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- Prashant D’Souza
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Kumar, Sumit
- Artificial Bee Colony based Test Data Generation for Data-Flow Testing
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, KIET, Ghaziabad – 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 NIT, Jamshedpur - 831014, Jharkhand, IN
1 Department of Information Technology, KIET, Ghaziabad – 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 NIT, Jamshedpur - 831014, Jharkhand, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 39 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: It is a challenging task to generate and identify an optimal test set that satisfies a robust adequacy criterion, like data flow testing. A number of heuristic and meta-heuristics algorithms like GA, PSO have been applied to optimize the Test Data Generation (TDG) problem. The aim of this research work is to handle the automatic Test Data Generation problem. Methods/Statistical Analysis: This research work focuses on the application of Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm guided by a novel Fitness Function (FF) for TDG problem. The construction of FF based on the concept of dominance relations, weighted branch distance for ABC to guide the search direction. Ten well known academic programs were taken for experimental analysis. The proposed algorithm is implemented in C environment. Findings: To examine the effectiveness of ABC algorithm in Test Data Generation, ten academic programs were taken experiment. The effectiveness of proposed algorithm is evaluated using average number of generations and coverage percentages achieve parameters. The experimental results show that proposed ABC algorithm requires less number of generations in comparison to other algorithms. It is also noted that the proposed algorithm coverage almost all def-path for all programs. Application/Improvements: The experimental results depict that the ABC algorithm performs far better than other existing algorithm for optimizing test data.Keywords
Artificial Bee Colony, Branch Testing, Data Flow Testing, Structural Testing, Test Data Generation.Full Text
- Performance Evaluation of Sugar Cane Cutter Planter Using Different Parameters
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 367-373Abstract
Sugarcane planting is a very labour intensive job and involves considerable human drudgery. Planting creates the foundation for a crop and plays a crucial role in its growth and yield. Study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of two different models of sugarcane planters. One model was Khalsa PE-630 type cuter planter manufactured M/S Punjab engineers, Meerut and the other was ITI make cutter planter designed by Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, and manufactured by Indian Telephone Industries, Rai Bareli. In addition to this two different experimental test set ups based on different principals were developed for measuring cutting forces for sugarcane cutting. It was observed that field capacity of Khallsa make planter was 0.20 ha/hr with the field efficiency of 87.50% at effective working width of 1.34 m and a forward speed of 2.54 km/hr at 2nd low gear. A set length of 32.96 cm with average.Keywords
Sugarcane, Cutter Plauter.
References
- Bhal, V.P. and Sharma, T.R. (2001). Present status and scope of tractor drawn automatic lister sugarcane cutter planter in Haryana. Paper presented at annual convention of ISAE held at OUAY Bhubneshar.
- Bledsoe, B.L. and Portfile,d J. K. (1971). A high speed ratory sickle for cutting and tranjectign Planes. Trans. ASAE, 14 (5): 818-824.
- Frontczak, J. and Molendowskli, F. (1990). Examination of the forces and work during com cob – cutting operation Zeszyly Naukowe akademi Rolniczej we Wrocklawiu Mechanizacij Rolnictwa No. 183.31-35.
- Jamadae and Abasahed, S. (1998). Performance of different sugarcane planters compared to manual planting. in proceeding of International Agricultural engineering conference, Bankol, Thialand. December 7-10
- Srivastava, A.C. (1995). Design and development of sugarcane planter with tillage disc. Appl. Engg. Agric., 11 (3): 335-341.
