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S. Mohan Raj ¹, Shahid Mohammed ², S. Vinoth Kumar ³, C. Santhosh Kumar ⁴, Subal Debnath ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Jogaiah Institute of Technology and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, IN
2 Jogaiah Institute of Technology and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kalagampudi, W.G, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Gogulakrishna College of Pharmacy, Sulurpet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Kondapak (Mdl), Dist. Medak, Siddipet, Andhra Pradesh - 502 277, IN

Abstract

The Antidiabetic activity of fruits and seeds ethanolic extract of Luffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae) was studied in a Streptozotocin {STZ) induced diabetic in rats. The acute toxicity and lethality (LD₅₀) and the Phytochemicals analysis of the extract were also evaluated. The results showed that the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) reduced fasting blood sugar of Streptozotocin diabetic rats in a dose-related manner, with maximum hypoglycemic effect at after 21 days. Acute toxicity and lethality test of the extract in rats gave an oral LD₅₀ greater than 5 g/kg. It is clearly evident from the study that the streptozotocin administration caused the significant increase in the blood glucose level at 0 day (p<0.001). The 50% ethanolic extract of the fruits of Luffa acutangula showed the significant effect compared with the respective diabetic control group, decrease the blood glucose level at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001), the standard drug glibenclamide also showed the significant decrease the blood glucose level after 21 days (241.33-105.33, p<0.001). Finally the 400 mg/kg and the standard drug showed the significant decrease in the blood glucose level after 21 days treatment (p<0.001). The findings indicate that the leaves of Luffa Acutangula may be beneficial as an Antidiabetic therapy.

Keywords

Streptozotocin, Luffa acutangula, Antidiabetic.

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Chiranjib Bhattacharjee ¹, Durgesh Gupta ², Lokesh Deb ³, C. Santhosh Kumar ⁴, Subal Debnath ⁴, A. S. Dutta ⁵

Affiliations
1 Sri Krupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Kondapak (Mdl), Dist. Medak, Siddipet. Andhra Pradesh – 502277, IN
2 Rajiv Gandhi College of Pharmacy, Nautanwa, Maharajganj, UP– 27316, IN
3 I.B.S.D. Takyelpat ,Imphal, Manipur, IN
4 Sri Krupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Kondapak (Mdl), Dist. Medak, Siddipet. Andhra Pradesh – 502277, IN
5 R. K. Pharmacy College, Kasipur, Suri – Santhiaon, Azamgarh, UP– 276001, IN

Abstract

Prunus persica Linn (L) widely distributed in Manipur, India. The leaves were used in folklore/traditional medicine to treat several inflammatory pathologies such as greenish swelling (gland), oedema etc. Reactive oxygen species as well as reactive free radicals such as hydroxyl (OH), nitric oxide (NO) etc. contribute significantly to these pathologies. In this study, antiinflammatory activity of the aqueous extracts (AEPp) of Prunus persica L leaves was evaluated on carrageenin induced oedema. The test sample at the dose of 200 mg/kg/p.o. were found to cause significant (***P<0.001) inhibition of carrageenin induced oedema. The test samples AEPp show the protection against inflammation less than standard diclofenac sodium 8mg/kg b.w. These observations established the anti-inflammatory effect of Prunus persica L leaves aqueous extract in acute inflammation.

Keywords

Prunus persica, Inflammation.

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C. Santhosh Kumar ¹, Chiranjib Bhattacharjee ², Subal Debnath ², G. Ganesh Kumar ², Atul N. Chandu ³

Affiliations
1 Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Kondapak (mdl), Dist. Medak, Siddipet, Andhra Pradesh – 502 277, IN
2 Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Kondapak (MDL), Dist. Medak, Siddipet, Andhra Pradesh – 502 277, IN
3 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Sukla University, Raipur, C.G., IN

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial and anti-tubercular activities of Opuntia dillenii aqueous methanolic extract. Antibacterial study was carried out by plate hole diffusion or agar well diffusion assay to determine the growth inhibition of bacteria. Antifungal activity was performed by the use of Saubouraud dextrose agar medium (SDA). The synergistic activity study was calculated by means of Cup plate method (Kirbauy bauer technique) using two wells in a plate. The aqueous methanolic plant extract of Opuntia dillenii (500 μg/ml) was used in combination with oxytetracycline (500 μg/ml). Anti-tubercular assay was performed using Micro plate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) using the suspension of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. The concentrations of plant extract were used are 1000 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 62.5 μg/ml. The medicinal plant appear to have a broad antimicrobial activity spectrum, they could be useful in antiseptic and disinfectant formulation as well as in anti-tubercular activity. Among the various micro organisms, the aqueous methanolic extract was more active against Micrococcus leuteum, Proteus mirabilis. In antifungal activity of the aqueous methanolic extract shows positive results for all fungus. The antitubercular activities were compared with standard drug Rifampicin. The aqueous methanolic extract was having more percentage inhibition when compared to other extracts.

Keywords

Opuntia dillenii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Micro Plate Alamar Blue Assay.

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Subal Debnath ¹, S. Y. Manjunath ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vil. Velkatta, Mdl:Kondapak, Dist. Medak, Siddipet, Andhra Pradesh – 502 277, IN

Abstract

The present research work were aimed to synthesize a series of various substituted quinazolinone containing 3-(Substituted)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one. The compound 2-Phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, I were prepared by treating anthranilic acid with benzoyl chloride in pyridine. Synthesis of 3-Amino-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one, II carried out by reacting, I with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol. The compound 2-{[(4-Oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)- amino]carbonyl}benzoic acid, III obtained by reacting II with phthalic anhydride in ethanol. Synthesis of 2-Phenyl-3- [{-(4-substituted)-phenylmethylene}-amino]-quinazolin-4(3H)-one, IV_(a-b) were done by reacting II with 4-Substituted benzaldehyde in glacial acetic acid. Synthesis of N-(4-Oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)benzamide, V were done by reacting II with benzoyl chloride in pyridine. Finally, 3-[3-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-3-(4-substituted phenyl)-2- oxoazetidin-1-yl]-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one, VI_(a-b) were synthesized by reacting IV_(a-b) with 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and thionyl chloride in benzene. These derivatives were prepared by microwave as well as conventional method. Structure of the compounds has been established by means of IR, ¹H-NMR and MS. All the compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Most of the compounds showed significant antibacterial activities when compared with the standard drug ciprofloxacin at the concentration of 500 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml. In this research work, in vitro anthelmintic activity of 3-(Substituted)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one carried out in comparison with piperazine citrate. These newly synthesized quinazolinone derivatives showed paralysis and followed by death at concentration of 10 mg/ml for the screening of anthelmintic activity. These derivatives also screened for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that synthesized compound having moderate analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords

Quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 4H-3,1-Benzoxazin-4-One, Antibacterial, Anthelmintic, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

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