A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Roy, Soumen
- Performance Evaluation of Various Distance-Based Data-Mining Classifiers on Typing Patterns for User Authentication/Identification
Authors
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Computer & System Sciences, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, IN
Source
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Vol 5, No 2Sp (2016), Pagination: 148-156Abstract
User authentication or identification is the big challenges in E-Business. In this paper, we have implemented a typing biometric technique which increases the security level up to 98.1% without changing existing authentication technique. Habitual typing speed pattern is a behavioural biometric characteristic in Biometric Science can be effectively implemented to classify the users. This typing speed pattern is promising as biometric characteristics which cannot be lost or stolen in addition with inexpensive to collect. Many statistical, distance-based and machine learning algorithms are proposed on habitual typing pattern and many have obtained impressive results, but in practice, the accuracy level is not much promising, it demands higher level of security and reliability. In our experiment, we have collected press and release time of 12096 keystrokes using Java Applet programming form 12 individuals during 12 months in 4 sessions for 1440 samples then we analysed that data using R statistical programming language and obtained average Equal Error Rate (EER) of 21 different data-mining and distance-based classification algorithms and compared their performance in accuracy to search the suitable algorithms on typing patterns. But in evaluation process, a classifier’s average Equal Error Rate (EER) widely jumped from 1.9% to 63%. The question may arise, which classifier is suitable on typing speed patterns, which pattern of string is suitable. To get the answer, we have started our experiment and created our own rhythmic keystroke dynamics database of different pattern of strings and executed various classification algorithms on it, so, we can compare their performance soundly.
Keywords
Keystroke Dynamics, EER, Behavioral Biometric, Canberra, Chebyshev, Czekanowski, Gower, Intersection, Kulczynski, Lorentzian, Minkowski, Motyka, Ruzicka, Soergel, Sorensen, Wavehedges, Manhattan Distance, Euclidean Distance, Mahanobolis Distance, Z Score, KMean, SVM, NaiveBaysian, ROC Curve.Full Text
- Fraxinus Excelsior and Vitamin E Combination for NAFLD (FEVEN)
Authors
1 Medical Affairs Department, Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 71, No 11 (2018), Pagination: 22-29Abstract
Objective: The combination of Vitamin E 400 IU soft gelatin capsule and Fraxinus excelsior500 mg soft gelatin capsules (Ensules+) were evaluated for safety and efficacy as compared to Vitamin E 400 IU soft gelatin capsules in patients with NAFLD.Material and Methods: The prospective, open-label, comparative, randomized, single centre clinical trial was conducted by Macleods Pharmaceuticals in collaboration with Muktai Hospital, Nashik. Total of 24 NAFLD patients were divided into 2 groups and received either Vitamin E (400 IU) soft gelatin capsule or Ensules+ (combination of Vitamin E 400 IU and Fraxinus excelsior 500mg) soft gelatin capsules BID for 8 weeks. The Grades of Liver steatosis after 8 weeks, liver function test (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin levels) and serum lipid profile (Tg, Tc, HDL, LDL) was evaluated at the end of the study.
Result: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with Vitamin E and Ensules+ therapy BID for 8 weeks revealed no significant difference in the physical parameters like mean body temperature, pulse rate and blood pressure from baseline to end of the study.
Significant improvement in lipid profile and liver function parameters were observed in both the groups at the end of the study as compared to the baseline. The % improvement in Tc and LDL (3.27 % and 4.93% respectively) from baseline were significant in Ensules+ group (B) as compared to Vitamin E group (A) (1.10% and 1.13 % respectively), also HDL levels were significantly elevated (1.34 %) in Ensules+ group.
Percentage improvement in liver function parameters in group A patients treated with Ensules+ Capsule had higher AST (53.64%), ALT (59.53%) ALP (38.43%) and Bilirubin levels (56.54%) as compared to group B patients treated with vitamin E capsules.
5 Patients treated with Ensules+ (combination of Vitamin E 400IU and Fraxinus excelsior 500mg) soft gelatin capsules) showed significant regression with the fatty liver disease at the end of the study.
