Refine your search
Co-Authors
- Jithin Raj
- Hareesh Bahuleyan
- Lelitha Devi Vanajakshi
- M. Ramya
- K. Kowsalya
- R. Ananthakumar
- S. Kannu Durai
- M. Yogeshwar Reddy
- Ch. Kista Reddy
- N. Venugopal
- G. Saravanana
- M. V. Suryanarayana
- B. Shyam Sunder
- R. Surendranath Reddy
- G. Raju
- S. M. Shantakumar
- M. Bhagavanraju
- M. Dilip Kumar
- G. Saravanan
- Debashish Datta
- Y. Suresh
- M. Suryanarayana
- B. Raju
- P. Mehulkumar
- V. Vinay Kumar
- R. Srinivas
- Prakash V. Diwan
- P. Subbaiah
- K. Sangeetha Supriya
- Rajalakshmi Rai
- Teresa Joy
- P. J. Jiji
- Vandana Blossom
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Ramesh, V.
- Soft Computing-Based Traffic Density Estimation Using Automated Traffic Sensor Data under Indian Conditions
Abstract Views :383 |
PDF Views:161
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, IN
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 05 (2017), Pagination: 954-964Abstract
Traffic density is an indicator of congestion and the present study explores the use of data-driven techniques for real time estimation and prediction of traffic density. Data-driven techniques require large database, which can be achieved only with the help of automated sensors. However, the available automated sensors developed for western traffic may not work for heterogeneous and lane-less traffic. Hence, the performance of available automated sensors was evaluated first to identify the best inputs to be used for the chosen application. Using the selected data, implementation was carried out and the results obtained were promising, indicating the possibility of using the proposed methodology for real time traveller information under such traffic conditions.Keywords
Automated Traffic Sensors, Artificial Neural Network, k-Nearest Neighbour, Traffic Density.Full Text
- Mitigating Link Failures & Implementing Security Mechanism in Multipath Flows for Data Plane Resources
Abstract Views :259 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Klasalingam Institute of Technology, Krishnan koil, IN
1 Department of Computer Science, Klasalingam Institute of Technology, Krishnan koil, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 7, No 5 (2016), Pagination: 2876-2881Abstract
The transmission of a traffic flows with a certain bandwidth demand over a single network path is either not possible or not cost-effective. In these cases, it is veritably periodic usable to improve focus the network's bandwidth appliance by breaking the traffic flow upon multiple qualified paths. Using multiple paths for the equivalent traffic flow increases the certainty of the network, it absorbs deluxe forwarding resources from the network nodes and also it overcomes link failure provide security. In this paper, we illustrate several problems related to splitting a traffic flow over multiple paths while minimizing the absorption of forwarding resources mitigates failures and implementing security.Keywords
RMO (Routing with Minimum Overhead, DMO (Decomposition with Minimum Overhead), MPC (Multiple Routing Configuration), OSPF (Open Shortest Path).Full Text
- Multi Owner Data Sharing and Outsourced Revocation Using Identity Based Encryption on Cloud
Abstract Views :266 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
K. Kowsalya
1,
V. Ramesh
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kalasalingam Institute of Technology, Krishnan Koil, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kalasalingam Institute of Technology, Krishnan Koil, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 7, No 5 (2016), Pagination: 2899-2903Abstract
Cloud computing is an economical and effective solution for sharing group resource among cloud users. Unfortunately, sharing data in a multi-owner manner while protect data and identity privacy from an un trusted cloud is still a challenging issue, due to the recurrent change of the membership.The major aims of this method a secure multi-owner data sharing scheme.That is any user in the group can securely share data with others by un trusted cloud. Moreover, the real identities of data owners can be exposed by the group manager when disputes occur. User revocation can be achieved by a novel revocation list and no need to update the secret Keys of the remaining users.The drawback of IBE is computation over head. To overcome the drawback introduces outsourcing computation.Keywords
Cloud Computing, Revocation, Multi Owner Data Sharing, Identity Based Encryption.Full Text
- Deriving Differential Unit Test Cases from System Test Cases
Abstract Views :200 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kalasalingam Institute of Technology, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kalasalingam Institute of Technology, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 4, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 1674-1679Abstract