- Study of the Effect of Pre and Post Irrigation on Different Tillage Treatments for Different Planter on Soil’s Physical Properties
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Vaugh Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Vaugh Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 409-415Abstract
Sugarcane is a most important cash crop of India. It involves less risk and farmers are assured upto some extent about return even in adverse condition. In agriculture sector, sugarcane shared 7% of the total value of agriculture output and occupied 2.6% of India’s gross cropped area during 2006-07. Sugarcane provides raw material for the second largest agro-based industry after textile. About 527 working sugar factories were located in the country during 2010- 11 with total crushing capacity of about 242 lakh tonnes. The sugar industry is an instrumental in generating the sizable employment in the rural sector directly and through its ancillary units. It is estimated that about 50 million farmers and their dependents are engaged in the cultivation of sugarcane and about 0.5 million skilled and unskilled workers are engaged in sugar factories and its allied industries. Wheat-sugarcane-raton cropping system is followed in whole of western Uttar Pradesh and lower parts of Uttrakhand where sugarcane is the main cash crop and wheat is the major cereal. The system accounts for more than 60% of the total cultivated area in the region. However, lower average yield of planted cane (50 tonnes/ha) recorded in this. The reduction in cane yield owing to delayed planting cannot be compensated by additional inputs viz., frequent irrigations, extra fertilizers and inter culture operations. Planting of sugarcane involves a number of operations viz., cutting of canes into pieces called setts, opening of furrows, placement of fertilizer in the opened furrows, laying setts and covering these with a blanket of soil. The whole process of sugarcane planting is very labour and time intensive. In order to achieve uniform crop stand, correct seed rate, appropriate depth of setts placements and uniformity of setts with required overlapping are important. These, however can better be achieved by using tractor-drawn sugarcane cutter planter apart from economising labour and energy. Also there is a need to evolve proper tillage techniques for early planting of sugarcane in wheat-sugarcane crop sequence. In this paper study conducted on the performance of the effect of pre and post irrigation on different tillage treatments on soil’s physical properties on the different types of sugarcane cutter planters.Keywords
Wheat Harvesting, Pre and Post Irrigation, Sugarcane Cutter Planters, Rigid, Slit, Disc and Furrower Planter.References
- Anonymous (1977). Extending crushing season of sugar cane. Annual Report Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research. Lucknow. pp.11-13.
- Anonymous (1999). Indian sugar. The Indian Sugar Mills Association.40 : 475-476.
- Anonymous (2001). Indian sugar. The Indian Sugar Mills Association, 49 : 222-224.
- Anonymous (2001). Productivity constraints. The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture. pp.97-102.
- Baker, C.J., McDonald, J.H., Rix, C. S., Seebeck, K. and Griffiths, P. M. (1979). Development with seed drill coulters for direct drilling an improved chisel coulter with trash handling and fertilizer placement capacities. N.Z.JI.Res.Agric.,7 : 189-196.
- Black, C.A. (1971). Methods of soil analysis –Part 2. Am. soc. Agron. Inc. Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin. USA.
- Borin, M. and Sartori, L. (1995). Barley, soybean and maize production using ridge tillage, no –tillage and conventional tillage inn north east Italy. J. Agric. Engg. Res., 62 : 229-236.
- Bouyoucos, G.J. (1972). Hydrometer method improved for making partical size analysis of soils. Agron., J., 54 : 464-465.
- Choudhary, A.D., Baker, C.J. and Springett, J.A. (1990). Direct drilling (no- till ) opener design specification and soil micro and environmental factors to influence barley seedlings establishment in a wet soil. In: International Congress on Mechanization and energy inn agric. Conference, Adana, Turkey at October 1-4, 1990. pp. 201-211.
- EI-Sharkawy, M. A. and Sgaier, K. (1975). Effect of tillage on ischolar_main penetration and grain yield of maxi an wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in Libyan Desert. Libyan J. Agric., 4:20-28.
- Ellis, F.B., Elliott, J.G., Pollard, F., Cannel, R.Q. and Barneo, B.T. (1979). Comparison of direct drilling, reduced cultivation and ploughing on the growth of cercals, winter wheat and spring barley on calcareous soil. J. Agric. Sci., 93 : 391-401.
- Fashili, S. and Malik, K. (1974). Effect of sowing on the yield and quality different sugarcane varieties. Agric. Pakistan, 25 (3) : 151-158.