Conclusion: Combination of Vitamin E and Fraxinus excelsior (Ensules+) capsule were found to be better in improving the lipid profile and liver function parameters in patients with NAFLD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which compares the combination with Vitamin E capsule and found to be more effective in treating patients with NAFLD.
Keywords
NAFLD, NASH, Vitamin E, Fraxinus Excelsior, Ensules+
References
- Ashtari S, Purhoseingholi MA, Zali MR. Non-alcohol fatty liver disease in Asia: Prevention and planning. World J Hepatol. 2015; 7(13): 1788–1796.
- Kalra S, Vithalani M, Gulati G, Kulkarni CM, Kadam Y, Pallivathukkal J, et al. Study of prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes patients in India (SPRINT). J Assoc Physicians India. 2013 Jul;61(7):44853.
- Patell R, Dosi R, Joshi H, Sheth S, Shah P, Jasdanwala S, et al. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Obesity. J ClinDiagn Res. 2014; 8(1): 62–66.
- Pacana T, Sanyal AJ. Vitamin E and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. CurrOpinClinNutrMetab Care. 2012; 15(6): 641–648.
- Dowman JK, Tomlinson JW, Newsome PN. Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Q J Med. 2010; 103:71–83.
- M. Eddouks M et al. Phlorizin-like effect of Fraxinus excelsior in normal and diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2004; 149–154.
- NaishengBai, et al. Iridoids from Fraxinus excelsior with Adipocyte Differentiation-Inhibitory and PPARr Activation Activity. J. Nat. Prod. 2010; (73): 2–6.
- Thomas Ughetto. Glucevia Fraxinus excelsior Extract Effectively Controls Blood Glucose Levels in Randomized, Controlled Trial. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2014; 13(4): 30–32.
- Kratz A, Sluss PM, Januzzi JL., Jr. Appendices: Laboratory values of clinical importance. In: Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Longo DL, Braunwald E, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, editors. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. The United States of America: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2005: A1–7.
- Sanyal AJ, Chalasani N, Kowdley KV, McCullough A, Diehl AM, Bass NM, et al. Pioglitazone, Vitamin E, or Placebo for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:167585.
- Sato K, Gosho M, Yamamoto T, Kobayashi Y, Ishii N, Ohashi T, et al. Vitamin E has a beneficial effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition. 2015; 31: 923–930.
- Zulet MA, Carretero SN, Sánchez DL, Abete I, Flanagan J, Issaly N, Berthon PF, et al. A Fraxinus excelsior L. seeds/ fruits extract benefits glucose Homeostasis and adiposity related markers in elderly overweight/obese subjects: A longitudinal, randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebocontrolled nutritional intervention study. Phytomedicine. 2014; 2: 1162–1169.
- A Review of Digestive Enzyme and Probiotic Supplementation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors
1 Yatharth Super Speciality Hospital, Greater Noida, IN
2 Senior Consultant, Internal Medicine, Bhopal, IN
3 Sunflower Medical Centre, Lucknow, IN
4 Paras Hospitals, Gurugram, IN
5 Medical Affairs, Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Mumbai, IN
6 Centre for Clinical Research and Practice & Research Centre for Diabetes, Hypertension and Obesity, Samastipur, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 73, No 3 (2020), Pagination: 35-39Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) also known as disorders of gut-brain interaction are chronic, recurrent disorders with no identifiable underlying pathology. The FGID with upper abdominal pain and discomfort is the hallmark feature of functional dyspepsia. Around 11-30 % prevalence of functional dyspepsia is reported worldwide. One of the unique features of functional dyspepsia is transient deficiency of digestive enzymes in the system. Digestive enzymes are produced and secreted by the gastrointestinal system to break down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, to accomplish digestion and, afterwards, the absorption of nutrients. Supplementation with digestive enzymes could provide management of disorders caused by impaired digestive function. Various formulations of enzyme supplementation are available commercially in the market, and are currently used in clinical practice for the management of several digestive diseases. Probiotics have multi-faceted role, helping to restore the gut microbiota.
This review elaborates the potential of multi digestive enzymes along with probiotics in the management of digestive diseases and dyspepsia.
