Refine your search
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Sharda, V. N.
- Potential and Prospects of Vegetation Recovery in Degraded Lands in India - a Review
Abstract Views :227 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 130, No 4 (2004), Pagination: 441-455Abstract
Continued degradation of natural forests in India and increased anthropogenic pressures on scarce natural resources are issues of concern. The resilience and potential of degraded forests to recover, under protection, on their own towards more complex communities are described in this review paper. The need to involve 'local' forest dependant communities in forest protection through suitable mechanisms is also highlighted. The appearance of shade loving and shade tolerant species after twenty years of forest fallow cycle and increased species diversity in North-East India, indicates the need for a long fallow cycle after slash and burn agriculture. In the Shiwaliks community protection of forests in watersheds led to significant improvements in species stocking rate. In the ravines of Central India, continued protection led to the appearance of a large number of annual and perennial grasses, herbs and shrub species besides an assortment of tree species. Vegetation development however showed variations with regard to topographical situations. In landslide affected areas in the Himalayas, a period offive to six years was required for pioneer species to be replaced by perennial species. Soil nutrient build up however took several decades to occur, after which stable plant communities established themselves. In areas affected by mining, interventions in the form of suitable soil and water conservation techniques were a prerequisite for vegetation establishment and development. The appearance of early and late colonizers were observed to be directly related to improvements in edaphic conditions. Forest dependant rural communities are often cited to be the culprits with regard to forest exploitation. This paper, on the other hand cites some examples where rural communities have been able to protect, conserve and regenerate large areas of natural forest on their own initiative and by local institutional mechanisms. Participatory planning and inlegrated watershed development, specially in ecologically fragile zones like the Himalayas are essential for ensuring environmental security.
- Hydrologic Response of a forested Mountain Watershed to Thinning: a Case Study
Abstract Views :191 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 111, No 6 (1985), Pagination: 418-431Abstract
The paper deals with the effect of thinning (20%) on peak flow and fort-nightly runoff in a forested mountainous watershed near Dehra Dun, U.P. India. It has been found that the peak rate of flow increased by 8.6% in the first year (significant at 5% level) but the effect was insignificant in the second year after thinning. There was no significant effect on the total volume of fort-nightly runoff either in the first year or in the second year after thinning.- Soil Erosion in Punjab
Abstract Views :463 |
PDF Views:40
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Chandigarh 160 019, IN
2 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, IARI Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN
4 Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan-I, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Chandigarh 160 019, IN
2 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, IARI Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN
4 Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan-I, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 10 (2016), Pagination: 1687-1693Abstract
Soil erosion map of Punjab highlights the degree of soil erosion caused by water in the state. The values of soil loss per annum from each grid location were quantified using universal soil loss equation (USLE) and used in GIS for preparing the soil erosion map of Punjab state. About 87% of the total geographical area of Punjab has annual soil loss below 5 Mg ha-1 and does not require specific soil conservation measures. About 4.02% of the area is affected by annual soil loss of >15 Mg ha-1, which includes moderately severe (0.88%), severe (1.72%) and very severe (1.42%) soil loss @ 15 to 20, 20 to 40 and 40 to 80 Mg ha-1 respectively. This necessitates the development of improved technologies (conservation agricultural practices, contour bunding, contour cultivation, etc.), which need to be adopted for improving the productivity on a sustainable basis.Keywords
Conservation Planning, Punjab, Soil Loss, Universal Soil Loss Equation.Full Text
References
- Oldeman, L. R., Global extent of soil degradation. Bi-annual Report. ISRIC, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1991, pp. 19–35.
- Scherr, S. J. and Yadav, S., Land degradation in the developing world: implications for food, agriculture, and the environment to 2020, Food, Agriculture and the Environment Discussion Paper, 1996.
- Maji, A. K., Assessment of degraded and wastelands of India. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 2007, 4955(4), 427–435.
