Informatics Publishing Limited

Ramya Nair ¹, Winkins Santosh ¹, Barathi Seetharaman ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Toxicology Laboratory (EDART), School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai – 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: Laccase enzyme has proven to be an excellent catalyst for the degradation of dioxin into less toxic metabolites. In the present study, submerged culture conditions of Pleurotus florida were optimized by Taguchi design of experiments (DOE) for enhanced laccase production and 2, 3-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2, 3-DCDD) degradation. Methods/Statistical Analysis: An orthogonal array layout of L-8 (2⁷) was constructed using Qualitek-4 software with seven influential factors at two levels with “bigger is better” quality character. Findings: At individual levels, copper showed maximum effect and at the interactive level RPM accounted for more than 90 % of the severity index (SI) with duration. The optimized conditions: nitrogen 0.2 mM; copper 0.04 mM; pH 5.5; temperature 25ºC, inoculum size 10% w/v, RPM 120 and 30 days duration predicted an increase of laccase production by 24.4% (621.36 U to 773.04 U) and dioxin (initial concentration of 10 ppm) degradation by 20.2% (83.1% to 100%). The validation experiments confirmed an improvement of laccase production by 21.5% and exhibited complete degradation of 2, 3-DCDD. Application: This is the first report on parametric optimization of laccase production by P. florida by Taguchi DOE and its utilization for complete degradation of chlorinated dioxin molecules. The optimized process parameters can be adopted for the large-scale production of laccase for bioremediation of dioxin.

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Ananth Sanjana ¹, Kumaraguru Sanjana ¹, Ananthasubramanian Poornima ², Seetharaman Barathi ³, Winkins Santosh ⁴, Ramasamy Vasantharekha ¹

Affiliations
1 Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur − 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur − 603203, Tamil Nadu
3 Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Toxicology (EDART) Laboratory, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur − 603203, Tamil Nadu., IN
4 PG & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Government Arts College for Men, Nandanam, Chennai − 600035, Tamil Nadu., IN

Abstract

Objective: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a neuroendocrine and metabolic disorder with multifaceted etiology, prevailing in women who are of reproductive age, rendering dwindling conception rates and escalating infertility rates worldwide. The etiology of PCOS is unresolved, potentially caused due to a mixture of genetic and environmental factors supported by components of diet and lifestyle manifested in women as an endocrine and metabolic disorder. Recent advancements have however thrown light on the influence of the gut-brain axis and the Gut Micro-Biome (GMB) on various body functions. Endocrine, immune and metabolic dysfunctions, portrayed by abnormal steroidogenesis and gut-induced inflammation, influenced by dysbiosis of the gut, provides a plausible role to the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) mimic endogenous hormones and interfere with homeostasis. EDCs can have a significant impact on the health of women, in particular with PCOS, owing to its increasing link with estrogen, testosterone, and weight gain and glucose metabolism. Methods: A thorough search was conducted onelectronic databases. Relevant literature, obtained through the search, were studied and summarized to address the effects of EDCs on the gutmicrobiome and PCOS and the associated metabolic comorbidities. Conclusion: GMB is associated with various metabolic disorders inching towards comprehensive development of metabolic syndromes, thereby increasing risks of developing chronic obesity, infertility, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, and gynaecological cancers. Influence of EDCs on the gut-brain axis and there by the pathophysiology of PCOS, and the bifacial alliance between GMB and PCOS involving endocrine, immune and metabolic mechanisms open up a novel avenue in managing the effect of EDCs in PCOS women worldwide.

Keywords

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Gut Microbiome, Metabolic Comorbidities, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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