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Sanjib Bahadur ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Ranabir Chanda ², Pragya Baghel ¹, Suman Saha ¹, Ananta Choudhury ¹

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Village Tekari, Near Vidhan Sabha, Raipur (CG), IN
2 Bengal School of Technology, Sugandha, Delhi Road, Hooghly, (W.B), IN

Abstract

Hibiscus rosasinensis (HR) is a shrub belonging to Malvaceae. The leaves of ethanolic extract of HR exhibited antidiabetic activity. Mucilage is present in leaves of HR. The objective of this research is to extract and evaluate the mucilage of HR. Leaves were collected and slurry was prepared which was precipitated using ethanol. The precipitates were separated and dried. The dried mucilage was subjected to various phytochemical and physicochemical tests. The extracted mucilage shows the presence of carbohydrates, reducing sugar and mucilage whereas glycoside, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids and tannins was absent. The moisture sorption test reveals that the mucilage can sorbed moisture and has ability of swelling in water as shown by result of swelling index test. Other physicochemical studies indicate that the mucilage has properties to be used as excipient. FTIR spectrum shows the presence of various functional groups and bonds it possesses. It can be concluded that the mucilage can be used to prepare dosage form. However, as it can absorb moisture, the prepared dosage form should be packed suitably to avoid the contact of moisture.

Keywords

Efficacy, Safety, Lesser Side Effects, Memory Loss, Osteoporosis, Immune Disorders, Standardization.

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Shashikant Chandrakar ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Ananta Choudhury ¹, Suman Saha ¹, Sanjib Bahadur ¹, Pushpa Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, (C.G.), 493111, IN

Abstract

Eye drops are the most acceptable dosage form by ocular route, which as has disadvantage of bioavailability. The anatomical and physiological constrains limited permeability of drug such as drug loss from the ocular surface by lachrymal drainage, blood-ocular barriers. A number of drug delivery system has been developed to improve the bioavailability and to prolong the residence time of drugs on the eye. Such as promising system for ocular drug delivery is a microemulsion. Microemulsions are clear, stable, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant. This review gives an overview of the potential of microemulsions as delivery vehicles for eye. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic characteristics are present in microemulsions, so that the loaded drugs can diffuse passively as well get significantly partitioned in the variable lipophilic-hydrophilic corneal barrier.

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Ananta Choudhury ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Suman Saha ¹, Sanjib Bahadur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur, C.G, IN

Abstract

The present experimental work has been designed with an aim to develop a phytoconstitute based mucoadhesive antifungal vaginal gel for wide range of fungal infections. This topic of research has been selected addressing the clinical status of the women's health related problems. Around 75% of world women population experience acute episodes of vaginal candidasis at least once during their life time and if not treated properly may prove life threatening. All the formulations were prepared incorporating optimized concentration of curcumin and fluconazole as active constituents. Antifungal activities of Phyto-combination were screened based on In-Vitro antifungal study. Mucoadhesive polymers like Carbopol 940 and HPMC K4M were used to prepared gel base. In-vitro evaluation such as determination of pH, viscosity, spreadability, mucoadhesive study, Drug content, drug release study and In-Vivo study like RVI (rabbit vaginal irritation test) were performed to evaluate the performance of prepared formulations. Based on the result it was concluded that prepared formulations were safe, effective and overall performances were found satisfactory. Among the several preparations, F2 formulations that contain 1:4 ratios of curmumin and fluconazole shows better result.

Keywords

Mucoadhesive Gel, Antifungal Vaginal Formulation, Vaginal Drug Delivery, Curcumin as Antifungal, Phytoconstituent Based Formulation, Fluconazole Gel.

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Sanjib Bahadur ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Ranabir Chanda ², Ananta Choudhury ¹, Sujoy Das ³, Suman Saha ¹, Shashikant Chandrakar ¹, Pushpa Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Vill. Tekari, Near Vidhan Sabha, Raipur (C.G), IN
2 Bengal School of Technology, Sugandha, Delhi Road, Hooghly (W.B), IN
3 GRY Institute of Pharmacy, Vidya Vihar, Borawan, Khargone (M.P), IN

Abstract

The objective of any formulation is to deliver drug to the patient in the definite amount, at the required rate, and maintains the stability of drug over the product's shelf life. To produce a drug formulation in a final dosage form, a number of pharmaceutical ingredients are required. In selecting excipients for pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug products the development pharmacist should be certain about the existing standards and safety parameters of the excipients. This will assure the consistent quality and functioning of the excipient. The selection and testing of non active ingredients or excipient in the design of drug dosage form present to the formulator the challenge of predictive foresight. While the ability to solve problems when they occur is a valuable attribute, the ability to prevent the problem through adequate experimental design is a virtue. The safety and biodegradability issues related to synthetic excipients have necessitates development of new natural excipients. Newer excipients provide the means for simplifying formulation development, and improving overall operational costs while preserving the quality that is expected by the industry. This review focuses on need to develop such newer natural excipients which shall be utilized to develop efficient dosage forms and the economics involved in doing so.

