H. S. Ginwal , Vikas Singh Jadon

Abstract

Twelve provenances of Pinus kesiya representing India (Assam, Meghalaya), Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines and Zambia from the natural range of distribution were evaluated for genetic diversity using the RAPD markers. Eighteen random decamer primers were used to assess variation. A total of 227 amplified products were generated, out of which 179 amplicons were polymorphic. All selected primers produced polymorphic amplification products, however, the extent of polymorphism varied with each primer. Amplification products obtained per primer ranged from as low as 8 to a maximum of 20, with an average of 12.61 per primer. Genetic divergence in respect of per cent polymorphism ranged from 50 to 92%, with an average of 79 %. The value of similarity coefficient varied between 0.44 and 0.72. The genetic similarity coefficient matrix indicated a fair range of variability between the provenances of P. kesiya. Highly divergent provenances were Zambia and Assam (India). Also one provenance of Philippines viz. Phil 7 showed high level of divergence with the Indian (Assam) provenance. These provenances revealed a considerable genetic distance with other provenances. The UPGMA dendrogram classified the provenances of P. kesiya into only two distinct clusters sharing 10 provenances in first cluster and one provenance in second one.

Keywords

Pinus kesiya, Genetic Variation, Provenance, RAPD, Similarity Index, Polymorphism,
Cluster

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P. S. Rawat , H. S. Ginwal , R. P. Singh , R. C. Dubey

Abstract

Vertical distribution of ectomycorrhizae in natural forests of Deodar (Cedrus deodara) and Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) of Central Himalayas has been studied in relation to soil properties at various soil depths (0-30 cm). Soil moisture, pH, organic C. organic matter, total N and available P decreased along the soil depths in both of forest. Live, dead and total mycorrhizal counts were more in C. deodara and P. roxburghii. Highest numbers ofmycorrhizae were recorded between 6-10 cm depth. Apparently, a drastic change in mycorrhizae counts were recorded at soil depth below 15 cm significantly, (P

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S. K. Verma , V. K. Sharma , S. K. Bagchi , H. S. Ginwal

Abstract

This paper summarizes the results of differential response in sprouting behaviour of sixty clones after pruning in Eucalyptus tereticornis in Vegetative Multiplication Garden (VMG). The maximum number of shoots 15.2 was observed in clone 5(A) followed by 14.6 and 14.5 in clone 7210320 and 82102051 respectively. Highly significant (P<0.05) correlations werc observed between number of shoots and collar diameter. It was observed that with the increase in diameter of the coppiced stump, the number of shoots produced per stump increased significantly. It was concluded that by pruning of Eucalyptus tereticornis ramets, maximum number of shoots cuttings may be made available from a hedge-garden to produce ischolar_mained cuttings on a mass scale for clonal forestry programme by judicious selection of clones having high regenerating capacity of shoot production following hedging.

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Mohit Gera , H. S. Ginwal

Abstract

The interest to produce quality seedlings is gaining momentum in recent years. Modern nursery methods such as ischolar_main trainers, improved polythene bag planting systems are being introduced. In order to compare the different seedling production systems, seedlings of three different tree species namely Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo and Albizia procera were raised through seven different methods including ischolar_main trainers. The seedlings were assessed for quality parameters, viz., sturdiness, number of nodules, ischolar_main/shoot ratio and ratio of fibrous to total ischolar_main biomass, before field planting. Root trainer raised seedlings were found to be better in sturdiness whereas nodulation was observation to be better in seedlings raised on MAl beds for all species. Maximum ischolar_main/shoot ratio was observed in ischolar_main trainers raised seedlings whereas no distinct differences were observed in the ratio of fibrous to total ischolar_main biomass. The field assessment of the seedlings after one and a half year of plantiug revealed that ischolar_main trainer raised seedlings registered maximum growth increment for all species except collar diameter in case of Dalbergia sissoo.

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K. Shukla

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to standardize appropriate potting medium for raising Dalbergia sissoo seedlings under ischolar_main trainer seedling production system. In two different experiments , two kinds of potting media were tried , one with various combinations of sand , soil and compost and the other with charcoal , rice husk and compost. A multivariate approach was adopted considering the seedling quality parameters i.e. sturdiness , ischolar_main shoot ratio , ratio of fibrous/total ischolar_main biomass , Dickson quality index , and ischolar_main surface area , apart from the various growth and biomass traits of 3 month nursery growth. Dalbergia sissoo being a versatile and primary coloniser in riverine concession , came up very well in sand and compost combination (20% sand + 80% compost). However , it also performed well in other combinations of sand , soil and compost in the ratio of 1:1:3 ,1:0:4 and pure compost alone. In respect to the organic ingredients , combinations of charcoal , compost and rice husk in the ratio of 1:3:1 and 1:4:0 appeared satisfactory. Comparing the performance of both the types of potting media , it came to the notice that the sand , soil and compost combinations are fairly better for raising D. sissoo than the charcoal , rice husk and compost. The seedlings achieved significantly better growth , biomass and quality parameters when raised in sand , soil and compost than when raised in the potting mixture containing charcoal and rice husk. For the species like Dalbergia sissoo which is known to be a species of sandy alluvium soil , the ingredients like sand , soil and compost should be encouraged in the potting medium for raising in nursery.

