Informatics Publishing Limited

Shruti Mishra ¹, Anshumali ¹

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, IN

Abstract

Species-area relationships (SARs) were characterized the spatial distributions of legumes and nonlegumes in three sites of the tropical deciduous forests around Jharia Coalfield (JCF) in the eastern part of India. Three 1 ha plots were established one in each site, located 6 to 20 km apart. Each plot was divided into 100 quadrats each of 10 m × 10 m in size. The observed species-area curves were initially steep followed by gradual species accumulation, but none of the sites did the curve reach an asymptote. These curves were best fitted by the power model due to low P value 2 (probability under the null hypothesis), high F ratio (regression mean square over the error mean square) and high Ra (adjusted coefficient of determination) indicating 1 ha sampling plots were intermediate in size in three sites. In this study, the Z-value decreased with increase in C-value indicating both were simply fitted constant and independent of biotic and abiotic characteristics of the sampling sites. The species-area relationships showed distinct habitat heterogeneity and dispersal limitation for "all species, legumes and nonlegumes" in the tropical deciduous forests.

Keywords

Coal Mine, Quadrat, Sar, Species Richness, Tropical Deciduous Forests.

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Shruti Mishra ¹, Adrija Chowdhuary ¹, Ashok Kumar Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Although display technologies have been matured enough in most of the applications field but an effort to make more&more compact and precise display, the newly emerging Organic semiconductor based light emitting diode (OLED) technology are taking place. High contrast, self-emitting property, high luminous efficiency, full-color capability, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, low weight, potentially large area colour displays, flexibility, low temperature fabrication, are some fantastic features, which makes organic semiconductor based OLED most promising for the upcoming future display Technology. The paper presents the review of OLED materials useful for flexible electronic applications and subsequent technological developments based on organic materials which have established a new discipline named as Organic Electronics. The fabrication of Organic semiconductor based devices comes up with nano-engineering for Macro-electronics application and transforms the electronics to excitonics.

Keywords

Organic Semiconductor, Display Devices Architecture, Materials, Fabrication.

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