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Anjali Malik ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Ajay Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Home is the social-biological unit that exerts the greatest influence on the development of the individual's behaviour. Researchers and theorists have increasingly recognized the role of home environment for the overall development of the children especially the adolescents. Keeping all this in mind, the present investigation was carried out to explore the relationships between home environment and self esteem. A correlational design was adopted in the present study. A sample of 200 adolescents (100 males and 100 females) of 10th and 11th standard was selected. The age range of the participants was 15-17 years. Home environment inventory and self esteem inventory were administered on the subjects individually. The data was analyzed by coefficient of correlation by Pearson's product moment method. The results indicated that out of ten dimensions of home environment only five dimensions are significantly related to self esteem. Punishment, social isolation and deprivation of privileges have been found significantly and negatively related the self esteem whereas significant and positive relationship have been found on reward and permissiveness dimensions amongst adolescents. It indicates that punishment, high social isolation and deprivation of privileges at home significantly lower the self esteem of adolescents. On the other hand, materialistic and symbolic rewards and freedom to express their views lead to high self esteem. No significant relationships were found between control, protectiveness, conformity, nurturance and rejection and self esteem amongst adolescents. From the present findings it can be inferred that modifications in the home environment can be made to make it favorable for the holistic development of adolescents.

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Anjali Malik ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Individual well being represents people's evaluation of their lives, and includes happiness, pleasant emotions, life satisfaction and a relative absence of the unpleasant moods and emotions. Well being depends not only on subjective factors but objective factors as well which include, among other things, the socio-political milieu in which the individual finds himself. Since governance is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented, an analysis of governance focuses on the formal and informal actors involved in decision-making and implementing the decisions made. Democratic decentralization is said to enhance governance, citizens' empowerment, and the quality of democracy, creating a virtuous cycle to improve the well-being of the citizens. Effective political institutions and decentralized decision making play crucial roles in enhancing happiness or well being of people.

Keywords

Well-being, Governance, Democratic Decentralization

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Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Anjali Malik ¹, Mamta ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 St. Paul College of Education, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Adolescence is one of the most important periods of life. Major physiological, cognitive and behavioral changes take place during this period. The marked physical and emotional growths of adolescents result in strains that frequently precipitate stress and anxiety as reflected in physiological, psychological and social behavior. This is the time when they need maximum attention, care and proper guidance of their parents. One's personality is substantially shaped by the environment to which one is exposed. So, the present investigation was aimed to explore the academic anxiety and general well being amongst adolescents belonging to rural and urban areas. A two group design was adopted in the present study. Each group consisted of 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) with an age range of 14-16 years. Academic anxiety scale and general well being scale were administered on the 100 adolescent students. Data was analyzed by using t- test. The results of the study showed that adolescents of urban area had significantly higher academic anxiety than the adolescents of rural area. No significant difference was found between two groups on general well being and its dimensions. Further, male adolescents belonging to rural area had significantly higher level of well being as compared to females of rural area. The study infers that adolescents in the urban milieu have to cope with heightened academic anxiety but, interestingly it does not affect their well being. The present study implies that there is a need to identify environmental influences contributing to academic anxiety and needs to be addressed.

Keywords

Acedemic Anxiety, General well Being, Adolescenta, Rural And Urban

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Suman Hooda ¹, Promila Batra ², Sarvdeep Kohli ²

