Informatics Publishing Limited

R. Menaha ¹, J. Meenaakshi ¹, P. Mohanapriya ¹, V. Nandhini ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of Information Technology, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, IN

Abstract

Acronyms are extensively used in web search. Typically acronym is an ambiguous one, when a user gives acronym as search query the search engine returns the results even it is not related to the user intent. To address this problem a method is proposed in this paper that, how to get the user desired web pages of the given acronym search query. The method uses two approaches they are i. Discover all multifarious definitions for the given acronym query ii. Finding popularity score and context words of each acronym definition. Acronym definitions are extracted from Google snippets, titles and acronym finder. Popularity score and context words are identified from query log files. The results evince that the proposed method performance is better than the existing system.

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V. Nandhini ¹, K. Ramprakash ²

Affiliations
1 Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
2 ECE Department, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Power consumed by clocking has taken a major part of the whole design circuit. Given a design, we can reduce its power consumption by replacing several flip-flops with some multi-bit flip-flop. This may affect the performance of the original circuit because of its timing and placement capacity constraints. To overcome this problem efficiently, a technique combination table is built to enumerate possible combinations of flip-flops provided by a library. Finally, merging of flip-flops is done with help of co-ordination transformation and combination table. We can achieve better area reduction and power reduction by 37.65%. The implementation of flip flop merging is done in MODELSIM software and the power analysis through Quartus II.

Keywords

Clock Power Reduction, Multi-Bit Flip-Flop, Merging, Replacement.

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V. Nandhini ¹, R. Pratheepa ¹, N. Anjana ¹, V. Elamaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of EEE, SASTRA University, Thanjavaur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In the field of image processing, contrast enhancement is a vital area to enhance contrast of images which are having poor contrast. Histogram Equalization (HE) is the method used to increase contrast in images. To improve contrast in images several HE methods persist. By determining the Probability Density Function (PDF) and Cumulative Density Function (CDF), HE expands the distribution of pixels. The overall brightness would be altered while the histogram equalization is being applied is a one kind of disadvantage. The drawback which is mentioned here can be avoided by, classifying the image based on intensity exposure and is divided into sub images based on the median value. To minimize the over enhancement, the sub images are clipped using the threshold value. Equalization can be done separately for each sub images, and the equalized sub images are combined to form a single image. Thus, to keep the brightness and to bring limitation in enhancement rate the classification and subdivision based HE method was proposed which equalizes the image. For color images, this method of equalization performs better than gray scale images. The simulation results for several test images are obtained using Matlab software tool. The results show that the entropy of the proposed method is compared with the standard HE method and it determines the amount of information available in the image. The proposed method provides better enhancement than other methods of equalization by controlling the enhancement rate. Improvements can be done by selecting the threshold values for clipping and intensity exposure. Contrast enhancement is applied in the areas of photography, medical imaging and video surveillance systems to enhance quality in images and the image looks natural.

Keywords

Classifcation, Clipping, Contrast Enhancement, Entropy, Exposure, Histogram Equalization

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N. Anjana ¹, J. Jezebel Priestley ¹, V. Nandhini ¹, V. Elamaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of EEE, SASTRA University, Thanjavaur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Image enhancement is one of the major research areas in the field of digital image processing. The sole objective of this domain is to enhance the quality of a poor contrast image. As a result, the final processed image becomes much more understandable than the original one. A new edge based histogram equalization method is proposed in this study. A high pass filter is used to detect edges with a help of an appropriate gradient operator. In general, a convolution mask is used for this kind of area processes like filtering. This proposed method increases the quality of the poor contrast area. This method does not create an impact on brighter area in the given input image. A few portion of the poor contrast is raised and few others contrast are being reduced. The simulation results of this study are compared with the conventional histogram equalization. Our experimental results show that the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) is better than the regular Histogram Equalization (HE) method. All simulation results are obtained using Matlab simulation software tool with standard color test images. Color image enhancement methods are applicable in the areas such as iris recognition, digital photography, remote sensing, biology, medicine, geophysics and microarray techniques, etc.

Keywords

Contrast Enhancement, Edge Detection, Histogram Equalization, Image Enhancement, PSNR

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K. Kowsalya ¹, A. Janaki ¹, D. Haripriya ¹, V. Nandhini ¹, J. Jayasudha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Tejaa Shakthi Institute of Technology for Women, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Floating point operations are used in large dynamic range applications. In a floating point unit addition is one of the most complex operation. An area efficient floating point addition unit with error detection logic is proposed in this paper. Existing error detection logics and leading zero anticipators helps to decrease the delay of the general floating point unit, but they are not area efficient. An area efficient carry select adder with error detection logic is designed by replacing RCA. Here binary to excess-1 converter is used in Carry Select Adder (CSLA) instead of ripple carry adder for carry in = 1. The proposed design is tested on XILINX simulator.

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B. Prabasheela ¹, V. Nandhini ¹, V. Sakithya ¹, Sreecharita Nidamanun ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) Paiyanoor, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Biochemistry, Arizona state University, US

Abstract

The uses of ethno medicinal plants for human healthcare still remain the most widely used medication system in developing and least developed countries. A large number of bioactive compounds exist in various species of plants. Novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines. From our previous study, the antioxidant effect of roasted Spanish variety of groundnut was found to be effective compared to runner variety of groundnut. Hence the present study focuses on in vitro and in vivo analysis of phytoconstituents, biomolecules, minerals, antioxidants and enzymes in roasted Spanish variety of groundnut and compared with raw Spanish variety of groundnut. This study reveals that roasting improvise the biochemical activities of groundnut.

Keywords

Biomolecules, Antioxidants, Enzymes, Ethano Medicinal Plants, Anti-Inflammatory.

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