Informatics Publishing Limited

Radha Chaube ¹, Surabhi Mishra ¹, Rahul K Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Zoology Section, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a known endocrine disruptor with the ability to affect the production of hormones involved in the regulation of reproductive processes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate invitro effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) exposure on steroid levels in post-vitellogenic follicles of catfish ovary. Pieces of ovarian tissues (500mg) were incubated in culture medium in the presence or absence (control) of CdCl2 (0,0.01,0.1,1,3 and 10μg/ml) for 12 or 24hr. Estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone were measured by ELISA. Other steroids like progestins (progesterone -P4; 17-OH-progesterone-17-P and 17, 20 β-dihydroxyprogesterone-17, 20 β-DP) and corticosteroids (cortisol, 21-deoxycortisol, corticosterone and deoxycorticosterone) were quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results show that Cd produced biphasic effects on E2, T, P4, 17,20β-DP, cortisol, deoxycorticosterone, and 21-deoxycortisol, stimulatory at lower concentrations and inhibitory at higher concentrations. In contrast, 17-P and corticosterone were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, Cd can influence ovarian steroidogenesis adversely, affecting gametogenesis and ovulation resulting in the decline of fish population.

Keywords

Cadmium, Ovary, Invitro Steroid Levels, Endocrine Disruptors, Catfish

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Seemaprakalpa ¹, Surabhi Mishra ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Home Science Extension Education, Institute of Home Science, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Home Science Extension, Kr. R.C.M.P.G. College (Brau) Mainpuri (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Panchayat raj institution is a network of village panchayats. Representation of women in Panchayat was initiated to provide equal opportunities in political system at grass ischolar_main level and as a result they rose up to national level. They could do better for their category from lower to upper level. So the aim of present study was to identify socio-economic profile of 60 women Panchayat functionaries. For assessing socio-economic profile of women functionaries, scale of Trivedi (1963) was used with slight modification. Interview schedule was used to collect primary data. The findings of the study show that they were in the age group of 31-40 years, backward caste, hindu, illiterate and educated upto Junior high school, married and from agricultural background, belonged to nuclear families having upto five members. Their annual income was in between Rs.10,001-Rs.20,000. They were holding land size upto 2.5 acre and residing in kachcha house. Along with above betterment, they were facing various types of problems namely; problems regarding child rearing practices, social co-operation, and illiteracy. The findings of this study inform about the factual of their knowledge and they are required for make a mark of their thumb on papers besides it nothing. So, there is a need to aware women about their existence as an independent, their role, and responsibilities before giving them administrative incentives, because in this condition, they will not act as required but they will become the puppet of puppeteer.

Keywords

Women, Panchayat, Socio-Economic Characteristics.

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Rajashri Kadam , Anjali Gupta , Surabhi Mishra

Abstract

The knowledge of internet among people and introduction of devices such as laptops, smart phones, tablets etc, is increasing with period of time which increases the use of online shopping. The online buying and selling depend on various factors. Purpose of this research paper is to understand the factors influencing behaviour of online buying and selling of Z- generation (between 17-20 years) in MIT campus, Kothrud, Pune. The research design is descriptive and qualitative. The objective of the research is to understand the association between the dependent and independent variables like gender, age, family background and buying patterns of the students.

An actual survey is administered over 100 students of graduation through random sampling method. Chi square test is used for hypothesis testing leading to the findings. The findings have implications on the buying pattern, expenditure, risk factors and the mode used for online shopping.

Keywords

Z Generation, Online Buying, Online Selling, Factors Influencing Online Consumer Behaviour.

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