- Sharda, V. N. and Dogra, P., Assessment of productivity and monetary losses due to water erosion in rainfed crops across different states of India for prioritization and conservation planning. Agric. Res., 2013, 2(4), 382–392.
- Sharda, V. N., Dogra, P. and Prakash, C., Assessment of production losses due to water erosion in rainfed areas of India. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2010, 65(2), 79–91.
- Singh, G., Ram Babu, Bhusan, L. S. and Abrol, I. P., Soil erosion rates in India. J. Soil Water Conserv., 1992, 47, 97–99.
- Velayutham, M. and Bhattacharyya, T., Soil resource management. In Natural Resource Management for Agricultural Production in India (eds Yadav, J. S. P. and Singh, G. B.), 2000, pp. 1–137.
- Kurothe, R. S., Batta, R. K. and Sharma, J. P., Soil erosion map of Gujarat. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 1997, 25, 9–13.
- Kurothe, R. S., Challa, O., Samra, J. S. and Velayutham, M., Assessment of soil erosion in Maharashtra. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 2001, 29, 133–137.
- Sikka, A. K. et al., Soil erosion map of Kerala state. Indian J. Soil Conserv.., 2003, 31, 127–130.
- Yadav, R. P. and Sachdev, C. B., Assessment of soil erosion in Haryana state. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 2008, 56, 99–105.
- Yadav, R. P. and Sidhu, G. S., Assessment of soil erosion in Himachal Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 2010, 58, 212–220.
- Sur, H. S., Singh, R. and Malhi, S. S., Influence of simulated erosion on soil properties and maize yield in north western India. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 1998, 29(17–18), 2647–2658.
- Wischmeier, W. H. and Smith, D. D., Predicting rainfall erosion losses – a guide for conservation planning. Agriculture Hand book No. 537, USDA, Washington, DC, 1978, p. 58.
- Wischmeier, W. H. and Mannering, J. V., Relation of soil properties to its erodibility. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 1969, 33, 131–137.
- Ram Babu, Tejwani, K. G., Agarwal, M. C. and Subhash Chandra, Rainfall erosion potential and iso-erodent map of India. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, Bulletin No. 2. p. 47, 1978.
- Renard, K. G., Laften, J. M., Foster, G. R. and Mc Cool, D. K., The revised soil loss equation. In Soil Erosion – Research Methods (ed. Lal, R.), Soil and Water Conservation Society, Ankeny (USA), 1994, pp. 105–124.
- Sidhu, G. S., Walia, C. S., Lal, Tarsem, Rana, K. P. C. and Sehgal, J., Soils of Punjab for Optimizing Land Use, NBSS Publ. 45 (Soils of India Series). National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, 1995, p. 75.
- Anon., District-wise Area and Production of Crops, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi, 1998–99.
- Singh, G., Ram Babu and Subhash Chandra, Soil Loss Prediction Research in India. ICAR Bulletin No. T-12/ D-9. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, 1981, p. 70.
- Assessment of Soil Erosion in the Fragile Himalayan Ecosystem of Uttarakhand, India Using USLE and GIS for Sustainable Productivity
Abstract Views :185 |
PDF Views:30
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, IARI Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN
3 ICAR-Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board, KAB-I, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, IARI Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN
3 ICAR-Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board, KAB-I, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 108-121Abstract
In this study, we assess quantitative soil loss in the Himalayan ecosystem of Uttarakhand, India using universal soil loss equation and geographic information system. The analysis shows that about 359,000 (6.71%), 473,000 (8.84%) and 1,750,000 ha (32.72%) area is under moderately severe (15–20 tonne ha–1 year–1), severe (20–40 tonne ha–1 year–1) and very severe (40–80 tonne ha–1 year–1) soil loss respectively. It clearly indicates that about 48.3% area of the state is above the tolerance limit of 11.2 tonne ha–1 year–1 of soil loss. This explains the need to undertake appropriate soil and water conservation measures to mitigate the topsoil loss in this fragile Himalayan ecosystem. Based on the degree of severity of soil loss, appropriate soil and water conservation measures need to be adopted on priority basis. The agriculture practices should be diversified with farm-forestry, agro-horticulture and/or agro-forestry to minimize soil loss in cultivated areas of the state. Such conservation programmes help mitigate accelerated soil erosion, restore the fragile ecosystems and generate employment opportunities for the needy.Keywords
Conservation Measures, Erodibility, Fragile Ecosystems, Geographic Information System, Universal Soil Loss Equation.Full Text
References
- Mandal, D. and Sharda, V. N., Assessment of permissible soil loss in India employing a quantitative bio-physical model. Curr. Sci., 2011, 100, 383–390.
