Informatics Publishing Limited

Yang Liu ¹, Xian-Yong Meng ¹, Zhi-Hui Liu ², Dan-Lin Yu ³

Affiliations
1 School of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, CN
2 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, 830046, CN
3 Department of Earth & Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, US

Abstract

Mountain flood that causes landslide and other geological disasters can damage the fragile ecological environment in mountain areas. In this paper, threshold and distribution model of accumulated temperature based on snowmelt flood magnitude are designed in mountainous watershed. Meanwhile, input data for this model make use of ample reliable data that include remote sensing and so on. In detail, this model simulates the average watershed temperature by using the meteorologic re-analysis data of the National Center for Atmospheric Research and calculates the average snow depth by using hyperspectral remote sensing data. In addition, the model related data comprise long-term observation experiments of the watershed, including the characteristics of accumulated snow and result of correlation between runoff and infiltration in runoff simulation experiment through distributed hydrological models (i.e., Soil and Water Assessment Tool and Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model). Finally, the average accumulated temperature of the watershed that causes snowmelt flood can be obtained through the aforementioned method, and the characteristics of the accumulated temperature distribution of the watershed area are determined based on the temperature lapse rate. The characteristics of accumulated temperature distribution can provide decision-making reference for monitoring the ecological environment in mountain areas and preventing and reducing disasters.

Keywords

Inverse Hydrological Problem, Flood Magnitude, Cropland Environment, Accumulated Temperature, Distribution, Accumulated Temperature, Threshold.

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Yue-jian Wang ¹, Du Jing ², Liu Yang ¹, Zhi-hui Liu ³

Affiliations
1 School of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830054, CN
2 School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, CN
3 Institute of Ecology & Environment of Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, CN

Abstract

The physical based hydrologic model based on grid-scale for water resources management (WYJ) was applied into the Ebinur Lake basin in Xinjiang Province, China. Several physical parameters were considered in this model and calculated based on the physical properties by combination with GIS tools. We have considered the warm-up period in order to reduce the error accoused by the uncertainty produced from the physical model. After the calibration and validation of the model, the results showed that the model was able to simulating the basin hydrological processes with high efficiency especially in ground surface. The N-S efficiency coefficient was once exceeded 0.85 in simulation periods and R2 can also reach 0.92. We can draw a conclusion that this physical model can be applied into the Ebinur Lake basin and can provided for decision making for the government.

Keywords

Water Resource Management, Hydrologic Model, GIS, Grid-Scale, Ebinur Lake Basin.

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Cheng-Zhi Li ¹, Yan Zhang ², Zhi-Hui Liu ¹, Xianyong Meng ³, Jing Du ⁴

Affiliations
1 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, CN
2 School of Educational Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, CN
3 School of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, CN
4 School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, CN

Abstract

With development of economy and modern socialization, the daily yield of household solid waste becomes a serious problem nowadays. To dispose of these solid wastes, people should collect the wastes and transport to municipal solid waste treatment plant to handle it. Usually, municipal solid waste (MSW) collection can account for more than 70% costs in the total MSW management system, and most of these costs are fuel costs. As we know, the emissions from vehicles contribute acid rain and global warming a lot in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to find an optimal solution to reduce the emission and minimize the fuel consumption. By applying systems engineering methods, some models can be designed and modified to simulate the routes for collecting and transporting the MSW in the major urban area, in order to get an optimal solution which can achieve the goal of reducing fuel consumption from transportation and emission. In this study, an optimization for MSW collection routing using 3D GIS modeling is reviewed to get some new knowledge and idea. The main purpose of this study is to introduce a successful example and methodology which is used to optimize the MSW collection routing system, and design a model to find an optimal solution to minimize the fuel consumption and reduce the emissions in one area of St. John's, Newfoundland, by applying systems engineering methods.

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste, MSW Collection Routing, 3D GIS Model, Systems Engineering.

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Xian-Yong Meng ¹, Xiao-Nan Ji ², Zhi-Hui Liu ³, Xi Chen ⁴, Shi-Feng Fang ⁵

Affiliations
1 School of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, CN
2 Jiang An Campus of Sichuan University, College of Architecture and Environment, Chengdu, 6102075, CN
3 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, CN
4 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi 830011, CN
5 LREIS, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, CN

Abstract

A major proportion of discharge in the Juntanghu river basin is contributed by its glacier-fed river and snow catchments situated in northern mid-slope of Tianshan Mountain, Northwest China. The Mann-Kendall trend test based on the 50 years data (1961 to 2011) were used for analysis of the climate change trends and the application of the SWAT model under different climate change scenarios show that watershed hydrological cycle would alter under different climatic scenarios. This suggests that the reservoirs will be necessary for large flow storage to meet the need of the flood control, water supply, etc.

Keywords

Snowmelt Runoff, SWAT Analysis, Climate Change Effect, Tianshan Mountain.

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