Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Srikanth ¹, V. Jeyalakshmi ²

Affiliations
1 Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai, 60009, IN
2 Department of ECE, Anna University, Chennai, India;, IN

Abstract

A filter is a key and critical component for all types of wireless communication receivers, which are used to reject the noises (unwanted frequencies) in accordance with the applications. Band pass filters enable operation of any given module in a particular frequency range. In this paper, a compact microstrip band pass filter is proposed with operating range from 2.7 to 10.7 GHz for Ultra-Wide band (3.1 to 10.6 GHz) applications. The Chebychev elliptic function filtering method is employed. Two open circuited stubs are used to achieve the upper transmission loss and coupled micro strip structure is used to reduce transmission loss. The designed filter has insertion loss greater than -1 dB and return loss lower than -10 dB in pass band. The filter is designed with dimensions of 10mm x 9mm x 1.6mm on FR4 (εr = 4.3) substrate. The sharp cut-off at lower and upper stop bands has been achieved by proper tuning of the widths and lengths of the open circuited stubs. Bandwidth of about 8 GHz and a flat group delay in the pass band have been achieved. In view of its compactness, this filter can be easily integrated with all communication devices. The designed band pass filter has potential and promising application in UWB (Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, WLAN and ITU) applications.

Keywords

Compact BPF, Elliptic Function, Microstrip, Open Circuited Stubs, UWB Filter

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Arappali Nedumaran ¹, V. Jeyalakshmi ²

Affiliations
1 St. Peter’s University, Avadi, Chennai - 600054, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. M. G. R. University, Chennai - 600032, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is composed of a large number of self-configuring mobile nodes to form the network. Due to the mobility of the nodes, the architecture has been changed frequently. Since the nodes are battery operated and limited in nature, hence it is too difficult to replace or charge the battery sooner possible. In order to extend the life time of the nodes in the network variety of energy efficient protocols have been proposed. This paper is analyzed the problem of congestion control in the nodes. In this work the congestion control is achieved by implementing the Congestion and Energy Aware Routing Protocol (CAERP). In order to achieve the congestion free communication with minimized energy utilization the data rate of the individual nodes are changed according to the queue state and signal strength identifier. If the value of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is low, it is assumed that the distance between the sources to sink is high and vice versa.The RSSI and the queue size of the nodes in the ongoing path are used to adjust the data rate of the intended node transmission. It achieves the high link reliability for current transmission path and optimum energy utilization. The proposed protocol is compared with existing techniques and implemented in NS2 network simulator. The simulation results proved that the proposed one reduces the packet drop, energy utilization, congestion and improves the life time of the entire network.

Keywords

Congestion Control, Energy Utilization, Manet, Routing Protocol, Throughput

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V. Jeyalakshmi ¹, G. Vijayakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics & Communication, Dr. MGR Educational and Research University, Chennai-95, IN
2 Department of Electronics & Communication, Women’s Govt Polytechnic College, Madurai, IN

Abstract

Dynamic Reconfiguration of lower layers of the protocol stacks used in communication terminals is a key for the development of future multimode software radio. Together with the use of software downloading, future terminals will become a platform to support the deployment of yet unspecified services and applications. Today software radio is viewed more as a technology to enable the reconfiguration terminals at all stages of design, and production. This paper proposes the concepts of software radio reconfiguration by software downloading on 3G and possible future 4G standards. The work is to discuss the Software Defined Radio (SDR) main challenges including the over the air software downloads, installation, execution and automatic reconfiguration.

Keywords

Mobile Communication, Over the Air, Reconfigurable Terminal, Software Download, Software Defined Radio.

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