- Barrow, C. J., Land Degradation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1991.
- Sfeir-Younis, A., Soil conservation in developing countries. Western Africa Projects Department/The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA, 1986.
- Dhruvanarayana, V. V. and Ram Babu, Estimation of soil erosion in India. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 1983, 109, 419–434.
- Lal, R., Soil erosion impact on agronomic productivity and environment quality: critical reviews. Plant Sci., 1998, 17, 319–464.
- Mahapatra, S. K., Rana, K. P. C., Sidhu, G. S. and Walia, C. S., Assessment of degradation status of Jammu & Kashmir soils for their amelioration. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 2000, 48, 572–576.
- Cox, C. and Madramootoo, C., Application of geographic information systems in watershed management planning in St. Lucia. Comput. Electron. Agric., 1998, 20, 229–250.
- Erdogan, E. H., Erpul, G. and Bayramin, I., Use of USLE/GIS methodology for predicting soil loss in a semiarid agricultural environment. Environ. Monit. Assess., 2007, 131, 153–161.
- Gong, J., Geography Information System, Science Publishing, Beijing, China, 2001.
- Guobin, F., Shulin, C. and Donald, K. M., Modelling the impacts of no-til practice on soil erosion and sediment yield with Russle, SEDD and Arc View GIS. Soil Till. Res., 2006, 85, 38–49.
- Lim, K. J., Sagong, M., Engel, B. A., Tang, Z., Choi, J. and Kim, K. S., GIS based sediment assessment tool. Catena, 2005, 64, 61–80.
- Mitasova, H., Hofierka, J., Zlocha, M. and Iverson, L. R., Modeling topographic potential for erosion and deposition using GIS. Int. JGIS, 1996, 10, 629–642.
- Molnar, D. K. and Julien, P. Y., Estimation of upland erosion using GIS. Comput. Geosci., 1998, 24, 183–192.
- Reddy, G. P. O., Maji, A. K., Chary, G. R., Srinivas, C. V., Tiwary, P. and Gajbhiye, K. S., GIS and remote sensing applications in prioritization of river sub basins using morphometric and USLE parameters – a case study. Asian J. Geoinform., 2004, 4: 35–49.
- Wu, Q. and Wang, M., A framework for risk assessment on soil erosion by water using an integrated and systematic approach. J. Hydrol., 2007, 337, 11–21.
- Yitayew, M., Pokrzywka, S. J. and Renard, K. G., Using GIS for facilitating erosion estimation. Appl. Eng. Agric., 1999, 5, 295–301.
- Bhattacharrya, T., Ram Babu, Sarkar, D., Mandal, C. and Nagar, A. P., Soil erosion of Tripura, a model for soil conservation and crop performance. NBSS Publication No. 97, NBSS&LUP, Nagpur, 2002.
- Challa, O., Kurothe, R. S. and Gajbhiye, K. S., Soil erosion in Maharashtra. NBSS Publ. No. 82, NBSS&LUP, Nagpur, 2001.
- Kurothe, R. S., Soil erosion map of Gujarat. Indian J. Soil Converv., 1997, 25, 9–13.
