Informatics Publishing Limited

E. Sambandam ¹, K. Rangaswami ², S. Thamizharasan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Clinical Psychology Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Missions University, Commune, Puducherry, IN
2 Department of Clinical Psychology, Sweekar Rehabilitation Institute for Handicapped, Secundrabad, IN
3 Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRM University, Kattangulathur, Kanchipuram, IN

Abstract

Applied behaviour analysis (ABA) refers to the basic theories of behaviour developed by Watson (1913), Thorndike (1921) and Skinner (1938) and later by other authors. Teaching methods based on ABA, include the research-based instructional strategies used with (1) Discrete Trial Training (DTT), it is effective for teaching academic and receptive language skills. (2) Pivotal Response Training (PRT), to teach expressive language, play, increasing generalization and social interaction skills and (3) Teaching Functional Routines (FR), daily routines and self-care skills are taught using this strategy (Arick & Falco, 1989; Rrantz et al., 1993). The ABA strategies provide a powerful tool for enabling children with autism to meet important daily living skills and special educational aspects. The aim of the study was to conduct ABA programme on 15 children with autism to evaluate the usefulness of ABA based comprehensive treatment and to compare with a group of 15 children with autism receiving treatment as usual, pre and post intervention model was used. Instruments validated were used to assess the severity of the disorder, developmental levels, language and adaptive functioning before starting intervention and one year after treatment. Instruments used are Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST-II), Receptive Expressive Emergent Language Scale (REELS) and Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS). Paired “t” test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data obtained. Results: the findings revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvement in relation to symptoms reduction and improvement in Specific behaviours compare to control group. The overall score on CARS showed that the severity level of the intervention group had shown significant changes in the positive direction. Improvements in various developmental areas were seen in DDST-II. Similarly significant improvements in receptive, expressive language were brought out. VSMS showed significant improvement in all sub-domains. Comparatively no significant differences found for the control group except language area.

Keywords

ABA Programme, Children with Autism, Developmental Areas, Symptom Reduction

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S. Ramkumar ¹, V. Kamaraj ², S. Thamizharasan ¹, S. Jeevananthan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, Surya College of Engineering & Technology, Vikiravandi 605652, IN
2 Department of EEE, SSN College of Engineering, IN
3 Department of EEE, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, IN

Abstract

The recent developments in the field VLSI made Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) as one of the principal components in high performance processors especially in the area of communication engineering and power conversion utilities. FPGA have become an alternative solution for the realization of digital control systems, previously dominated by general purpose microprocessors/microcontrollers. In this paper, a reconfigurable Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC) based on FPGA, used a gating pulse generator to generate gating pulses for power converters is presented. In addition, Modelsim SE is used for simulation study and validation of the proposed algorithm before implementation.

Keywords

FPGA, Programmable Architecture, Multilevel Inverter, Pulse Width Modulation.

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Yogaraj Banerjee ¹, S. Thamizharasan ², Prosenjit Ghosh ³

Affiliations
1 Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
2 Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN

Abstract

Indian Summer Monsoon is an integrated component of the global climate system. The spatial movement of ITCZ at seasonal and orbital time scales is revealed in the ensemble of terrestrial and marine records covering the last 50,000 years. We deduced an evolutionary shift in the precipitation pattern near western North America, Mediterranean and South East Asia based on the estimated water isotopic composition from the δ¹⁸Ocarbonate and Δ₄₇ thermometer. Record revealed three stages of climate transition: mid-Holocene optima, Younger Dryas and Last glacial maxima. Estimated mean arid air temperature was 9–21°C and 12–35°C during the glacial and interglacial periods respectively. The June summer solar insolation at 65°N is captured in the temperature record linked with ice volume, atmospheric CO2 levels and sea surface temperature; factors influencing the monsoon precipitation near mid-latitude region worldwide.

Keywords

Clumped Isotopes, Monsoon, Orbital Forcing.

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