Informatics Publishing Limited

Anita Kumari , R. N. Sehgal , Shailender Kumar

Abstract

Traditional agroforestry systems prevalent in Lahaul area was agri-silvicultural system. Generally five agroforestry systems were identified i.e. agri-horticultural, agri-silvicultural, agrisilvi- pastoral, pastoral-silviculture and pastoral-horticultural. Whereas, in District Kinnaur most prevalent agro-forestry system was agri-horticultural. Four agroforestry models were identified i.e. agri-horticultural, agri-silvicultural, pastoral-silvicultural and pastoral-horticultural. Major tree species of the area were Salix, Poplar and Apple.

Keywords

Agro-forestry Systems, Traditional, Lahaul, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh

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Shailender Kumar , R. C. Dhlman , R. K. Nayital

Abstract

The effect of containers and growing media was observed on morphological and biomass parameters of Pinus roxburghii Sargent seedlings. Different container types and growing media significantly influenced growth and biomass parameters of the seedlings. Polybags seedlings recorded maximum values for most of the parameters and these were in descending order for seedlings raised in coffee cups, hiko trays, earthen containers and ischolar_main trainer cups. Biomass parameters increased with increase in container size and were maximum for polybags. However, on hikotray volume basis, biomass parameters were highest in hikotray raised plants. Among growing media, Farm yard Manure (FYM) and pine bark raised seedlings recorded higher values of growth and biomass parameters than other growing media.

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Shailender Kumar ¹, Rahul Rishi ¹

Affiliations
1 Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: In this paper, tuple time-stamping temporal model is proposed for the retrieval of meteorological data. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: This paper accentuate upon the retrieval of temporal database by extending the functionality of Postgres database system. The tuple time-stamping approach is used to query the time-varying data. Conventional databases are not capable of managing temporal data as it is a series of snapshot relations. Findings: We proposed and implemented a temporal model for the retrieval of temporal data using the meteorological dataset of a particular location in the National Capital Region of Delhi for the year 2014.The results may be used for the analysis of climate trends. Applications/Improvement: Various temporal models have been proposed and implemented by the researchers but fewer efforts have been put in the real world problems.

Keywords

Temporal Database Model, Tuple Time-stamping, Temporal Relational Algebra, Valid Time.

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