Differential testing works by creating test suites for both the original system and the modified system and contrasting both versions of the system with these two suites. Differential testing is made possible by recent advances in automated unit test generation. The differential unit testing is one where developers would like to generate tests that exhibit the behavioral differences between the two versions, if any differences exist. Differential unit tests (DUT) are a combination of unit and system tests. DUTs retain some of the advantages of unit tests, can be automatically and inexpensively generated, and have the potential for revealing faults related to intricate system executions. Some examples of differential unit testing include regression testing, N-version testing, and mutation testing. Differential testing discovered 21%, 34%, and 21% more behavior changes using regression testing techniques than using regression testing alone.Keywords
Differential Unit Testing, System Testing, Test Cases, Unit Testing.Full Text
- The Quantitative Determination of Process Related Genotoxic Impurities in Esomeprazole Magnesium by GC-MS
Abstract Views :281 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. Yogeshwar Reddy
1,
V. Ramesh
2,
Ch. Kista Reddy
3,
N. Venugopal
1,
G. Saravanana
1,
M. V. Suryanarayana
1,
B. Shyam Sunder
1,
R. Surendranath Reddy
1,
G. Raju
2
Affiliations
1 Matrix Laboratoires Ltd., R&D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak, 502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
1 Matrix Laboratoires Ltd., R&D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak, 502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 898-901Abstract
A sensitive Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method is developed and validated for the determination of residuals 2-Chloromethyl-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl pyridine HCl (2), 2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine Noxide (3), 4-Nitro-2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine N-oxide (4) and 4-Methoxy-2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine N-oxide (5) are genotoxic impurities in Esomeprazole magnesium (1) drug substance. Under the optimal conditions, the recovery for 2, 3, 4, and 5 are between 109.4% to 116.8%, 99.9% to 107.6%, 96.0% to 104.1%, and 87.4% to 105.2% for spiked samples at limits of quantification (LOQ) level in sample preparation. Limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) are about 5 ppm and 1.5 ppm for the standard solutions of 2, 3, 4, and 5. The linearity values are 0.9989, 0.9968, 0.9988, and 0.9999 for 2, 3, 4, and 5. Based on these results, the method is applied to determine the residual genotoxic impurities are, 2-Chloro methyl-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl pyridine HCl (2), 2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine Noxide (3), 4-Nitro-2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine N-oxide (4) and 4-Methoxy-2,3,5-Trimethyl pyridine N-oxide (5) in Esomeprazole magnesium (1) drug substance.
Keywords
Esomeprazole Magnesium, Single Ion Monitoring, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.
- Validated Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Process Related Genotoxic Impurity in Lansoprazole
Abstract Views :255 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. Yogeshwar Reddy
1,
V. Ramesh
2,
Ch. Kista Reddy
3,
N. Venugopal
1,
G. Saravanana
1,
M. V. Suryanarayana
1,
B. Shyam Sunder
1,
R. Surendranath Reddy
1,
G. Raju
2
Affiliations
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R&D Centre, Jinnaram, Medak, 502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R&D Centre, Jinnaram, Medak, 502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 965-967Abstract
An LC-MS method for the simultaneous determination of process related impurity of 2-Chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-(2, 2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) pyridine Hydrochloride (CMTP, 1) and RP-LC method for the routine determination of 1 in Lansoprazole (2) was presented. In LC-MS, Hypersil BDS C-18 (150 X 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used with mobile phase containing buffer (0.01 M ammonium acetate), acetonitrile, and methanol in 50:45:5 v/v ratios. The flow rate was 0.8 mL min-1 and elution was monitored at 205 nm. LC analysis of 1 was done on Synergi polar RP-80A (250 X 4.6 mm, 4 μm) column using mobile phase containing buffer (0.1% triethyl amine) and acetonitrile in 65:35 v/v ratio. The flow rate was 0.8 mL min-1 and elution was monitored at 205 nm. Both methods were validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. LC-MS is able to quantitate up to 0.9 ppm, whereas with RP-LC up to 30 ppm of 1 could be quantitated.Keywords
Lansoprazole, Column Liquid Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.- Synthesis and Evaluation of Some New Benzofuran Derivative for Antimicrobial Activity
