S. S. Rajput , N. K. Shukla

Abstract

Briefly bringing out the importance of research on variation of strength of timber, the results of studies undertaken on between and within species variation of properties of Indian timbers have been briefly presented and discussed. It has been emphasised that while knowledge of between species variation is necessary for rational classification and utilisation of different timbers for various end uses, the knowledge of within species variation is important for proper grading and selection of material.

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M. C. Tewari , S. S. Rajput

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Supply of conventional raw material for wood based industries is shrinking day by day. The solution lies in the use of alternate raw materials. Plantations of several fast growing species have been done on a large scale in different parts of the country. While parts of these plantations are basically meant to reduce the pressure on already over exploited forests to meet the demand of fuel wood, remaining may be diverted to raw material starved wood based industries like paper, panel products and for solid wood utilisation like construction, joinery and furniture and other specialised uses. Studies have been undertaken recently at the Forest Research Institute to find the suitability of these plantation woods for different industrial uses and to modify the processing techniques and production processes to make them suitable for different industrial uses. The results of these researches have been reviewed in this paper.

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S. S. Rajput , M. C. Tewari

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Eucalyptus terelieorni popularly known as Eucalyptus hybrid or Mysore gum has been plated extensively throughout India under the plantation programmes in the successive five year plans. Although most of the plantations have been raised for pulp and paper for which the species provides an excellent raw material, the question are often posed about its suitability for other purposes. In order to determine its suitability for varied purposes, investigations have been recently undertaken and several are underway at Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun. The results of these studies have been reviewed in the present paper. On the basis of physical and mechanical properties, E. tereticornis has been found to be 10% heavier, 15% harder and 15% higher in shock resisting ability in comparison to teak. However, it has heen found to be 25% weaker than teak in strength. Under machining operations, it has been found that this species can be very well machine planed, turned, bored or mortised. The working quality index of E. tereticornis has been found to be 94 with teak as 100. The studies on seasoning, durability and treatability behaviour are in progress. However, the results obtained so far indicate that it can be seasoned well with suitable modification in sawing techniques as well as with preseasoning chemical treatment The species belongs to non-durable and non-treatable class with proper care E. tereticornis can be used for making simple as well as bentwood furniture, tool handles, pallets and many other items. By proper selection the species can he used for overhead power and telecommunication line poles, it is already well known that, the eucalypts yield excellent raw material for pulp and paper. Some trees of E. teretlcornls yield Cineole rich medicinal oil. The bark of E. tereticornis can be used for producing oxalic acid and can also be used for making hardboard. Plywood has also been developed from the species but the results are not very encouraging. Many studies are underway to find still more and more uses of Eucalyptus tereticornis and the results will be available In the near future.

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N. K. Shukla , S. S. Rajput

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Briefly bringing out the need for detailed evaluation of different species of eucalypts grown in India, data on physical and mechanical properties of 9 species have been presented and discussed. The data of some of the species, tested from more thon one locality, has been presented separately for different localities. Safe working stresses and suitabiliy indices have also been presented wherever available. Utilisation of Eucalyptus bybrid for overhead power and telecommunication lines, ballies, fence posts and tool handles has also been discussed.

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N. K. Shukla , S. S. Rajput

Abstract

Eucalypts have been planted extensively in different parts of this country. For quicker evaluation of plantations for their industrial utilisation its specific gravity is often required. In the present paper specific gravity of different species of the Eucalyptus tested from 40 different localities has been reported and discussed.

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S. S. Rajput , V. K. Gupta

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Stressing the need of knowledge of effect of defects in wood on it strength and general utilisation characters, the effect of pin-holes on the bending and compressive strength of Pinus roxburghii and Shorea robusta has been studied in some detail.

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S. S. Rajput , J. D. Jain

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Although jointed wood poles are quite often used for overhead power and telecommunication lines specially in hilly and rural areas, only wire bound lap type of joint is commonly adopted. As tests data on other types of jointed poles described in concerned Indian Standard Specification, IS : 6056-1970 is not available, the same has been collected and presented in this paper. It is found that Z-type of lap joint is comparable to wire bound lap joint. While other types of joints taken in the study have come out to be inferrior to these two types of joints.

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B. S. Rawat , S. S. Rajput

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This paper gives ia brief the idea of developing a variety of reproduceable multicoloured decorative wood articles using small pieces of different kind of timbers of varying colours. The material requirement and necessary drawings have been given for makiag Lamp Stand, Table lamp and Flower base. The information will be useful for setting up cottage industry for manufacturing such articles.

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B. S. Rawat , S. S. Rajput , B. C. Pant

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This is in continuation of the earlier papers (3, 4) by the authors in which working qualities of nine species were given. Following the same procedures, the working qualities of ten more species viz. Acacia catechu, Acer oblongum, Cinnamomum camphora, Dipterocarapus turbinatus, Grevillea robusta. Lagerstroemia speciosa. Morus alba, Shorea rob-usta, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia alata have been reported in this paper. On the basis of the quality of the worked surface obtained after different operations and ease of working, a working quality index has been obtained for an overall comparison of the species.

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A. C. Sekhar , S. S. Rajput

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A. C. Sekhar , S. S. Rajput

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Shorea robusta (sal) occurs widely in several parts of the country and is used for numerous purposes. In the present paper the available data on Physical and Mechanical properties of sal in "green" and "air-dry" condition from 14 different localities of India obtained from test results of 5 logs from 5 different trees selected from each locality, has been presented in metric units alongwith the growth conditions. The data of some selected important properties, viz., Fibre stress at Elastic limit, Modulus of rupture, Modulus of Elasticity, Crushing Stress, Hardness and Height of drop in Impact bending have been analysed to study the influence of locality of growth and variation of strength of above properties from one locality to another have been evaluated and discussed. On the basis of investigations, it has been observed that strength properties vary from locality to locality and the same (localities) have been roughly classified into three groups yielding significantly different quality of wood.

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A. C. Sekhar , S. S. Rajput

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no abstract

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A. C. Sekar , S. S. Rajput

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no abstract

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A. C. Sekhar , S. S. Rajput , M. N. Dangwal

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0.1. Physical and mechanical tests were done in green and kiln-dry conditions on standard small clear specimens of Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra), received from Visakhapatnam North Division, Andrha Pradesh. The results have been presented and discussed.

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A. C. Sekhar , S. S. Rajput , V. K. Gupta

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no abstract

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B. S. Rawat , S. S. Rajput , B. C. Pant

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Briefly surveying the work done on evaluation of working qualities of Indian timbers so far, the method of testing and evaluation followed for the present study has been described. Working qualities of four species viz. Tectona grandis, Adina cordifolia, Mangifera indica and Terminalia myriocarpa have been given under four major operations namely planing, turning, boring and mortisting.

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B. S. Rawat , S. S. Rajput , B. C. Pant

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Briefly surveying the work done on the problems of planing of timber, the various relationships between power requirement and variables of planing and strength characteristics of timber have been worked out on the basis of a study done of sixteen species. The relationships between cutter marks frequency-a characteristics often taken as quality index in planing-and feed speed have also been given for various standard type of planing machines manufactured in India.

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