K. M. Tiwari

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Our civilization and heritage as well as our scriptures enjoin upon us to protect and preserve all life forms. Yet, the scenario that confronts us is bleak, with many wildlife species on the brink of extinction and many habitats destroyed due to untrammelled clearing of forests. While National Parks and Sanctuaries have had a beneficial impact, these too are under severe biotiC pressures. The author calls for winning over the people in order to protect and preserve wildlife.

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari , H. N. Mathur , R. P. Singh

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Suddn downward movement of snow due to instability In the snow packs-generally known as avalanches, results in great catastrophies in the Himalayan region resulting in huge loss of life property and facilities. Afferestation is considered to be very important for any avalanche protectIon work where avalanches start within the tree zone; trees, anchor the snow and prevent the avalanche from ever happening. The present paper deals with various aspects of afforestation of avalanche prone sites to minimise avalanche occurrence on a short and long term basis. Both coniferous and Broad leaved species considered suitable for afforestation of avalanche prone sites have been listed. Guiding principles for choice of species, crop geometry, spacing required, crop height and density structures of the forest and other details have been discussed. Pre-requisities for improvement of avalanche prone areas have been given and suggestions future work made.

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari , R. S. Mathur

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In the context of raising large scale plantations of Euocalyptus species to meet the increasing demands of the society for firewood, timber. Poles, pulpwood and oil etc, there is a general belief that Eucalyptus tree consumes more water and soil nutrients. In the present paper information on water and nutrient relation. Of Eucalyptus species has been highlighted. It is seen that the present fallacy that Eucalyptus lowers the underground water table of the soil is not borne out by scientific investigation.

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K. M. Tiwari

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Efficient land use management policy could go a long way in our efforts towards removal of poverty in the country. Agricultural productivity from our land has not been able to keep pace with the constantly increasing population of the country. Merely diverting forest areas to agriculture would not solve the problem, and it is imperative that production per ha of agriculture crops be increased. Pre-requisite for this is our efficient conservation of soil and water resources of the country. Looking at the present situation it seems that an adequate attention to soil and water conservation measures in managing our agricultural lands has not been paid. Forest is the foster mother of agriculture and increasing the forest area in the watersheds of our important river systems would definitely help in an increased agricultural productivity of the country.

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K. M. Tiwari

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Tomorrow's forests will be generaly the small patches of tree lands being established under the Social Forestry programmes along road side, canal banks, railway lines, community lands, homesteads. etc. It has been shown in some detail where the tree lands will be created under Social Forestry. The objects of management of such forests will be to cater to the needs of rural community by providing them fuel, fodder, fruits and small timber. There is practically no data available about the silviculture and management of most of the tree species, being raised under Social Forestry. Research priorities related to Social forestry have been given. IUFRO Congress is requested to provide assistance and support of the internationa1 Community for Social Forestry programmes in various countries.

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K. M. Tiwari

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Causes of recent flood occurrence have been traced from historical, scientific, mythological and observational evidences. Sudden rush of water from catchment areas due to little obstruction and less carriage capacity of the rivers in the plains area due to silting up of their beds have been traced as the most potent causes of flood havoc. The remedy lies in afforesting the denuded and treeless Himalayan ridges constituting the catchment areas and construction of engineering structures such as dams, embankments, etc., in the plains area to regularise their course, for which concrete scheme has been suggested.

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K. M. Tiwari

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The work done on schemes of Forest development in the First Five-Year Plan has been reviewed briefly. From statistical data it has been shown that we must have at least 12% more of the total land area of our country under forests to conform to the minimum proportion of land under forests as laid down in the National Forest Policy of India. It has been, therefore, emphasized that in the Second Five-Year Plan we must attempt to increase the nett forest area by bringing in fresh land under forests. An expenditure of Rs. 100 crores in the Second Five-Year Plan has been envisaged. Vast direct advantages and immense indirect benefits of this socialistic scheme have then been enumerated.

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari

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K. M. Tiwari

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Owing to their fast rate of growth and multiple uses poplars have been shown to be a promising future species in the Tarai belt of U.P. After briefly describing their distribution and characteristics it has been stated on the basis of their performance for the last 3-4 years that the species P. deltoides and 80me of its hybrid clone are likely to be successfully raised in U.P. in the areas situated near 29 ° - 30 ° N latitude. Their rate of growth and yield has then been briefly touched upon. The protective measures particularly against bacterial and fungal diseases and against fire have also been suggested.

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K. M. Tiwari

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The resin industry of India though began more than seventy-five years ala is still backward in many respects. If it fails to improve in the near future it will not be able to survive. Among other measures the following steps should be taken without any delay. (i) The practice of early and adequate thinnings in chir stands should be followed rigidly so that trees reaching tappable size are composed of Individuals of good ferm and vigour with a good crown-length ratio. (ii) In all areas where regeneration of chir crop is being attempted, high resin yielders of good form should be left as seed bearers (iii) Immediate steps should be taken to develop superior racial strains capable of yielding higher quantities of resin. (iv) Research to impreve the yield of resin by application of sulphuric acid paste and 2, 4-D chemical should be Initiated at once and the results already obtained should be translated In the field. (v) The processing of crude resin should be done as far as possible by modern plants. (vi) Research should be Initiated to find eat alternative uses of resin and turpentine.

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K. M. Tiwari

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In order to guard against some of the harmful effects of monoculture in plantation practice, an experiment was laid out to introduce miscellaneous species of multipurpose value-particularly species known to improve the soil humus and which are useful as fuel and fodder-in the interspaces of Sal taungya lines when cultivators have left the area. It has been found that it is possible to raise economically species like Albi a Procera, Bauhinia variegata, Cassia fistula and Ougeinia oojeinensis without any adverse effect on the main crop. An additional yield of approximately 1 tonne/ha/year was obtained on a 4 year rotation of miscellaneous species. Other beneficial effects of miscellaneous species are also discussed.

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K. M. Tiwari

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In order to produce genetically superior seeds to meet the demand of seed for raising plantations of Semal (Bombax ceiba), the first seed orchard of this spp. has been successfully established at Ranipur about 75 km S.E. of Dehra Dun in co-operation with the Genetics Branch of Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun. The technique of its raising, the practical difficulties encountered, and the quantum of success obtained to-date is described in some detail in this article.

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