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, K.L.E University, Belgaum-590010, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, V.L. College of Pharmacy, Raichur-584101, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, K.L.E University, Belgaum-590010, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, V.L. College of Pharmacy, Raichur-584101, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 1009-1013Abstract
Most of the diseases in the current scenario are found to be due to infections caused by microbes like bacteria, fungi, rickettsia, etc. Many antibiotics have been discovered till date for treatment of such diseases but most of them are associated with superinfection, development of resistance, destruction of normal non pathogenic bacterial flora and selective toxicity like aplastic anemia, kidney damage etc. The present study is based upon preparation of antibiotics with high potency, specificity and less toxicity. Benzofuran derivatives are widely distributed in nature and they have been shown to have very interesting pharmacological activities like, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti fungal. When one biologically active molecule is linked to another, the resultant molecule generally has increased potency. Hence in the present study the two pharmacophores, benzofuran and Mercaptotriazoles are fused to obtain highly potent, more specific and less toxic antibiotics.Keywords
Antifungal Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Depressant, Analgesic Activity, Hypoglycemic Activity.- The Face of the Sky for May and June 1913
Abstract Views :228 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 5, No 2 (1913), Pagination: 63-63Abstract
The Face of the Sky for May and June 1913.- The Face of the Sky for July and August 1913
Abstract Views :231 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 5, No 3 (1913), Pagination: 107-107Abstract
The Face of the Sky for July and August 1913.- The Face of the Sky for November and December 1913
Abstract Views :254 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 5, No 6 (1913), Pagination: 221-222Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* The Planets.
- The Face of the Sky for May and June 1914
Abstract Views :245 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 6, No 2 (1914), Pagination: 63-64Abstract
* The Sun.
* Phases of the Moon.
* Planets.
- The Pace of the Sky for July and August 1914
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 6, No 3 (1914), Pagination: 106-107Abstract
* nPhases of the Moon.
* Eclipses.
* The Planets.
- The Face of the Sky for November and December 1914
Abstract Views :264 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 6, No 5 (1914), Pagination: 181-181Abstract
* The Sun.
* Phases of the Moon.
* Planets.
- The Face of the Sky for January and February 1915
Abstract Views :214 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 6, No 6 (1914), Pagination: 223-224Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* Eclipses.
* The Planets.
- Face of the Sky for February and March
Abstract Views :216 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 1 (1911), Pagination: 27-28Abstract
Mercury attains its greatest elongation (W) on February 2. It is in conjunction with Uranus on February 10, with the Moon on February 27 and March 31. It is in superior conjunction with the San on March 20 and so, until that date, is a morning star.- On the Face of the Sky for April and May
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 2 (1911), Pagination: 78-79Abstract
*Phases of the Moon.
* Planets.
* Solar Eclipse.
- On the Face of the Sky for June and July
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 3 (1911), Pagination: 117-119Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* The Sun.
* Planets.
* Meteor Showers.
- On the Face of the Sky for August and September
Abstract Views :233 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 4 (1911), Pagination: 153-154Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* The Sun.
* The Planets.
- The Face of the Sky for October and November 1911
Abstract Views :244 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 5 (1911), Pagination: 195-197Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* Planets.
* Eclipses.
* Meteors.
- The Face of the Sky for December 1911 and January 1912
Abstract Views :254 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 3, No 6 (1911), Pagination: 238-239Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* Sun.
* Planets.
- The Face of the Sky for February, March and April 1912
Abstract Views :238 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 4, No 1 (1912), Pagination: 23-24Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* Sun.
* Planets.
- The Pace of the Sky for May and June 1912
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Vol 4, No 2 (1912), Pagination: 61-62Abstract
* Phases of the Moon.
* The Sun.
* The Planets.