Affiliations
1 Clinical Psychologist, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Arthritis is a chronic disease which has a very high incidence in India. The prevalence of RA in India is quite similar to that reported from the developed countries. It is higher than that reported from China, Indonesia, Philippines and rural Africa (Malaviya, Kapoor, Singh, Kumar&Pande,1993).The chronic disease involves a variety of acute pain that has been shown to cripple everyday activities. The consequent perceived loss of control affects the routine psychological and social adjustment. The pain and daily hassles lead to a variety of emotional reactions e.g. anxiety and depression etc. Therefore, it is all the more important to learn about how to cope with this disease. Keeping this in mind it was planned to study the coping strategies amongst the patients of arthritis and compare these with control group. A convenient sample of 120 subjects, 60 suffering from arthritis and 60 healthy controls (30 males and 30 females in each category), in age range of 35-50 years (mean age 42.04 years) was selected from rural/ urban area of Haryana. A two group design was employed with n = 60. Coping Responses Inventory (Adult Form) by Moos (1993) was administered. The analysis was done by employing t-test. The results indicated that the patients of arthritis were significantly high on avoidance coping. In two types of avoidance coping i.e., cognitive avoidance and acceptance or resignation were being more significantly used by arthritis patients in their daily living conditions. However, they did not differ in their approach coping strategies from the control group. Regarding approach coping strategies there was a significant difference in logical analysis whereas no significant difference was observed in other three types of approach coping i.e., positive reappraisal, seeking guidance and support and problem solving between the two groups. The findings have been discussed in terms of implications in preparing the psycho-educative programs for arthritis patients.

Keywords

No keywords

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Suman Hooda ¹, Promila Batra ², Sarvdeep Kohli ²

Affiliations
1 Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Arthritis is a chronic disease which has a very high incidence in India. The prevalence of RA in India is quite similar to that reported from the developed countries. It is higher than that reported from China, Indonesia, Philippines and rural Africa (Malaviva, Kapoor, Singh, Kumar & Pande, 1993). The chronic disease involves a variety of acute pain that has been shown to cripple everyday activities. The consequent perceived loss of control affects the routine psychological and social adjustment. The pain and daily hassles lead to a variety of emotional reactions e.g. anxiety and depression etc. Therefore, it is all the more important to learn about how to cope with this disease. Keeping this in mind it was planned to study the coping strategies amongst the patients of arthritis and compare these with control group. A convenient sample of 120 subjects, 60 suffering from arthritis and 60 healthy controls (30 males and 30 females in each category) in the age range of 35-50 years (mean age 42.04 years) was selected from rural/urban areas of Haryana. A two group design was employed with n=60. Coping Response Inventory (Adult Form) by Moos (1993) was administered. The analysis was done by employing t-test. The results indicated that the patients of arthritis were significantly high on avoidance coping. Two types of avoidance coping i.e., cognitive avoidance and acceptance or resignation were being more significantly used by the arthritis patients in their daily living conditions. However, they did not differ in the total approach coping strategies from the control group, although there was a significant difference in logical analysis. No significant difference was observed in other three types of approach coping i.e., positive reappraisal, seeking guidance and support and problem solving between the two groups. The findings have been discussed in terms of implications in preparing the psycho-educative programs for arthritis patients of arthritis.

Keywords

Coping Strategies, Arthritis Male and Female.

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Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Arunima Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Adolescence is specifically turbulent as well as dynamic period of one's life. Major physiological, cognitive and behavioral changes take place during this period necessitating need for establishing new attitudes, values and interests. The changes may also contribute to emotional tensions. These changes are experienced differently by males and females. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to explore gender differences in self esteem, academic anxiety and insecurity amongst adolescents. A two group design was adopted for the present study. Groups comprised of male and female adolescents. Each group consisted of 100 subjects with an age range of 13-16 years. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale by Morris Rosenberg, Academic Anxiety Scale for Children by Singh and SenGupta and Security-Insecurity Inventory by Tiwari and Singh were administered to 200 adolescents. Data was analyzed by using t-test. The results of the study showed that male adolescents scored significantly higher on self esteem whereas the feeling of insecurity was significantly higher in female adolescents. No significant difference was found between two groups on academic anxiety. The study infers that low self esteem and high insecurity in female adolescents need to be addressed.

Keywords

Self-Esteem, Academic Anxiety, Insecurity, Adolescents.

