouraged because of growing scarcity of timbers. Since it has a very low natural durability, protection against biological degradation is of vital importance for long-term services. Protective measures without chemicals are preferable, but often limited in their effectiveness. For using preservatives, the restricted permeability of culms tissue, choice of preservative and treatment method and environmental effects as well as economical aspects have to be considered. Treatment of Dendrocalamus strictus and Bambusa nutans in green round form with holes revealed higher retentions of copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) than bamboo without holes by Alternate pressure method. Lower retentions were recorded in both the species treated by full cell process.

Keywords

Bamboo, Dendrocalamus strictus, Bambusa nutans, Preservation, Protection,
Preservatives, Pressure Treatment, Alternate Pressure Method (APM)

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• Comparative Study of Different Treatment Processes for Durability Amelioration of Bamboo

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Authors

Sadhna Tripathi , S. N. Nautiyal

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 134, No 9 (2008), Pagination: 1173-1185

Abstract

Grave yard test on natural durability of five bamboo species i.e. Dendrocalamus strictus, Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa balcooa, Bambusa nutans and Bambusa bambos shows none of the species is durable in ground contact. Treatment with copper chrome arsenic (CCA) at 4% concentration and four methods of treatment i.e. Boucherie, VAC-FRI, Wick and Diffusion were chosen for the study. Treated D. strictus performed excellently while B.nutans was completely damaged in grave yard test. Bamboos treated with CCA on the basis of their field performance can be arranged in the decreasing order of their performance as D. strictus b > D. Giganteus > B. balcooa > B. bambos > B. nutans. None of the treatment imparted considerable protection to Bambusa bambos and B. nutans. Boucherie performed best among all treatments applied and treatment methods can be graded as Boucherie > Diffusion > VAC-FRI > Wick process = Control on the basis of field performance. Moisture content, treatment time and retention of preservative had influenced performance of treated bamboo in field i.e. deterioration.

Keywords

Durability Amelioration, Processes, Bamboo, Dendrocalamus strictus,
Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa balcooa, Bambusa bambos, Bambusa nutans

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• Role of Wood Preservation in Carbon Locking

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Authors

A. K. Rana , Sadhna Tripathi , Indra Dev

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 129, No 6 (2003), Pagination: 707-713

Abstract

The green house effect is a widely known phenomenon based on established scientific principles. Human activities like burning of forest fuel , destruction of forests add CO₂ to the atmosphere , which enhance the global temperature. This problem requires creative solutions to maintain the balance of ecosystem and check the unnatural climate change. Afforstration and forest fuels replacements are some of the measures to control it. Besides the above , there are natural forces which decay the wood products and add CO₂ to the atmosphere. This paper deals with the different aspects of carbon increase , and measures to control it. Carbon storage in wood products may be one of the potential way , which can be achieved by prolonging the life of wood and wood products through adopting wood preservation.

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• Air Quality Status and its Impact on Nitrate Reductase, Superoxide Dismutase and Peroxidase Activities of Plants in Lime Kiln Area

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Authors

Ashutosh Kumar Tripathi , Sadhna Tripathi , S. K. Banerjee

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 128, No 9 (2002), Pagination: 995-1008

Abstract

Study of impact of lime kiln emission on enzymtic parameters like nitrate reductase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in Syzygium cumini, Mangifera indica, Citrus limon, Ziziphus mauritiana, Psidium guajava, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Pongamia pinnata, Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo, Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus hybrid and Butea monosperma, revealed significant variation in their quantities. These enzymatic variations can be used for early diagnosis of stress or as a marker for physiological damage to trees even at low pollution levels, prior to the onset of visible injury symptoms.

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• Wood Protection by Pongamia pinnata Seed Oil Through Heating Process

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Authors

Sadhna Tripathi , Hridesh Kumar , Himani Pant

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 138, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 136-141

Abstract

Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre is thought to be a native of India and is found throughout Asia. Pongamia oil is considered to possess anti-fungal and insecticidal activity but this property is not fully tapped and is under utilized. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of pongamia oil against wood decaying fungi. The oil was tested at different concentrations against Oligoporus placentus and Trametes versicolor by Potato dextrose agar bioassay. Results revealed that oil at concentration levels of 15 and 10% recorded considerable growth inhibition of both the test fungi. However, at lower concentrations the oil was found ineffective. The oil was further evaluated for its efficacy against the test fungi by soil block bioassay method. Poplar and chir pine sapwood specimens treated with pongamia oil at 180 and 200 °C, recorded considerable reduction in weight loss as compared to control against test fungi. Heating resulted in colour change of oil as well as that of wood. Preliminary study shows that Pongamia pinnata oil can be explored for wood protection.