- A Sensitive and Selective GC-MS Method for the Determination of Process Related Genotoxic Impurities in Esomeprazole Magnesium
Abstract Views :241 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. Yogeshwar Reddy
1,
V. Ramesh
2,
Ch. Kista Reddy
3,
M. V. Suryanarayana
1,
M. Dilip Kumar
1,
G. Raju
2,
G. Saravanan
1,
Debashish Datta
1
Affiliations
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R and D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak-502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R and D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak-502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 3, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 395-397Abstract
A sensitive gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) method is developed and validated for the determination of the residues p-Anisidine and 4-Methoxy-2-nitro aniline as genotoxic impurities in Esomeprazole magnesium drug substance.Keywords
GC-MS, Esomeprazole, Selected Ion Monitoring.- Low-Level Determination of Residual 4-Bromo Methyl-2'-Cyanobiphenyl in Valsartan by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. Yogeshwar Reddy
1,
V. Ramesh
2,
Ch. Kista Reddy
3,
N. Venugopal
1,
G. Saravanan
1,
Y. Suresh
1,
M. Suryanarayana
1,
Debashish Datta
1,
B. Raju
2
Affiliations
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R and D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak-502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
1 Matrix Laboratories Ltd., R and D Centre, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak-502325, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, P.G. College of Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 3, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 407-410Abstract
A Liquid chromatographic (LC) method using mass spectrometric (MS) detection was developed and validated for the trace analysis (ppm level) of 4-Bromo methyl-2'-Cyanobiphenyl in Valsartan drug substances. LC analysis of 4-Bromo methyl-2'-Cyanobiphenyl was done on Necleosil C18 (100 mm×4.6 mm, 3 μm) column and the mobile phase is in the ratio of 50:50:1 containing water, acetonitrile, and acetic acid. The flow rate was 1.0 mL min-1 and the elution was monitored at 225 nm. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. LC-MS is able to quantitate up to 1.0 ppm of 4-Bromo methyl-2'-cyanobiphenyl.Keywords
Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry Valsartan.- Simultaneous Spectroscopic Estimation of Amlodipine Besylate and Olmesartan Medoximil in Tablet Dosage Form
Abstract Views :244 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad-500 037, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
3 Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad-500 037, IN
2 National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
3 Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 2, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 127-130Abstract
A simple, accurate and precise spectroscopic method was developed for simultaneous determination of Amlodipine besylate and Olmesartan medoximil in tablets using first derivative zero crossing method. Amlodipine showed zero crossing point at 237 nm while olmesartan showed zero crossing at 259 nm. The dA/dλ was measured at 259 nm for amlodipine and 237 nm for olmesartan and calibration curves were plotted as dA/dλ versus concentration, respectively. The method was found to be linear from 5 - 30 μg/mL for amlodipine (r2 ≥ 0.9999) at 259 nm and 5 - 30 μg mL-1 for olmesartan (r2 ≥0.9998) at 237 nm. The within day and between day variations showed coefficient of variation (CV%) values less than 1.5% for both drugs. The limit of detection was 0.06 and 0.14 μg/mL for amlodipine and olmesartan, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.18 and 0.43 μg/mL for amlodipine and olmesartan, respectively. The method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination both drug in tablet dosage form.Keywords
Amlodipine Besylate, Olmesartan Medoximil, Zero Crossing Method, Tablet Dosasge Form.- Performance Evaluation of Adaptive Rate Control (ARC) for Burst Traffic Over ATM Network
Abstract Views :204 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Sathyabama University, Chennai, IN
2 Veerabrahmendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Badvel, Kadapa Dt, AP, IN
3 Dept of IT, BVRIT, Narsapur, AP, IN
1 Sathyabama University, Chennai, IN
2 Veerabrahmendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Badvel, Kadapa Dt, AP, IN
3 Dept of IT, BVRIT, Narsapur, AP, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 1, No 4 (2010), Pagination: 224-229Abstract