- Fink, J.T. and Currence, H.D. (1995). No-till drill utilizing adjustable seed furrow openers. Appl. Engg. Agric., 11(6): 811-816.
- Fyre, W.W. and Lindwall, C.W. (1986). Zero tillage research priorities. Soil & Tillage Res., 8 : 311-316.
- Gangwar, K.S. and Sharma, S.K. (1997). Simultaneous planting of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) for higher productivity and profitability of sugarcane –wheat system. Indian J. Agron., 42(4) : 657-600.
- Gee-clough, D., McAlister, M. and Evernden, W. (1977). Tractive performance of tractor drive tires. I. The effect of lug height. J. Agric. Engg. Res., 22(4) : 373-384.
- Gupta, D.K. (1989). Soil management for wheat crop after paddy harvesting thesis, M. Tech. G.B. Pant University of agriculture and technology, Panthnagar, U.S. Nagar (UTTARAKHAND) INDIA.
- Kalbagal, S.G. (1956). Proc. Intern. Soc. Sug. Tech., 9.
- Krall, J.L., Lasson, W.E. and Dubbs, A.L. (1978). No-till drill studies for seeding small grains ASAE paper No. 78-1514.
- Kumar, Manish and Tripathi, Ashok (2015). To study of the different modes of tillage for the performance of sugarcane cutter planter. Internat. Res. J. Engg. & Technol. (IRJET), 02 (03) | June-2015 e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072.
- Kumar, Manish, Tripathi, Ashok, M. Dsouza, Prashant and Kumar, Devesh (2017). A Study on the performance on productivity of sugarcane crop with different combination of tillage operations, Internat. J. Agric. Engg. (IJAE), ISSN NO. 0974-2662, 10 (2) Oct-2017.
- Panje, R.R. (1965). How to improve sugar content of cane. Technical Bulletin. Indian Inst. Sugarcane Res. Lucknow, 1: 1-11.
- Paltooram (1970). Pattern of growth and sugar accumulation in early and late varieties of sugarcane under October and February planting. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttaranchal) India
- Payton, D.M., Hyde, G. M. and Simpson, J.B. (1985). Equipment and methods for no-tillage wheat planting. Trans ASAE., 28(5) : 1419-1424.
- Shukla, L.N., Sharma, M.P. and Verma, S.R. (1984). Development of a sugarcane planter for developing countries. Agric. Mech. In Asia, Africa & Latin America, 15(1) : 33-42.
- Vaidyanathan, S. (1957). Month of planting and age of harvest–its influence on the yield and quality in sugarcane. Proc. Conference of Sugarcane Research and Development Workers in India, 3(2): 179-186.
- Perspective of the Study of Occupational Safety Issues and Hazards for the Agricultural Workers:A Survey
Abstract Views :142 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 664-670Abstract
The agricultural sector is at the heart of rural India and continues to be a major contributor to the local and national economy. Those at the centre of this industry are farm families who represent 97% of the farming population. Engineering and technology have had both positive and negative consequences on humankind and the environment. Agriculture is not a safe occupation. Agricultural workers face a large number of health problems in the form of physical factors like extreme weather conditions, sunrays, etc.; chemical, toxicological hazards in the form of pesticides/fertilizers, etc. Many of which arise from their work. Clinically well recognized group of occupationally acquired health problems may be respiratory, dermatological, traumatic, poisoning and neoplastic in nature. Prevalence of some specific zoonotic diseases and behavioural health problems are also found to be more among them. Farming is as much a job as it is a way of life, an identity and a social representation for many. This identity has, however, in recent years been constantly threatened by yearly rises in farm accidents and fluctuations in farm deaths which climaxed in 2015 with more than 3000 people losing their lives and thousands of farmers injured during farming daily on Indian farms. Not only did 3000 families lose loved ones, whole communities and regions have been adversely affected by these deaths which