Keywords

Anti-fungal Activity, Insecticidal Activity, Pongamia pinnata, Seed Oil, Potato Dextrose Agar Bioassay, Soil Block Bioassay

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• Efficacy of Chloropicrin Against Wood Decaying Fungi In-vitro

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Authors

Himani Pant , Sadhna Tripathi

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 249-254

Abstract

To determine the fungicidal effectiveness of chloropicrin against wood decaying fungi white rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Oligoporus placenthus), C_pi was tested by malt agar bioassay. C_pi at 0.001% was unable to show activity against the test fungi showing complete growth in Petri plates as in control. It showed fungicidal effectiveness against both the test fungi i.e. T. versicolor and O. placentus at 0.01% concentration.

Keywords

Fumigant, Brown Rot, White Rot

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• Efficacy Evaluation of Lantana camara for Bamboo Protection

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Authors

Anshul Chandra , N. S. K. Harsh , Sadhna Tripathi , S. T. S. Lepcha

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 9 (2010), Pagination: 1261-1270

Abstract

Lantana is a rapidly growing obnoxious weed though it has potential of purposeful utilization. Preservation of bamboo during storage with the help of preservative of natural origin i.e. Lantana extract may result in saving of material. Extractives of aerial parts and ischolar_main components of L. camara were made in polar and non polar solvents i.e. petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and hot water were tested against Schizophyllum commune. the pioneer colonizer decay fungus and Polyparus areulanus. the secondary stage parasite of Bamboo in storage and use. Laboratory bioassay exhibited that methanolic extract of Lantana camara were highly fungicidal at very low concentrations.

Keywords

Antifungal Activity. Lantana Camara, Schizophyllum Commune, Polyporus Arcularius

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• Effect of Heat Treatment on Decay Resistance of Pinus Roxburghii Wood against Decaying Fungi

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Authors

Ashish Kumar Kashyap ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹, Himani Pant ¹

Affiliations
1 Wood Preservation Discipline, Wood Processing Division Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 140, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 65-69

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of heat treatment on fungal resistance of chir pine (Pinus o roxburghii) wood. Heat treatment of wood was done at three different temperatures (160, 180 and 210 C) for 0.5, 3, 5, and 24 h in vacuum oven under N atmosphere. Fungal resistance was determined by exposing the heat treated 2 specimens to wood decaying fungi, Oligoporus placentus (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot) through soil block bioassay test in the laboratory. Heat treatment showedremarkable protection to chir pine wood against both the test fungi. It was also observed that heat treatment showed the greater resistance against white-rot as compared to brown rot.

Keywords

Heat Treatment, Pinus Roxburghii, Oligoporus Placentus, Trametes Versicolor.

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References

• Bakshi, B.K., Puri, Y.N. and Singh, S. (1967). Natural decay resistance of Indian timbers. I. Introduction and method. II. Decay resistance of sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) and teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). Indian Forester, 93:305–328.
• Boonstra, M., Van Acker, J, Kegel, E., and Stevens, M. (2007). Optimisation of a two stage heat treatment process. Durability aspects. Wood Science and Technology, 41(1): 31-57.
• Bourgois, J. and Guyonnet, R. (1988). Characterisation and analysis of terrified wood. Wood Science and Technology, 22: 143-155.
• Dirol, D. and Guyonnet, R. (1993). The improvement of wood durability by rectification process, Document No. IRG/WP 98-40015. International Research Group on Wood Protection, Stockholm, Sweden.
• Esteves, B.M., Domingos, I.J. and Pereira, H.M. (2008). Pine wood modification by heat treatment in air. Bio Resources, 3(1): 142-154.
• Hakkou, M., Petrissans, M., Gerardin, P. and Zoulalian, A. (2006). Investigations of the reasons for fungal durability of heat-treated beech wood. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 91:393-397.
• IS: 4873. (2008). Methods of laboratory testing of wood preservatives against fungi- part-I (Second revision). Bureau of Indian standards, 9, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, India.
• Jamsa, S. and Viitaniemi, P. (2001). Heat treatment of wood. Better durability without chemicals. In: Proceedings of COST E22 environmental optimization of wood protection. Antibes, France. pp. 21-26.
• Kamdem, D.P., Pizzi, A. and Jermannaud, A. (2002). Durability of heat-treated wood. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 60: 1-6.
• Mazela, B., Zakrzewski, R., Grzeskowiak, W., Cofta, G., and Bartkowiak, M. (2003). Preliminary research on the biological resistance of thermally modified wood, In: Abstracts of the First European Conference on Wood Modification, 113-119, 3-4 April, Ghent, Belgium.
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• Amelioration of Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive With Silicic Acid for Application in Plywood

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Authors

Shweta Bhatt ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹, D. P. Khali ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Dehradun, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 397-402

Abstract

Phenol formaldehyde adhesive is used in laminated as well as composite panels due to its good adhesion, high polymeric strength and excellent stability. The purpose of present study was to prepare plywood of good shear strength using silicic acid (2,3 and 4%) in phenol formaldehyde adhesive. The effect of silicic acid on plywood was evaluated by testing glue shear strength (GSS) of plywood in dry and wet conditions. The mycological test was also conducted in plywood to test its efficacy against white rot fungus (Trametes versicolor). Results revealed that shear strength of plywood was increased by adding silicic acid (2 and 3%) in adhesive, whereas by increasing the concentration of silicic acid (4%) the glue shear strength was reduced but still met the requirement of shear strength as per IS: 848. It was found that glue failure percentagewas also reduced after adding silicic acid in PF adhesive.