Keywords
Digestive enzyme, Probiotics, Functional Dyspepsia, Indigestion.References
- Stanghellini V. Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Beyond Rome IV. Dig Dis 2017; 35 (suppl 1):14-17
- Chandran S, et al. A review of functional gastrointestinal disorders: A primer for mental health professionals. Arch Ment Health. 2018; 19:70-81.
- Drossman DA. The Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the Rome III Process. Gastroenterology. 2006; 130(5):1377-90.
- Mearin F, Calleja JL. Defining functional dyspepsia. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2011; 103(12):640-7.
- Talley NJ, Ford AC. Functional Dyspepsia. N Engl J Med. 2015; 373(19):1853-63.
- Ghoshal UC, Singh R. Functional dyspepsia: the Indian scenario. J Assoc Physicians India. 2012 Mar; 60 Suppl:6-8.
- Mahadeva S, Goh KL. Epidemiology of functional dyspepsia: A global perspective. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12(17):2661-6.
- Talley NJ et al. Guidelines for the management of dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct; 100(10):2324-37.
- GianlucaIaniro et al. Digestive Enzyme Supplementation in Gastrointestinal Diseases. Curr Drug Metab. 2016 Feb; 17(2): 187-193.
- Swami OC, Shah N. Functional dyspepsia and the role of digestive enzymes supplement in its therapy. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2017 May; 6(5):1035-1041
- Laugier R, Bernard JP, Berthezene P, Dupuy P. Changes in pancreatic exocrine secretion with age: pancreatic exocrine secretion does decrease in the elderly. Digestion. 1991; 50(3-4):202-11.
- Feldman M, Cryer B, McArthur K, Huet BA, Lee E. Effects of aging and gastritis on gastric acid and pepsin secretion in humans: a prospective study. Gastroenterology. 1996; 110(4):1043-52.
- Madisch A, et al. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018 Mar; 115(13): 222-232.
- Samsom M, Verhagen MA, Van Berge H, Smout AJ. Abnormal clearance of exogenous acid and increased acid sensitivity of the proximal duodenum in dyspeptic patients. Gastroenterology. 1999; 116(3):515-20.
- Kusunoki H, Haruma K, Manabe N, Imamura H, Kamada T, Shiotani A, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of acotiamide in patients with functional dyspepsia based on enhanced postprandial gastric accommodation and emptying: randomized controlled study evaluation by real-time ultrasonography. Neuro gastroenterol Motil. 2012; 24(6):540-5.
- Du LJ, Chen BR, Kim JJ, Shen JH, Dai N. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2016; 22(12):3486-95.
- Banka N, Sawant P, Vartak M, Pawar D. Efficacy and Tolerability of Unienzyme MPS-A Multienzyme Preparation with Simethicone in Patients with Nonulcer, Dyspepsia. Indian Medical Gazette. 2001; 135(7):294-305.
- Khandke DA, Shirsath PA, Jain SK. Post-Marketing Surveillance Study to Assess the Efficacy and Tolerability of Al5zyme-A Multienzyme Preparation in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia. Indian Medical Gazette. 2013; 181-91.
- O’Toole PW, Cooney JC. Probiotic bacteria influence the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2008; 2008():175-285.
- Hemarajata P, Versalovic J. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan; 6(1): 39-51.
- GianlucaIaniro et al. Digestive Enzyme Supplementation in Gastrointestinal Diseases. Curr Drug Metab. 2016 Feb; 17(2): 187-193.
- Gut reaction: A limited role for digestive enzyme supplements. Available on: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/gut-reaction-a-limited-role-for-digestive-enzyme-supplements
- Pawar D. Efficacy and Tolerability of Unienzyme MPS-A Multienzyme Preparation with Simethicone in Patients with Non-ulcer, Dyspepsia. Indian Medical Gazette. 2001; 135(7):294-305.
- Khandke D et al. Post-Marketing Surveillance Study to Assess the Efficacy and Tolerability of Al5zyme-A Multienzyme Preparation in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia. Indian Medical Gazette. 2013; 181-91.
- Ahyani T. Lactobacillus probiotics for treating functional dyspepsia in children. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2016; 56(1):37-42.