have far ranging negative influence on the sustainability of rural areas and use of technology. Unfortunately one does not have to go far from the farm gate to find a farmer who has been severely disabled or injured as a result of a farm accident and often at times less further to the place of a farm death as farm accidents are so frequently fatal. In this paper we are going to preliminary research on the study of occupational safety issues and hazards for the agricultural workers in farming sector in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India and proposed a research model to study on the effect of innovation in farm technology on the health of the farm workers, various hazardous sector of agriculture and their effect on the farm workers.Keywords
Farm Technology, Occupational Safety, Hazardous Sector of Agriculture.References
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- Constructing Structures on Backfilled Opencast Mine Spoil for Better Sustainability
Abstract Views :358 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826 004, IN
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 10 (2018), Pagination: 2053-2062Abstract
In this study we collate existing knowledge and suggest a possible methodology for construction on environmentally challenged backfilled mines to restore the sustainability of human settlement. The possibility of reconstruction on a backfill soil with a sustainable solution has been explored. The study highlights the issue of subsidence in backfilled opencast mines through a meticulous understanding of different case studies of construction on mine spoil. The prime focus of the study apart from structural and construction aspects includes the behaviour of heterogeneous mine spoil. Collapse settlement and hydrocompression are discussed to develop an understanding of failure in backfill. The study also incorporates the proposition of possible effective ground improvement treatment for improving soil behaviour through effective utilization of demolished concrete waste material. Further, ground improvement through demolished waste stone column has also been discussed. Finally, a feasible method for constructing a low-rise building on back-filled soil is proposed with available experimental data on bearing capacity. This study along with a comprehensive list of references may prove useful for conducting further research and a thorough understanding of the issues faced by the mining sector in India and other developing countries.Keywords
Opencast Mines, Backfill Soil, Collapse Settlement, Hydrocompression, Sustainability.Full Text
References
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- Integrated disease management approaches for control of late blight of potato and enhancing the growth of potato
Abstract Views :249 |
PDF Views:135
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Tech, Kanpur – 200802, Uttar Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Tech, Kanpur – 200802, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 264-269Abstract
Experiments were conducted to study integrated approach in the management of potato blight. The result showed that T1 treatment (soil application of FYM @ 125gm/pot + waste of mushroom cultivation with Trichoderma harzianum @ 5gm/kg + tuber treatment with Azotobacter @ 5% + foliar spray with Ridomil @ 0.25%) was the best to show minimum disease severity, representing 9.16% as against 76.40% in case of control at 21 days of observation. The treatment also exhibited increased tuber germination and plant height of potato showing the value 100 per cent and 44.5 cm at 30 days age of plant. The maximum number of large size tuber and total yield with 668.6g was also recorded from treatment T1. Thus, integration of FYM + mushroom waste as soil application + bio formulation as tuber treatment + fungicides as foliar spray can be efficiently applied for management of late blight and also get enhanced yield of potato.
