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Sahoo, Santiswarup
- Active Fault Study along Foothill Zone of Kumaun Sub-Himalaya: Influence on Landscape Shaping and Drainage Evolution
Abstract Views :269 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Javed N. Malik
1,
Afroz A. Shah
1,
Sambit P. Naik
1,
Santiswarup Sahoo
1,
Koji Okumura
2,
Nihar R. Patra
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
2 Department of Geography, Faculty of Letters, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8522, JP
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
2 Department of Geography, Faculty of Letters, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8522, JP
Source
Current Science, Vol 106, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 229-236Abstract
The Kumaun Sub-Himalaya region is one of the most active regions falling into Seismic Zone V along the Himalaya. The geomorphology and drainage patterns in the area of active faulting and related growing fold provide significant information on the ongoing tectonic activity. The Kaladungi Fault (KF), an imbricated thrust fault of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust system provides an excellent example of forward and lateral propagation of fault and related folding in both directions along the strike of the fault. The KF has displaced the distal part of the Kaladungi fan surface resulting into formation of south-facing active fault scarp with variable heights along the front. In the east, the uplifted fan surface is ∼60 m, is comparatively higher in the central part with height of ∼200 m and ∼80 m high in the west. The variation in heights along the fault is attributed to lateral propagation of fault and associated fold in both directions (i.e. east and west) from the centre. These clearly testify displacement starting at nucleation in the centre and propagating laterally in an elliptical manner. The northwest and southeast propagation of KF has resulted into diversion of the Dabka and Baur rivers respectively. A marked diversion of the modern Dabka river along its present course from east to west can be traced between Shivlalpur and Karampur towns, covering a distance of about 10-12 km. Similarly, the Baur river is shifted from west to east by about 5-6 km between Kamola and Kaladungi towns. The diversion of Dabka and Baur rivers can well be justified by the existence of palaeo-wind-gaps through which these rivers flowed earlier during the recent past. The wind-gaps are characterized by about 0.5-1.0 km wide incised valley extending in NE-SW direction between Kaladungi and Karampur along the frontal zone.Keywords
Active Fault, Fold and Thrust Belt, Lateral Propagation, River Diversion.Full Text
- Unravelling the Hidden Truth from Vigukot in the Great Rann of Kachchh, Western India by Surface and Sub-Surface Mapping
Abstract Views :251 |
PDF Views:123
Authors
Javed N. Malik
1,
Mahendrasinh S. Gadhavi
2,
Sravanthi Satuluri
3,
Saurav Kumar
3,
Santiswarup Sahoo
4,
Bhuvan Vikrama
5
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
2 Civil Engineering Department, L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
4 Department of Geology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751 004, IN
5 Archaeological Survey of India, Agra Circle, Agra 282 002, IN
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
2 Civil Engineering Department, L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, IN
4 Department of Geology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751 004, IN
5 Archaeological Survey of India, Agra Circle, Agra 282 002, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 10 (2017), Pagination: 1906-1917Abstract
The Vigukot Fort is in ruins lying along the northern fringe of the Great Rann of Kachchh, Gujarat, India This settlement is located on the left bank of the palaeochannel of the Nara river – a tributary of River Indus. We conducted Real Time Kinematics and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys for surface and subsurface. The digital elevation model (DEM) reveals an average elevation ranging from 2 to 4 m from mean sea-level. Two elevated areas: EA1 (site 1) and EA2 (site 2) represent residential areas in the township. EA1 located on higher ground (3–4 m amsl) in the eastern portion comprised of a housing complex of larger dimensions. Two rooms with an area of 650 and 250 sq. ft respectively, possibly indicative of living rooms attached with a courtyard suggest that highranked authorities occupied this portion of the township. EA2 with low-elevation (3 m amsl) marked by a smaller residential complex may be indicative of a trade complex along the western flank of the township. On the basis of 3D GPR survey we infer two levels of settlement at EA1 and one level of settlement at EA2. EA1 remained as a residential complex as reflected from both the levels, whereas EA2 was a trading complex close to the main gateway G1. Probably two scenarios prevailed: (1) Both areas flourished likewise at the first level and might have got disturbed by an earthquake; later EA1 may have been reoccupied while EA2 was left to be an open trading complex at the second level (recent). (2) During the first level of occupancy, EA1 was probably a residential complex (having enclosed walls), and EA2 might be the trading complex (with partially enclosed walls lying opposite to G1). Both the areas were affected during the disaster, and the second level of occupancy EA1 was rebuilt and occupied, whereas EA2 was used without renovation. Moreover, the 1819 earthquake probably destroyed both the areas completely and led to their abandonment.Keywords
Ground Penetrating Radar Survey, Regression of Settlements, Surface and Subsurface Mapping.Full Text
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