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Suman Saha ¹, Santanu Das ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a popular joining process due to its inherent capability in producing superior quality welding in a wide range of materials. However, lower productivity of it paves the way for introduction of a number of variants of TIG welding, including Flux Bounded TIG (FB-TIG) welding and Activated TIG (A-TIG) welding. In this paper, variations of weld morphology and characteristics with heat input in AC A-TIG welding of both bead-on-plate and butt joining of 6mm thick 316L stainless steel plates using TiO₂, Cr₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ as activating flux and a stainless steel filler material are investigated. Results are also compared with that obtained in conventional TIG welding. Variations of various weld characteristics viz. depth of penetration, width of weld bead, reinforcement, Reinforcement Form Factor (RFF), and Penetration Shape Factor (PSF) against change in heat input are analyzed and compared. It is observed that TiO2 and Fe₂O₃ fluxes effectively enhance the penetration due to increase in fluidity and wettability of molten metal and, at the same time, reduce the width of weld bead; whereas, Cr₂O₃ flux gives inferior results as it reduces penetration instead of increasing it as compared to conventional TIG welding.

Keywords

Welding, A-TIG, Activated Flux, Heat Input, Depth of Penetration.

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Suman Saha ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Sanjib Bahadur ¹, Ananta Choudhury ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Assam Down Town University, Assam, IN

Abstract

This study intended to explore the influence of formulation factors on the physico-chemical properties of quercetin-loaded liposomes and optimize the fabrication environment. Thin film hydration technique was employed to prepare liposome and optimization was done by 32 factorial designs combined with desirability function. Nine preparations were prepared by using altered drug: lipid and soyphosphatidylcholine: cholesterol (SPC: cholesterol) ratios and assessed for entrapment efficacy and vesicle size. The findings were the mean diameter and drug encapsulation efficiency. Results exhibited that SPC concentration and SPC: cholesterol molar ratio had a solid impact on liposome size. Increasing the lipid ratio produced a reduction in size. The degree of quercetin charging depended on the factors evaluated. Increasing SPC concentration and lipid ratio pointed lyboosted quercetin entrapment. However, higher quercetin concentrations had a negative effect on drug entrapment. Based on this, an optimized design was determined, prepared and investigated. The entrapment efficiency and vesicle size were found to be very adjacent with the predicted values. The formulation was found to be globular shape and also shows sustained release pattern. These results backing the fact that 32 full factorial designs with desirability function might be efficiently used in optimization of quercetin loaded liposome. The overall results showed that SPC concentration and lipid ratio were the key features influencing particle size, while entrapment efficiency was affected primarily by quercetin concentration.

Keywords

Fabrication, In-Vitro Evaluation, Liposomal Quercetin.

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Ananta Choudhury ¹, Suman Saha ², Sanjib Bahadur ², Amit Roy ²

Affiliations
1 Assam Down Town University, Panikhaiti, Gandhinagar, Guwahati-26 Assam, IN
2 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur C.G., IN

Abstract

The research work was mainly designed to determine the antifungal activity of curcumin, a potent bioactive phytoconstituent, obtained from Curcuma longa and to explore the possibilities of its use as a combination with commercially available synthetic antifungal drugs for better therapeutic actions. Fluconazole and itraconazole were used as a model drug. Different combinations of curcumin with fluconazole as well as itraconazole was prepared and subjected to an antifungal screening study. The antifungal screening was carried out using Candida albicans fungal strain. The MIC of fluconazole, itraconazole and curcumin was found to be in the range of 32 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml, 8 μg/ml to 32μg/ml and 64 μg/ml to 256 μg/ml respectively. Further, the results of the invitro antifungal study performed based on the comparative zone of inhibition measurement of the prepared combination at a concentration of 10 μg/ml were determined. The result of the study indicates that the presence of curcumin significantly increases the antifungal capacity of both fluconazole and itraconazole. The Fractional inhibitory concentration index was measured, and the data thus obtained, states that the increased antifungal activity may be observed due to synergistic or additive effects. Further, the topical sensitivity of the optimized combinations was determined using rabbit vaginal model and were found to be free from any major sign of sensitivity as per as histopathological study concern.

Keywords

FICI, Natural Antifungal, Candida albican, Curcumin, Antifungal Combination.

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