Informatics Publishing Limited

Fahmi Arifan ¹, Sri Winarni ², Wisnu Broto ¹, Ariza Fuadi ³, Hafiz Rama Devara ¹, Dina Elviana ¹

Affiliations
1 Programme Diploma of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, ID
2 Department of Biostatistics and Population Study, Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, ID
3 Diponegoro University, Semarang, ID

Abstract

Palm sugar is a natural sweetener containing nutrients and antioxidants. The aim of this research is to measure nutrient content (reducing sugar, sucrose, water and ash content), number of bacteria, and antioxidant level of palm sugar. The sample in this study was palm sugar randomly taken from ten different production sites. Nutrient content determination used luff schoorl method and antioxidant measurement used DPPH method. Based on the analysis of reducing sugar content, all samples met SNI 01-3743-1995 criteria, with an average of 7.16% (5.14% up to 8.73%). The average of sucrose was 76.6% (62.50% up to 88.58%). There was 40% of the palm sugar samples having sucrose content that meets the criteria. The average of water content was 10.34% (7.79% up to 11.86%). The water content of palm sugar suitable with the criteria was 30%. While the total ash content of palm sugar suitable with the criteria was 50%. The ash content average was 3.1% (1.1% up to 6.3%). The number of lactic acid bacteria found was still within normal limits. The average number of bacteria was 6.4 x 104 (CFU/ml), (0 x104 (CFU/ml) up to 27 x 104 (CFU/ml). The average antioxidant content was 84.60%, with the lowest strength of 89.71% and the highest strength of 74.73%. In conclusion, The nutritional content of the sample has not met the SNI 01-3743-1995 criteria as a whole. The palm sugar produced in Pledokan Village, Sumowono are still safe to eat (based on the number of bacteria). The antioxidant activity of palm sugar in Sumowono Village is strong (50% - 100%).

Keywords

Nutrients, Antioxidants, Bacterial Count, Palm Sugar Antioxidant.

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Sri Winarni ¹, Najib ², Yudhy Dharmawan ¹, Desi Nuri ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biostatistics and Population Study, Public Health, Diponegoro University, ID
2 Research and Development of National Family planning Coordinating Board of Central Java Province, Semarang, ID

Abstract

Tegal Regency has the highest unmet need for family planning at 14.54%, Klaten Regency’s unmet need is still high at 14.40%. The aim of this research is to analyse the factors causing the unmet need in Tegal and Klaten Regencies. The research population includes all the women of reproductive age in couples, with total number of 483,144 and the samples set, selected by simple random sampling of 268 respondents. The result show that is a significant correlation between the number of live children unmet need (p = 0.001), correlation between attitude and unmet need (p = 0.007), correlation between attitude and knowledge (p = 0.001), correlation between age groups and unmet need (p = 0.035), correlation between opinion on contraceptives as a sin and unmet need (p = 0.002), correlation between the respondent’s beliefs that contraceptives are against their religion and the unmet need (p = 0.028), and correlation between social media exposure and unmet need (p = 0.001). The family planning field counselors experience a harder work load as the work areas are getting wider. The paper concludes that perception and knowledge about the definition of unmet need by the family planning field counselors is very limited. The roles of religious and community leaders in providing counseling on contraceptives and unmet need are limited. Based on this study it is suggested that communication, information and education should be developed using interactive dialog method, coordination by and roles of the family planning field counselors should be improved, and family income and wealth should be increased through a family welfare income increasing program.

Keywords

Family Planning Field Counselors, Community Leaders, Women Of Reproductive Age, Contraceptives, Unmet Need.

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Djoko Nugroho ¹, Sri Winarni ¹, Farid Agushybana ¹, Najib ², Undari Nurkalis ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biostatistics and Population Studies, Diponegoro University, ID
2 Research and Development of National Family Planning Coordinating Board of Central Java Province, Semarang, ID

Abstract

Young age pregnancy is an important public health problem, due to its high association with mortality and morbidity for both mother and the child and also reflect the country’s welfare. Teenage mother often have problems related to labor or postpartum period. Lack of knowledge can be caused by low education, which create barrier upon receiving message. Highly educated people tend to have more information, from other people as well as press, and they’re also more open to new value compared to less educated people. Marriage below 20 years increase the odd of pregnancy before 20 years. Knowledge about contraceptives is crucial and related to Maturing Age of Marriage programe. Problems in Maturing Age of Marriageprograme will increase pregnancy below 20 years rate. Descriptive analysis related to pregnancy risk factors below 20 years old is needed throughout Indonesia.

Keywords

Marriage Age <20 Years, Contraceptives Knowledge, Pregnancy <20 Years.

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