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A. N. Shukla , Y. P. Singh

Abstract

Blue pine (Pinus wallichiana A.B. Jackson) which occurs naturally in the temperate zone of Central and Western Himalayas, is attacked by dwarf mistletoe. It is a disease of low rainfall area and known only from Western Himalayas in Pakistan, Jammu & Kashmir in India and Nepal. A survey was conducted in 2005-2006 in different forest divisions of Kashmir Valley and Jammu. Symptoms and disease intensity were recorded in different girth classes of Blue pine. In young plants, spindle shaped swellings in the infected branches was the most prominent symptom. Mature tree showed deformity of branches and poor crown. There was a linear relationship between increasing girth and disease intensity, for example, only 48 per cent infection was recorded in < 30 cm girth class, while 100 per cent trees were infected in 111-200 cm girth class and above.

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B. M. Misra , S. N. Khan , Y. P. Singh

Abstract

White spongy ischolar_main-rot of Paulownia fortunei was observed in plantations raised at New Forest trial plantation and Doiwala Social Forestry plantation, Dehra Dun. Affected trees showed die-back symptom besides white cottony mycelium on bark of diseased ischolar_mains. The causal organism was identified as Heteroporus biennis (Bull. ex Fries) Bull. Pathogenicity test established the relationship of the ischolar_main-rot fungus with the disease. Field assessment of the ischolar_main-rot was also carried out in the plantation at New Forest, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun.

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Y. P. Singh , S. N. Khan , D. N. Joshi

Abstract

No abstract

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N. S. Bisht , Y. P. Singh , N. S. K. Harsh

Abstract

To study the mycological wealth of Kumaun Himalayas, extensive surveys were conducted. The common edible, poisonous, ectomycorrhizal, fungicolous, rare, wood-decaying fungi and their commercial uses are discussed. In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of fungi for fungal diversity has also been suggested.

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V. Mohan , Y. P. Singh

Abstract

Most woody plants depend on mycorrhizal fungi for their survival. Among the different mycorrhizal fungi, Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi are widely distributed in varied ecosystems including arid and semi-arid deserts and associated with many plant species. An intensive survey was conducted to study the status of VAM fungal associations in Acacia spp. viz., A.nilotica sub species indica and A.tortilis sub species raddiana of various forest nurseries and plantations in arid zone of Rajasthan. The extent of VAM colonization in ischolar_mains and spore populations in rhizosphere soils were quantified. Variation in per cent ischolar_main colonization and number of VAM propagules in the rhizoshpere of both nursery and plantation samples was observed. Also, mean number of VAM propagules and per cent ischolar_main colonization were greater in plantation samples than in nursery samples. Spores from the rhizosphere soils were isolated and tentatively identified as different species of Glomus, Gigaspora and Sclerocystis genera of endomycorrhizal fungi. Among these genera, Glomus is dominant in the rhizosphere of both the tree species screened. The most predominant VAM fungi were multiplied for future nursery inoculations.

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S. P. Ahlawat , S. K. Sharma , Y. P. Singh

Abstract

Past fifty years have witnessed the development and refinement of storage conditions for seeds and other plant parts as a measure of forest tree germplasm conservation. During the last two decades the quest for genetic resource conservation has reached to such a level that existing methodologies require development of an innovative and reliable technology package for the genetic resource preservation. Techniques of in-vitro conservation hold enormous potential, however, extensive and systematic efforts to refine them into technology are needed. To date the research had mainly confined to the temperate species. Tropical forest genetic wealth which is under serious threat of depletion/extinction needs special attention for the development of in-vitro conservation strategies. The paper briefly discuss the recent approaches like in-vitro and cryopreservation technology for genetic conservation ofvaluahle plant resources and highlighted their important role in forest trees.

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V. Mohan , Neelam Verma , Y. P. Singh

Abstract

Occurrence of VAM fungi is ubiquitous and are found in most ecosystems including arid- and semi-arid deserts. A survey for collection of ischolar_mains and rhizosphere soil samples of neem from various Forest Department nurseries and plantations in arid zone of Rajasthan revealed variation in per cent ischolar_main infection and number of VAM propagules in the rhizosphere soil samples. It has been observed that mean number of VAM fungal propagules and per cent ischolar_main infection were greater in plantation samples than in nursery samples. Different VAM fungi have been isolated, of which the genus Glomus is dominant with an exception of Sclerocystis in plantations. Among the Glomus spp., G. fasciculatum is the most predominant one in both nursery and plantation. The significance of these findings is discussed.

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Y. P. Singh ¹, Arvind Singh Tomar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Govt. Women’s Polytechnic College, Sagar (M.P.), IN
2 Department of Physics, S.V. Polytechnic College, Bhopal (M.P.), IN

Abstract

Our present work reports the IR spectra of amino substituted Benzoic Acids recorded by FTIR spectrometer and also simulated theoretically. The simulation was performed using GF matrix and AM1, PM3, DFT method. In this work following steps were taken: optimizing the geometry, computing the IR spectra and comparing it with experimental spectra. Assuming C_s point symmetry, vibrational assignments for the observed frequencies have been proposed. The spectra exhibit distinct features originating from low frequency vibrational modes caused by intra-molecular motion.

Keywords

O-Amino Benzoic Acid, M-Amino Benzoic Acid, P-Amino Benzoic Acid, FTIR Spectra, Vibrational Spectra, AM1, PM3, DFT, G-F Matrix.

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Neha Gupta ¹, Suresh Chandra Bhatt ¹, Arti Rani ¹, R. B. Sibal ¹, Y. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Temperature and Humidity Standards, National Physical Laboratory, Dr K.S Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, IN

Abstract

Thermocouple is one of the most important and widely used temperature sensors in the research and industrial applications. Pt/Pd thermocouple is now a days becoming attraction of researchers to find its applications as a high temperature sensor. Investigation has been made, using tungsten strip lamp, a primary standard of non-contact thermometry, whose temperature correspondence was measured in terms of photoelectric current with the help of photoelectric linear pyrometer Photoelectric pyrometer has been used as a transfer standard for conferring the temperature of spherical blackbody furnace, which was used to measure the temperature of both Pt/Pd and type-S thermocouples in terms of their electromotive force by contact thermometry. Experimental results have shown the utmost linearity among two techniques used and also the advance characteristics of Pt/Pd thermocouple over type-S thermocouple in a high temperature range from 800 °C to 1300 °C. The uncertainty in the comparison from various sources was found to be within ±1.4 °C.

Keywords

Pt/Pd Thermocouple, Type-S Thermocouple, Pyrometer Blackbody Source, Tungsten Strip Lamp.

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Arti Rani ¹, Neha Gupta ¹, Suresh Chandra Bhatt ¹, Y. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Temperature and Humidity Standards, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, IN

Abstract

In the present study a comparison between two different thermal sources maintaining near blackbody conditions has been carried out in the range from 50 °C to 500 °C. An infrared radiation pyrometer of make Land Pyrometer, Japan was used as a transfer standard to measure the temperature of blackbodies. The expanded uncertainty in the estimation of temperature of the radiating source in the above range of measurement was evaluated to be within ±1.03 °C, which shows that the radiation temperature sources are suitable for calibration of infrared total radiation pyrometers and thermal imaging devices in the operational range from 50 °C to 500 °C for laboratory and other industrial applications.

Keywords

IR-Radiation Pyrometer, Thermocouple, Blackbody Source & Emissivity.

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