Many research works have already been done for congestion control and resource management in ATM networks using static and dynamic algorithms. However, no comprehensive scheme has been suggested, which can claim optimized the resource allocations fulfilling the requirements of quality of services (QoS) for existing and incoming sources. The paper suggests a new approach, which would make the dynamic allocation of resources by controlling the input rate (λ), output/server rate (μ) and buffer size (χ) individually or in conjunction. The newly proposed approach with dynamical allocation of resources is much more comprehensive in nature and claims a shorter convergence time than the other previously suggested schemes based on similar dynamic allocation principle. In this paper we describe an Adaptive Rate Control (ARC) implemented to improve the performance of high-speed network to handle burst traffic by guaranteeing the cell loss ratio (CLR) for all cell streams. First, the cases in which a Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, SACK and Plain schemes are applicable in peak-cell-rate (PCR) are discussed. The ARC improves the performance by regulating the increment (up) and the decrease (down) of window size (flow control). Incoming traffic rate, number of cell drop, preset size of the window and estimated delay time are taken into account for this regulation. Simulations are used to investigate how Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, SACK and Plain can conduct, as congestion existed. Then we compare these results from four schemes to the “Plain” scheme (no flow control application) and to the proposed ARC. By altering windows size for the mentioned six schemes, we can obtain the supportive results.Keywords
ARC, Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, SACK, Sliding Windows, ATM network, Quality of Services (QoS), and Comprehensive Dynamic Control Algorithm.Full Text
- Therapeutic Potential of Pomegranate Juice In Wistar Rats Against Aluminium Induced Neurotoxicity
Abstract Views :188 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Anatomy, Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur, Puducherry – 605102, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore – 575001, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, American University of Antigua, Coolidge, AG
1 Department of Anatomy, Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur, Puducherry – 605102, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore – 575001, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, American University of Antigua, Coolidge, AG
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 28, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 357-364Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are the major challenges faced by the global health care system in recent years. It is a well-known fact that a number of environmental as well as lifestyle factors are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases and the contribution by aluminium (Al) plays a major role in this. A diet containing considerably high traces of Al may cause neurotoxicity leading to memory loss, impaired coordination as well as a cognitive disturbance. The present study is designed to evaluate the neuroprotective role of Pomegranate Juice (PJ) since it is rich in polyphenols that have antioxidant properties. We evaluated neurodegenerative changes induced by AlCl3 in the hippocampus of Wistar rats as well as cognitive changes displayed by them. Then compared it with that of PJ treated rats which were previously administered with AlCl3 . A significantly decreased (p<0.001) number of viable neurons were seen, in different regions of the hippocampus in the AlCl3 administered rats in comparison to the animals of the control group. However, the number of viable neurons significantly boosted (p<0.001) in PJ treated rat hippocampus. This suggests that neurotoxic changes induced by the aluminum can be ameliorated by treatment with PJ.Keywords
Aluminium Neurotoxicity, Hippocampus, Neurodegeneration, PomegranateReferences
- Bitra VR, Rapaka D, Mathala N, Akula A. Effect of wheat grass powder on aluminum induced Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar rats. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2014; 7:S278-S81. https://doi:10.1016/S1995- 7645(14)60246-7
- Maya S, Prakash T, Madhu KD, Goli D. Multifaceted effects of aluminium in neurodegenerative diseases: A review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016; 83:746-54. https://doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.035.
- Ruiz-Navarro F, Kobinia G. High Aluminum Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. MOJ Toxicol. 2017; 3(3):62-6. https://doi:10.15406/mojt.2017.03.00054
- Kumar V, Gill KD. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in aluminium neurotoxicity and its amelioration: a review. NeuroToxicology. 2014; 41:154-66. https://doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2014.02.004
- Zatta P, Lucchini R, van Rensburg SJ, Taylor A. The role of metals in neurodegenerative processes: aluminum, manganese, and zinc. Brain Res Bull. 2003; 62(1):15- 28. https://doi: 10.1016/s0361-9230(03)00182-5.