Keywords
Bioagent, Disease Severity, Growth Parameter, Late Blight, Organic Matter, Potato.Full Text
References
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- Evaluation of Dermatological Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India
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Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur (U.P), IN
2 Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), IN
1 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur (U.P), IN
2 Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), IN
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Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 12, No 7 (2019), Pagination: 3517-3521Abstract
In clinical practice dermatological reactions are common but comprehensive information regarding their incidence, severity is often not available as many cases go unreported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the types of dermatological adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a tertiary care hospital and determine their causal relationship with the offending drug. This prospective, observational study was conducted at GSVM medical college Kanpur, Northern India for one year. Patients of all age and either sex were included. Dermatological adverse drug reactions were reported by the physicians of various department of the hospital and their causality assessments were performed as per World health organization (WHO) Uppsala monitoring centre (UMC), Expanded Rawlins and Thompson’s classification was used for determining type of ADRs, outcome and seriousness of ADR were assessed as per WHO. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. A total of 105 dermatological adverse drug reactions were reported from various departments of this tertiary care hospital. Most of the adverse drug reactions were observed in the age group of 0–20 year. Rash (35 ADRs) was commonly reported reaction. Anticancer drugs lead to 48 ADRs (mainly with Paclitaxel+Carboplatin-11, Adriamycin+Cyclophosphamide-7), followed by Antibacterial with 28 ADRs (mainly with Vancomycin-6, Cefixime-4 and Amoxicillin-4). A total of 8 ADRs were of serious type mainly with Vancomycin-Red man syndrome-6, Carbamazepine-toxic epidermal necrolysis-1 and Nimesulide-Steven Johnson Syndrome-1. Most of the adverse drug reactions on causality assessment were possible (77, 73.33%) and Probable (28, 26.67%) in nature. Type -B ADRs account for 2/3rd of the total dermatological ADRs. It’s highly emphasized for careful monitoring for ADRs associated with high risk drugs and more awareness should be created.Keywords
Adverse Drug Reaction, Causality, Dermatological, Rash.References
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- Risk Factor Associated with Anthrax Transmission among the Tribal Communities of Odisha
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Post-Graduation in Public Health, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC Greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
3 Associate Professor, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
1 Post-Graduation in Public Health, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC Greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
3 Associate Professor, Prasanna School of Public Health, Near KMC greens, Manipal, Udupi, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 11, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 603-608Abstract
Context: Anthrax is a neglected tropical disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. The condition primarily affects herbivores. Human contacts the natural disease directly or indirectly from animals or their products.
Aims: The purpose of the study was to assess the risk factors associated with the transmission of anthrax.
Settings and Design: A mixed methods study was conducted among the tribal population of Lamtaput block, Koraput from January to May 2018.
Methods and Material: A set of pre-tested and validated structured and unstructured questionnaires were used in order to conduct the study.
Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical package for the social sciences(SPSS) version 15.0.
Results: Overall, the respondents heard about anthrax were found to be 62.91 %. 52.98% of respondents were aware anthrax can affect both humans and animals. The risk factors and risky behaviour were found to be statistically significant with a p-value of < 0.05. Nevertheless, the qualitative findings suggested the level of awareness varied among the respondents, and the cause behind transmission was due to consumption of dead carcasses. The quantitative data showed only 30.464 % of people vaccinated their animals, the qualitative interviews also proposed that fewer respondents vaccinated their animals, 45.69% of respondents threw the carcasses in the open air, 52.98 % respondents ate the meat while sharing it with the community members when an animal died. Food insecurity, poverty, geographical barriers were the reasons cited for consuming dead carcasses.
Conclusions: The cause of transmission of anthrax in Koraput was dead carcasses consumption, high-risk behaviour and practices such as eating, selling, or sharing were found to be common among the respondents. These risk factors are influenced by the low socio-economic status, education level, lack of proper health education messages and poor veterinary services
Keywords
Anthrax, Awareness, Exposure Practises, Risk Factors, Tribal Communities.- Seasonal Incidence and Management of Harar Borer Dichocrocis sp.
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur 177001, Himachal Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Entomology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Entomology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur 177001, Himachal Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Entomology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Entomology, Vol 84, No 2 (2022), Pagination: 421-422Abstract
A study on the seasonal incidence and management of harar borer Dichocrocis sp. was carried out at the College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh in 2018-19. Incidence started during the last week of May with two peaks, first peak was in the last week of July (77%) and the second peak (72%) was in the last week of September. The four insecticides viz. chlorantraniliprole 18.5 w/w, cyantraniliprole 10.26OD, fenvalerate 20EC, monocrotophos 36%EC and the biopesticide agniastra prepared using cow urine, reduced the infestation to <43%. Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 w/w @ 0.005% was the best reducing the infestation to 7.77% followed by cyantraniliprole 10.26OD @0.01% (9.99%) and fenvalerate 20EC @0.012% (14.43%).Keywords
Dichocrocis spp., Harar Borer, Chlorantraniliprole, Cyantraniliprole, Agniastra, Cow Urine, Seasonal Incidence, Peaks, Control.Full Text
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