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Sachin Agarwal ¹, Geeta Gupta ², S. K. Sayal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Dermatology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad (UP), IN
2 Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad (UP), IN

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common, chronic inflammatory condition, which frequently present with symptoms of pain and irritation. OLP is difficult to manage. Existing clinical trials have shown that oral Dapsone and topical corticosteroids are often effective in the management of OLP. However, Tacrolimus has recently been shown to be an effective treatment of OLP without any side effects.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Dapsone (alone), Dapsone + Tacrolimus (topical) and Dapsone +Triamcinolone (topical) in management of OLP. Material and Method: In this randomized comparative double-blind study, 57 patients with oral lesions consistent clinically and histologically with OLP were recruited. Patients were divided into three groups of 17 and 22 & 18. In group-1, 17 patients were given oral Dapsone alone. In group-2, 22 patients were given oral Dapsone and topical Tacrolimus (0.1%).while in group 3, 18 patients were given oral Dapsone with topical Triamcinolone acetonide (0.1%).

Results: Group 2 in which oral Dapsone and topical Tacrolimus (0.1%) given showed the best results i.e. good response shown by 45.45% patients and excellent response shown by 36.36% patients without any major side effects.

Conclusions: The study showed that Dapsone in combination with topical Tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) is safe, well tolerated, and effective therapy for OLP

Keywords

Dapsone, Oral Lichen Planus, Topical Therapy, Tacrolimus Ointment, Triamcinolone Acetonide

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Geeta Gupta ¹, Sachin Agarwal ², S. K. Sayal ², G. K. Gupta ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, (UP) India, IN
2 Department of Dermatology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, (UP), IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad UP, IN

Abstract

Background: Human pathogenic dermatophytes are keratinophilic molds that infect human skin, nails and hairs. Three genera (Trichophyton, Micosporum and Epidermophyton) of these organisms exist: however, their preferred sites for infections vary. Current management often consists of the topical and systemic administration of antifungal agents or a combination of both. However, these approaches may not be successful in every case due to such factors as difficulty with long term application of topical medications. Despite the successful use of systemic medications side effects and drug resistance remains a major obstacle. The treatment of dermatophyte infections represents a significant cost burden.

Aims and Objectives: To study the epidemiology, clinical types and mycological features of dermatophytes from various clinical samples from dermatology department, Santosh Hospital.

Material and Method: A total of 100 samples were collected including infected skin, hair and nail samples for a period of six months. Before collecting the samples, 70% alcohol was applied to the infected area and ensured that it was totally dried. Skin samples were collected by scraping, nail sample by clipping and hair samples collected by using sterile forcep or scalpel. Identification was done by KOH mount, culture on SDA, pigment production, lactophenol cotton blue staining and biochemical tests and slide culture techniques.

Results: Dermatophytosis was manifested clinically more in the age group 21 - 30 years age. Tinea corporis was the predominant clinical presentation followed by Tinea cruris. Tinea capitis was the predominant clinical presentation in children and Tinea manuum was the commonest clinical type found in female patients. In the present study the male to female ratio was found 1.5 : 1. Majority of patients were belonged to the low socio-economic status. Trichophyton rubrum was the predominant pathogen followed by the Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

Conclusion: Tinea corporis was found the most common clinical type of dermatophytosis and Trichophyton rubrum was found the most common fungal isolate in this part of Uttar Pradesh.

Keywords

Dermatophytosis, Tinea Corporis, Trichophyton Rubrum, Cutaneous Fungus

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Sachin Agarwal ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Financial Students, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, IN

Abstract

The SEBI ruling requiring issue houses to issue public offerings (IPO's, new issues, etc.) in compulsory demat mode has created an anomaly which keeps the small and long-term investor out of the game. The benefits that would have accrued to small investors are snatched away by the larger & powerful players. The IPOs of banks and companies like Maruti Udyog, NTPC and TV Today etc. had claimed to target the small investor, but the small investor had in fact been a mere conduit to channel the holdings to larger players. This defeated the objective of creating wide-spread public participation and holding in the disinvestment of profitable stocks. Based on actual market study and observations of the author, this case study raises vital and provocative policy issues such as: Who is the beneficiary of IPOs in compulsory dematerialised mode? It also highlights the failure of SEBI (the Securities Exchange Board of India), depositories and the major stock exchanges in addressing the cause of the small and marginal investors beyond lip-service and cosmetic efforts like framing rules for orderly 'development' and 'regulation' of the capital market. This study suggests some practical solutions to correct the anomaly.

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