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Anjali Malik ¹, Arunima Gupta ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Yogic breathing is a unique method for balancing the ANS and influencing psychology and stress related disorders. Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) is a form of yoga practice that emphasizes rhythmic breathing exercises. The present study was undertaken with an aim to study the effect of SKY on stress levels as well as mental health of participants. The pre and post study involved a sample of 14 (7 males, 7 females) with age range from 23 to 60 years. Perceived Stress Scale, Self Esteem Scale and Mental Health Index which measures anxiety, depression, loss of behavioral/ environmental control, general positive affect, life satisfaction, psychological distress, psychological well being as well as a global mental health were administered. Results indicate that there is a significant decrease in anxiety and depression levels, increase in GPA, and increase in level of psychological well being, more life satisfaction and improved MHI score post intervention. Although no improvement was observed in the feelings of psychological distress, there was a highly significant rise in levels of psychological well-being. However, no improvements in the levels of self esteem or emotional ties have been observed. Implications of introduction of such programs in meeting the challenges of day to day life as well as for addressing specific problems have been discussed.

Keywords

Sudarshan Kriya, Mental Health, Perceived Stress, Self-Esteem.

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Varsha Rani ¹, Shilpa Kamboj ¹, Anjali Malik ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Adolescents have to face many difficulties and to deal with these, adolescents should be emotionally matured. The present study focuses on the impact of emotional maturity on self confidence and insecurity of adolescents. Both males and females were included in the study. A 2x2 factorial design was used for the present study. All the four groups i.e. high emotionally mature males, high emotionally mature females, low emotionally mature males and low emotionally mature females, comprised of 25 subjects with a total of 100 subjects in the age range of 15-17 years. Tools utilized were Emotional Maturity Scale, Agnihotri's Self-Confidence Inventory and Security-Insecurity (S-I) Inventory. Results indicate that adolescents who are high emotionally mature have more self confidence and higher sense of security in comparison to low emotionally mature adolescents. Gender of the adolescents has no impact on these variables.

Keywords

Emotional Maturity, Self Confidence and Insecurity.

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Varsha Rani ¹, Hemlata ², Anjali Malik ², Sarvdeep Kohli ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Forgiveness and Gratitude are character strengths that have direct and indirect associations with well being and mental health. This paper examines these connections or associations among young adults. So for this purpose, total sample comprising of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) within the age range of 22-28 years from Rohtak city was chosen. Tools utilized were Heartland Forgiveness Scale, the Gratitude Questionnaire- six item form (GQ-6) and the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF). Results indicate that both forgiveness and gratitude are related together as well as have a very strong positive relationship with mental health with forgiveness being the stronger predictor of the two. The study implicates that there is a great need to inculcate positive psychological strengths like forgiveness and gratitude in young adults to allow them to enjoy enhanced psychological well-being.

Keywords

Forgiveness, Gratitude and Mental Health.

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Shilpa Kamboj ¹, Varsha Rani ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Anjali Malik ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Emotions are intensively used in the blooming service industry. Expressing emotions while in interaction with customers is very important in call centre jobs. So, they must be emotionally competent to deal with customers so that they feel contented with job. The purpose of the present study is to assess and compare the emotional competence and quality of work life of male and female call center employees and to explore the relationship between the two. These variables were assessed by using Emotional Competence Scale given by Sharma and Bhardwaj and Quality of Working Life Questionnaire given by Mc Donald. A sample of 130 call center employees (65 male and 65 female employees) with an age range of 24-30 years of various call centers of Haryana were selected in the present investigation. Results indicate that male employees are more emotionally competent and have high level of quality of work life as compared to female employees. Also, there is a positive significant correlation between adequate depth of feeling and quality of work life in males and encouragement of positive emotions is significantly and negatively associated with quality of work life in female call center employees. The Implication of the present study is that employees should be helped to understand the role of emotions, to make them emotionally competent through training programs.

Keywords

Emotional Competence, Quality of Work Life, Call Center Employees.