- Narain, P., Ram Babu, Ram Mohan Rao, M. S., Sehgal., J., Batta, R. K., Sarkar, D. and Thampi, C. J., Soil erosion map of West Bengal. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 1993, 21, 6–10.
- Reddy, G. P. O., Kothare, R. S., Sena, D. R., Harindranath, C. S., Naidu, L. G. K., Sarkar, D. and Sharda, V. N., Soil Erosion of Goa. NBSS Publ. No. 155, NBSS&LUP (ICAR), Nagpur, 2013, p. 54.
- Reddy, G. P. O. et al., Assessment of soil erosion in tropical ecosystem of Goa, India using universal soil loss equation, geostatistics and GIS. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 2016, 44, 1–7.
- Sahoo, A. K., Sarkar, D., Sah, K. D., Maji, A. K. and Dhyani, B. L., Soil erosion of Bihar. NBSS Publ. No. 126, NBSS&LUP, Nagpur, 2005.
- Singh, A. and Singh, M. D., Effects of various stages of shifting cultivation on soil erosion from steep hill slopes. Indian For., 1978, 106, 115–121.
- Singh, S. P. et al., Soils of Uttar Pradesh for optimizing land use. NBSS Publ. No. 68 (Soils of Indian Series), NBSS&LUP, Nagpur, 2003, p. 91.
- Maji, A. K., Reddy, G. P. O. and Sarkar, D., Acid soils of India – their extent and spatial distribution. NBSS Publ. No. 145, NBSS&LUP, Nagpur, 2012, p. 138.
- Zingg, R. W., Degree and length of land slope as it affects soil loss in runoff. Agric. Eng., 1940, 21, 59–64.
- Musgrave, G. W., Quantitative evaluation of factors in water erosion – a first approximation. J. Soil Water Conserv., 1947, 2, 133–138.
- Wischmeier, W. H. and Smith, D. D., Predicting rainfall-erosion losses for cropland east of the Rocky Mountains-Guide for selection of particles for soil and water conservation. Agricultural Handbook No. 282, United States Department of Agricutlure, 1965.
- Wischmeier, W. H. and Smith, D. D., Predicting rainfall erosion losses – a guide to conservation planning. Agricultural Handbook No. 537, USDA, 1978.
- Moore, T. R., An initial assessment of rainfall erosivity in East Africa. Technical Communication 11, Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1978.
- Hudson, N. W., Soil Conservation, Batsford, London, UK, 1981.
- Wenner, C. G., Soil Conservation in Kenya, Ministry of Agriculture, Nairobi, 1981.
- Singh, G., Babu Ram and Chandra, S., Soil loss prediction research in India. ICAR Bulletin No. T-12/D-9, Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, 1981.
- Ram Babu, Tejwani, K. G., Agarwal, M. C. and Chandra, S., Rainfall erosion potential and iso-erodent map of India. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, Bull. No. 2, 1978, pp. 1–47.
- Raghunath, B., Khullar, A. K. and Thomas, P. K., Rainfall energy map of India. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 1982, 10, 1–17.
- Wischmeier, W. H., Johnson, C. B. and Cross, B. V., A soil erodibility homograph for farm land and construction sites. J. Soil Water Conserv., 1971, 26, 189–193.
- Singh, G., Sastry, G. and Bharadwaj, S. P., Watershed responses to conservation measures under different agro-climatic regions of India. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 1990, 18, 16–22.
- Kurothe, R. S., Determination of ‘C’ and ‘P’ factors of the USLE for important crops and management practices in Vasad region. Annual Report, Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, 1991–92, pp. 100–101.
- Mannering, J. V., The use of soil tolerance as strategy for soil conservation. In Soil Conservation Problem and Prospects (ed. Morgan, R. P. C.), John Wiley, Chichester, UK, 1981, pp. 337–349.
- ICAR, Handbook of Agriculture, Sixth (Revised) Edition. Directorate of Information and Publications of Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 2009.