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K. Shukla

Abstract

Seedling quality is a key factor in the success of any tree plantation programme, which ultimately depends upon the ischolar_main system. Root trainers are increasingly being used to deal with the problem of ischolar_main coiling and distortion commonly encountered in polybag grown seedlings. Due to the lack of species specific results for Indian conditions and species, ischolar_main trainers are still at the initial stage of use in Indian nurseries. In the present investigation, a multivariate approach has been adopted to find out the right size/volume and type of ischolar_main trainer for raising Dalbergia sissoo seedlings in the nursery. Root trainers of various type and cell sizes like Hiko trays 90 cc, 150 cc, 300 cc, Book type 200 cc and single cell bullet type 290 cc were tried and the growth and biomass production of D. sissoo seedlings in 3 months time period was studied. The quality parameters of seedlings in various treatments were figured out. The seedlings raised under different size and type of ischolar_main trainers were also observed in the field for two consecutive years. Though the Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume scored maximum points in respect of seedling quality parameters upto the nursery stage, field performance of Hiko tray 150 cc volume was found the best. The Hiko tray 150 cc cell volume raised seedlings achieved maximum plant height and collar diameter after field planting although the performance of Hiko tray 300 cc and 150 cc cell volume was statistically at par in respect offield survival. The results have indicated that though the nursery stage growth performance has scored maximum points in respect of Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume due to greater space available for the ischolar_main system, the field performance of 150 cc volume is significantly better than the 300 cc one. Thus the Hiko tray 150 cc volume is the best size/volume and type of ischolar_main trainer for raising D. sissoo seedlings in nursery. The Hiko tray 300 cc volume comes out in the second category.

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S. A. Ansari , H. S. Ginwal , Pramod Kumar , Sanjay Singh

Abstract

No abstract

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K Shukla

Abstract

Root trainers are increasingly being used to deal with the problem of ischolar_main coiling in polybag grown seedlings. However, the technology has not been standardized for most of the tropical tree species. In a multivariate investigation involving 5 type of ischolar_main trainers namely Hiko pots 90 cc, 150 cc, 300 cc, Book type 200 cc, and Single cell bullet type 290 cc, growth performance of Acacia nilotica seedlings was assessed on the basis of seedling quality parameters. The performance of the seedlings was also assessed in the field for two years.The seedlings raised in 300 cc Hiko pots performed the best in nursery as well as in the field. However, the performance of Hiko tray 150 cc cell volume and Single cell 290 cc appeared statistically equal with the Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume after two years field performance of seedlings. The results are indicative that, though Hiko trays 300 cc cell volume is the best size and type of ischolar_main trainer for A. nilotica, however, when there is a space constraint in nursery and the objective is to raise more number of seedlings per unit area of the nursery space, the Hiko tray 150 cc volume is equally good.

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K. Shukla

Abstract

The containerized seedling production technology , especially the ischolar_main trainers , is dependent upon suitable growing media for raising quality seedlings in nurseries. Due to lack of species specific results for Indian conditions and species , the use of ischolar_main trainers is still in the initial stage. In the present investigation , experiments were carried out to findout the proper combination of sand , soil , compost and combinations of charcoal , rice husk and compost as a organic medium , to be used as growing media under ischolar_main trainers for raising A. nilotica seedlings. The growth , biomass production of Acacia nilotica seedlings in 3 months period was studied and the quality parameters of seedlings raised in various treatments (Potting mixture combinations) were figured out. In respect of sand , soil and compost , combination of sand and compost in the ratio of 1:4 (20% sand + 80% compost) produced the best results and scored maximum points in respect of quality parameters. Testing the organic ingredients , combination of charcoals and compost in the ratio of 1:4 (20% charcoal + 80% compost) was another good growing medium. Thus two potting mixtures with different ingredients were standardized. The results on use of pure compost as a potting medium were not very much appreciable. The compost is required to be supplemented with 20% charcoal or 20% sand for making it more effective in raising Acacia nilotica seedlings. Improper choice of potting mixture may result in poor quality seedling production in nurseries.