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Anjali Malik ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Pooja Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Maharashi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Despite being aware of the harmful effects of smoking it still is prevalent all across the world cutting across regions, class and financial strata. Though a number of efforts are being made to educate the general public about deleterious effects of smoking but still smoking lures predominantly youngsters. Younger generation is thus facing the hazardous effects of smoking. Mental health is a state of psychological well-being, or an absence of a mental disorder. It is the "psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment". Smoking has been known to cause far reaching health consequences, not just at the physical level but mental level as well. Smoking is associated not only with the prevalence but also with first-ever incidence of mental disorders. The aim of the present study is to assess and compare the mental health of smokers and non smokers. So for this purpose, total sample comprising of 150 subjects in the age range of 22-28 years was taken. These 150 participants were divided into two groups Smokers (75) and Non-smokers (75). Tool utilized was the Mental Health Inventory. Results indicate poorer mental health in smokers. The study infers that psycho educative programmes should be made to address mental health problems of smokers.

Keywords

Smoking, Mental Health, Psychological Distress And Psychological Well Being.

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Kerosta Bai ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹, Anjali Malik ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Self-efficacy refers to the belief that people have in their abilities for success in a given task. Hope is a positive expectation of goal attainment. Self-efficacy and hope are character strengths that have direct and indirect association with mental health. The aim of present research is to explore the relationship between self-efficacy and hope with mental health among female university students. The sample comprised of 105 male (45) female (60) subjects within the age range of 22 to 28 years, selected from Rohtak city on the basis of availability. The adult hope scale, General self-efficacy scale (Hindi) and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) were used to measure the hope, self-efficacy and mental health respectively. Results indicate that both self-efficacy and hope are significantly positively correlated with mental health. Regression analysis showed that predictor variables (self-efficacy and hope) are able to predict mental health. The study implicates a great importance or need to include positive psychological strengths like self-efficacy and hope in young adults to allow them to enjoy enhanced psychological well-being.

Keywords

Self-Efficacy, Hope and Mental Health.

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Suruchi Ahlawat ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ²

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Creativity is the demand of the 21st-century. it gives birth to all the discoveries, interventions, and development. India being a developing country, raise a requirement of its youth to be more creative. Educators and counselors should identify, appreciate, and encourage different styles or techniques of creativity to enhance their students or clients' productivity. The diverging thinking module aims the same. it comprises of two strategies, i.e., brainstorming and SCAMPER. Creativity scores were measured through the non-verbal test of creativity. Pretesting and post-testing design were used for the collection of data. The results revealed that the module was effectively abled to influence creativity.

Keywords

Creativity, Divergent Thinking, Brainstorming, SCAMPER, Non-Verbal Test of Creativity.

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Manju ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, M. D. University , Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most important non-communicable diseases which are associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. The higher degree of anxiety leads to poor blood pressure control which may cause cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, retinal and renal problems and ultimately worsens the quality of life. So, the present study examined the relationship of anxiety with quality of life among hypertensives. For this purpose, a total sample of 60 clinically diagnosed hypertensives were selected from the age bracket of 35-55 years. The tools used were State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for measuring anxiety levels and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-BREF to measure the quality of life. The results show a negative and significant association of state anxiety and trait anxiety with the different domains of quality of life i.e. physical health, psychological, social relationships and environmental among hypertensives. The results suggest that degree of anxiety must be addressed in order to improve the quality of life among hypertensives.

Keywords

state anxiety , trait anxiety , quality of life and hypertensives

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Manju ¹, Sarvdeep Kohli ²

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Professor, Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Medical practitioners, yoga specialists, sociologists, philosophers, and most importantly, psychologists all collaborate in the realm of health. Hypertension is one of the most hazardous health conditions that may result in different chronic illnesses. Despite taking healthy diet, prescribed medication and regular exercise some people still suffer from high blood pressure which indicates role of psychological factors in the development of hypertension. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore differences in the levels of perceived stress and depression among hypertensives and healthy controls. A two group design was adopted in the present study. The sample comprised of 100 participants (50 hypertensives & 50 healthy controls) with the age range of 35-55 years. The tools used for the study were: Perceived Stress Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data was analyzed by using ttest. Results indicated that hypertensives scored significantly higher on perceived stress and depression than healthy controls. The outcomes suggest that hypertensive individuals require greater psychological management beside medical care.

Keywords

perceived stress, depression, hypertensives, healthy controls

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