- Nampoothiri M, John J, Kumar N, Mudgal J, Nampurath GK, Chamallamudi MR. Modulatory role of simvastatin against aluminium chlorideinduced behavioural and biochemical changes in rats. Behav Neurol. 2015; 2015:1-9. https:// doi:10.1155/2015/210169
- Morzelle MC, Salgado JM, Telles M, Mourelle D, Bachiega P, Buck HS, et al. Neuroprotective effects of pomegranate peel extract after chronic infusion with amyloid-β peptide in mice. PLoS One. 2016; 11(11):e0166123. https://doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0166123
- Choi SJ, Lee J, Heo HJ, Cho HY, Kim HK, Kim C, Kim MO, Suh SH, Shin D. Punica granatum protects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells and oxidative stress-induced Alzheimer’s symptoms in mice. J Med Food. 2011; 14(7-8):695-701. https://doi:10.1089/ jmf.2010.1452.
- Chitra B, Ramaswamy R. An overview on the role of siddha practices in the prevention and management of age related neurodegenerative disorders with special reference to senile dementia. Indo Am J Pharm. 2015; 5(4):1510-21.
- Ridzwan N, Jumli MN, Baig AA, Rohin MAK. Pomegranate-derived anthocyanin regulates MORscAMP/CREB-BDNF pathways in opioid-dependent models and improves cognitive impairments. J Ayurveda Intgr Med. 2020; 11(4):478-88. https:// doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2019.12.001.
- Zghari O, Rezqaoui A, Ouakki S, Lamtai M, Chaibat J, Mesfioui A, et al. Effect of chronic aluminum administration on affective and cognitive behavior in male and female rats. J Behav Brain Sci. 2018; 8(4):179- 96. https://doi:10.4236/jbbs.2018.84012.
- Hartman RE, Shah A, Fagan AM, Schwetye KE, Parsadanian M, Schulman RN, et al. Pomegranate juice decreases amyloid load and improves behavior in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2006; 24(3):506-15. https://doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.08.006.
- Madhyastha S, Somayaji S, Rao M, Nalini K, Bairy KL. Hippocampal brain amines in methotrexateinduced learning and memory deficit. Cana J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002; 80(11):1076-84. https://doi:10.1139/ y02-135.
- Yellamma K, Saraswathamma S, Kumari BN. Cholinergic system under aluminium toxicity in rat brain. Toxicol Int. 2010; 17(2):106-12. https:// doi:10.4103/0971-6580.72682
- Subash S, Braidy N, Essa MM, Zayana A-B, Ragini V, Al-Adawi S, et al. Long-term (15 mo) dietary supplementation with pomegranates from Oman attenuates cognitive and behavioral deficits in a transgenic mice model of Alzheimer’s disease. Nutrition. 2015; 31(1):223-9. https://doi:10.1016/j. nut.2014.06.004
- Abdulmalek S, Suliman M, Omer O. Possible neuroprotective role of pomegranate juice in aluminum chloride induced alzheimer’s like disease in mice. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism. 2015; 5:188. https://doi:10.4172/2161-0460.1000188.
- Roskams AJ, Connor JR. Aluminum access to the brain: a role for transferrin and its receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1990; 87(22):9024-7. https://doi:10.1073/ pnas.87.22.9024.
- Buraimoh A, Ojo S, Hambolu J, Adebisi S. Effects of oral administration of aluminium chloride on the histology of the hippocampus of wistar rats. Curr Res J Biol Sci. 2011; 3(5):509-15.
- Jyoti A, Sethi P, Sharma D. Bacopa monniera prevents from aluminium neurotoxicity in the cerebral cortex of rat brain. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 111(1):56-62. https://doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.037
- Bookheimer SY, Renner BA, Ekstrom A, Li Z, Henning SM, Brown JA, et al. Pomegranate juice augments memory and FMRI activity in middle-aged and older adults with mild memory complaints. Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2013; 2013:1-14. https:// doi:10.1155/2013/946298
- Ahmed MA, El Morsy EM, Ahmed AA. Pomegranate extract protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserves brain DNA integrity in rats. Life Sci. 2014; 110(2):61-9. https://doi:10.1016/j. lfs.2014.06.023.
- Tapias V, Cannon JR, Greenamyre JT. Pomegranate juice exacerbates oxidative stress and nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2014; 35(5):1162-76. https://doi:10.1016/j. neurobiolaging.2013.10.077