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N. S. K. Harsh , H. K. Gupta , H. S. Ginwal

Abstract

No abstract

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Mohit Gera , Neelu Gera , H. S. Ginwal

Abstract

Ten provenances/seed sources of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Scattered over a vide range of its natural occurrence were studied for germination, nursery and early field performance. Significant variations among the provenances were observed in parameters, viz., germination per cent, seedling height and collar diameter, and field height and survival per cent. Variations for most of the traits studied were non-clinal type, except seed germination per cent, which showed significant negative correlation with altitude. Low germination among the seeds of higher elevation populations was found to be due to higher dormancy existing in these seedlots. The inverse relationship observed between seed germination percent and field height and collar diameter seems to be the result of poor germination due to dormancy existing in higher elevation seed sources. Such relationship may not be observed if the seeds are properly treated before sowing. The provenance T9 (Oachghat, Solan), Tl (Kukrail, Lucknow) and T4 (Orai, U.P.) were found to be more vigorous on the basis of field performance and can be used for meeting the immediate seed requirement for afforestation programmes.

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Mohit Gera , H. S. Ginwal , R. L. Srivastava

Abstract

A field screening trial of seventeen different multi-purpose tree species was conducted with the objective to identify best adaptable species with desirable characters that could be used in various afforestation, Agroforestry and Social Forestry programmes for semi-arid regions of Central India. The species evaluated were Azadirachta indica, Bauhinia variegata, Eucalyptus F.R.I.-4, Albizia procera, emblica officinalis, Pongamia pinnata, Gmelina arborea, Dalbergia sissoo, Dendrocalamus strictus, Albizia lebbek, Eucalyptus F.R.I.-5, Acacia benthami, Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectono grandis, and Acacia catechu, Results suggested that Gmelina arborea, Azadirachta indica and Leucaena leucocephala were among the fastest growing species with maximum MAI (Mean Annual Increment) making them promising candidate, for Agro and Social Forestry plantations. Acacia catechu, Albizia procera, Bauhinia variegata, Tectona grandis and Acacia benthami showed slow growth. Tectona grandis and gmelina arborea species were found to be promising species for maximum survival. However Eucalyptus F.R.I.-5,Acacia auriculiformis and Bauhinia variegata are poorly adapted to the region (on the basis of survival).

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , Mohit Gera , Neelu Gera , R. L. Srivastava

Abstract

Seed germination pattern of 30 provenances belonging to 5 subspecies of A. nilotica namely tomentosa, indica var. jaquemontii, indica var. cuppressiformis, nilotica, and indica from 5 countries namely India, Sudan, Pakistan, Yemen and Senegal were studied in nursery conditions. Provenances of A. nilotica from Pakistan showed a very good performance and depicted a parabolic (asymptotic) type of germination curve. However subsp. indica var. cuppressiformis from Pune (Maharashtra, India) gave maximum percentage of seed germination (75%). Significantly a good correlation was evident between cumulative seed germination&number of days elapsed. Relative delay in the initiation of seed germination was found maximum in provenances of subsp. tomentosa and subsp. nilotica.

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H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , R. C. Dubey , R. P. Singh

Abstract

Occurrence and infection intensity of Loranthus spp. On four species of Quercus viz. Q. floribunda,Q. lanuginose, Q. leucotrichophora and Q. semecarpifolia were studied in Naintal of Kumaun Himalaya. Occurrence of the parasite was maximum in Q. floribunda and minimum in Q. lanuginosa. In no case Q. semecarpifolia was found infected. Infected was absent in seedling and saplings but manifested with increasing severity with tree age.

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Sneha Dobhal , H. S. Ginwal , M. Ayoub Dar

Abstract

No Abstract

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Sneha Dobhal , H. S. Ginwal

Abstract

No Abstract

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Sneha Dobhal ¹, H. S. Ginwal ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Genetics and Tree Propogation, Forest Research Institute University, Dehradun-243195, IN

Abstract

The most essential principal in the modern molecular biology is extraction of DNA with a desirable quantity and quality and this achievement could be the main necessity for every genetic study. DNA extraction is obviously difficult because of negative effects obtained from carbohydrates, tannins, polyphenols and proteins. Extraction of DNA from Quercus leucotricophora, was conducted by four different methods. The most value of qualified DNA extracted from young leaf tissue was 629.9 to 1412.1 ng/μl by the method applied by Doyle and Doyle and Stange and his associates with some modifications. Accordingly above method is recommended for DNA extraction from young leaves of Quercus leucotricophora.

Keywords

DNA, Extraction, Quercus leucotricophora.

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