Keywords

Glue Shear Strength, Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive, Pressing Time, Silicic Acid, Trametes versicolor.

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• Effect of Microwave Treatment on Permeability of Populus Deltoides BARTR. Wood

Abstract Views :215  |  PDF Views:0

Authors

Pawan Kumar Poonia ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Products Division forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 5 (2015), Pagination: 528-532

Abstract

Low permeability of many wood species causes problems during timber drying as well as impregnating with preservatives and resins. Microwave (MW) technology provides solutions to many of these problems. Microwave (MW) treatment influence heartwood permeability and improves preservative distribution and uptake. The effects of microwave radiation time and initial wood moisture content (MC) on the permeability of Populus deltoides Bartr wood specimens after microwave treatment were studied. The experimental study of MW treatment at 2.45 GHz frequency, 64.4 Wcm^-2 intensity and dipping in preservative revealed a remarkable increase in wood permeability.

Keywords

Microwave, Treatability, Retention, Dipping.

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• The Efficacy of Methanolic Extract of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Leaves against Wood Decaying Fungi

Abstract Views :260  |  PDF Views:0

Authors

Pawan Kumar Poonia ¹, Lambam Anamika Devi ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 8 (2015), Pagination: 869-872

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves extract against wood decaying white rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Oligoporus placentus) fungi. Methanolic extract at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% concentration levels were tested against Trametes versicolor and Oligoporus placentus by potato dextrose agar bioassay. Results revealed that the methanolic extract of Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves at 1.5% concentration exhibited complete inhibition of Trametes versicolor. However, 17.21% growth of Oligoporus placentus was recorded in treated petri plates at 1.5% concentration of extract. Qualitative analysis of the methanolic extracts revealed presence of appreciable amount of terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates and tannins.

Keywords

Eucalyptus tereticornis, Extract, Fungi, Methanol, Oligoporus placentas, Qualitative Analysis, Trametes Versicolor.

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• Development of Fire Retardant formulations for Plywood Protection

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Authors

Pawan Kumar Poonia ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹, Inderjeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Products Division, Wood Preservation Discipline Forest Research Institute, Dehradun-248006, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 9 (2015), Pagination: 956-960

Abstract

Wood is one of the most sustainable, aesthetically pleasing and environmentally benign materials. Dry wood materials are susceptible to fire hazards and results heavy losses of life and materials every year; hence protection against fire is necessary. The present study deals with the treatment of plywood with two different fire retardant cum preservative compositions by vacuum pressure method to offer protection against fire and bio-deterioration. The performance of treated plywood against fire is tested by flame penetration test, inflammability test and rate of burning test as per Indian Standards. The results showed that the mean time taken by control i.e. 17:24 and 19:44 minutes was significantly different (P < 0.05) from both compositions "A" (32:07 and 30:32 minutes) and "B" (42:03 and 33:53 minutes) in Flame penetration test and Inflammability test respectively whereas, in rate of burning test the time of weight loss from 30 to 70 percent were 1:44 minutes in control which was significantly lower than both the composition "A" (26:22 minutes) and "B" (27:58 minutes). Hence, it may be concluded that both the formulations performed as per standard and it can be recommended for application.

Keywords

Fire Retardant, Flame Penetration, Inflammability, Rate of Burning and Wood.

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• Effect of Different Pressure Treatment Methods on Dimensional Stabilization of Chemically Modified Pinus radiata Wood

Abstract Views :224  |  PDF Views:0

Authors

Sanjeet Kumar Hom ¹, Pawan Kumar Poonia ¹, Ajmal Samani ¹, Sadhna Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Wood Preservation Discipline, Forest Products Division Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, IN

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 142, No 7 (2016), Pagination: 675-679

Abstract

Wood is dimensionally unstable and hygroscopic in nature due to presence of large number of hydroxyl groups in the polymeric constituents. Chemical modification is one way of improving this property and acetylation provides dimensional stability to wood, due to cell wall bulking. In the present study Pinus radiata wood samples were modified with pyridine catalyzed acetic anhydride by combination of pressure and heat treatment for different time periods. Weight Percentage Gain, Volumetric Swelling Coefficient and Anti-Swelling Efficiency were determined. Samples were immersed in waterfora time period of 1hr to 120hrs to calculate Volumetric Swelling Coefficient and Anti-Swelling Efficiency for estimating dimensional stability. Schedule of applying pressure of 20lbs per inch² at 120 °C for 1hr showed maximum dimensional stability.

Keywords

Chemical Modification, Acetic Anhydride, Pressure Treatment, Weight per Cent Gain, Volumetric Swelling Coeffident, Anti-Swelling Effidency.

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References

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