Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Sriraman ¹, M.A. Panneerselvam ²

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Bharath University, Chennai, IN
2 Professor, Department of EEE, Tagore Engineering College, IN

Abstract

A Fuzzy controlled DC-DC buck converters which maintains the load for various load and line conditions is presented in this paper. Processors exhibit variation in load current dynamically from few mA to Amps during operation. In this paper efficiency optimization is carried out for light and heavy load scenarios for variations in supply by varying the duty cycle of switching device. The primary design objective is to maintain the load due to dynamic changes in load. A Fuzzy logic approach for DC-DC buck converter is applied to validate the proposed methods in a Zero Current Switching (ZCS) Quasi Resonant (QR) Buck Converter which is operated in Half - wave (HW) mode at higher frequencies to substantially reduce switching loss and hence attain higher efficiency and power density. Analysis is done in four modes using an unified Generalized State Space Averaging (GSSA) technique to obtain its mathematical model and this technique focus mainly on the low frequency behaviour of the circuit, giving a low order representation.

Keywords

ZCS, QR Buck Converter, Non Linear Control And GSSA

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S. Sriraman ¹, M.A. Panneerselvam ²

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Bharath University, Chennai, IN
2 Professor, Department of EEE, Tagore Engineering College, IN

Abstract

A Fuzzy controlled DC-DC buck converters which maintains the load for various load and line conditions is presented in this paper. Processors exhibit variation in load current dynamically from few mA to Amps during operation. In this paper efficiency optimization is carried out for light and heavy load scenarios for variations in supply by varying the duty cycle of switching device. The primary design objective is to maintain the load due to dynamic changes in load. A Fuzzy logic approach for DC-DC buck converter is applied to validate the proposed methods in a Zero Current Switching (ZCS) Quasi Resonant (QR) Buck Converter which is operated in Half - wave (HW) mode at higher frequencies to substantially reduce switching loss and hence attain higher efficiency and power density. Analysis is done in four modes using an unified Generalized State Space Averaging (GSSA) technique to obtain its mathematical model and this technique focus mainly on the low frequency behaviour of the circuit, giving a low order representation.

Keywords

ZCS, QR Buck Converter, Non Linear Control And GSSA

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S. Sriraman

Abstract

In an analysis of the Soviet transport experience, Hunter (1968), while drawing implications of this experience for the developing countries, maintained that countries in the early stages of economic development can learn one lesson of fundamental importance: Transport investment is a concomitant of, not a precondition for, economic development. Such countries need not accept the orthodox view, based on a misreading of the nineteenth century experience in the United States, that large scale expensive transport facilities must be laid down before agriculture and industry can begin to grow. Transport capacity can be expanded as the demand for it grows rather than being provided in advance'. But it is equally true (William 1962) that plant location has been forced to conform to railway location. The widely accepted view of the Soviet experience demonstrates that the transport sector can be made to serve an industrial development programme without itself becoming the largest single claimant for capital plant and equipment. While it is emphasised that the reasons of the Soviet experience mainly relates to the problems of less developed countries, it has also a number of interesting implications for highly developed economies. It is necessary that they too are conscious of the close connection between national objectives and an appropriate set of transport policies.

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T. V. S. Ramamohan Rao , S. Sriraman

Abstract

The infrastructure provided by the railway system has all along been one of the most important factors responsible for sustaining a growing and diversified economy. Movements of individuals, raw materials, as well as finished goods, made possible by the availability of the railway network, facilitated efficient utilization of resources over both space and time.

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S. Sriraman

Abstract

The problem of providing adequate wagon capacity on the Indian Railways has been severe for quite some time. In a more general context, the National Transport Policy Committee (Report of the National Transport Policy Committee, 1980, p. 21) observed that "During the last decade in particular, the growth of transport capacity lagged behind requirements of the economy, so much so that difficulties and problems arose in almost every part of the country in regard to movement of essential commodities needed for industrial and agricultural development and for meeting the consumer needs of the community."

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S. Sriraman , T. V. S. Ramamohan Rao , S. P. Palaniswamy

Abstract

In almost all dynamic economies there is a persistent increase in demand over time for goods and services at the existinig market locations and new consumption centres come into existence almost continuously. Typically, in the shortrun in particular, such increases in demand do not bring about an equivalent growth of new firms and/or location of branches of existing units. The process of adaptation involves considerable time lags. The comparison between incremental production costs with the marginal cost of shipments from existing locations primarily account for this observed behavioural pattern. However, over a conceptual medium run of time horizon the producers will prefer to increase the length of haul and quantum of shipments from plants already in operation (Conroy, 1974, pp. 234-42).

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S. Sriraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune 411 004, IN

Abstract

Railway finances are closely linked to the role that has been traditionally assigned to the railway system in the development of the Indian Economy. But given a mandate of performance on commercial lines in a liberalised economic policy framework, the railways have been required to depend mainly on internal resource generation for funding maintenance and expansion of the network. However, an alternative approach, which could have served as a basis to operationalise strategies to launch the railways onto such a process, has not been put in place. This paper examines an understanding of the problems and constraints which the railways encounter in their efforts to fit into the new economic policy framework.

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S. Sriraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, University of Mumbai, IN

Abstract

A scrutiny of the financial performance of State Road Transport Undertakings in India in the past decade reveals a trend of increasing losses which could be partly attributed to inefficiency and partly to uncompensated burden of social obligations and constraints in the external operating environment. Analytical exercises involving physical and financial parameters have pointed out the need for better vehicle utilisation (in terms of the load factor) and an effective fare strategy in order to set the organisations on a long-term viable growth path. However, this needs to be accompanied by a process of 'major systemic' reforms in terms of the policy guidelines imposed on these Undertakings.

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S. Sriraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, University of Mumbai, IN

Abstract

Over the last two decades, rapid population growth and spatial expansion has led to a sharp increase in demand for urban transport facilities and services in many cities in India especially the metropolitan ones which have attracted significant investments in high-technology industries thanks to a competitive and highly qualified workforce. Given this situation, it is well recognised that efficient and reliable urban transport systems are crucial for India to sustain a high growth rate. But several factors mostly inadequate and faulty policy initiatives have hindered the adequate and timely provision of services. In this paper, an attempt is made to propose an appropriate policy framework that needs to be in place to initiate and encourage useful solutions to tackle the urban transport problem in the Indian context.

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S. Sriraman

Abstract

Taking over as Editor of the Journal of the Indian School of Political Economy does give me frightening thoughts especially whenvery distinguished people have precededmein this position. I am very apprehensive at this moment on being comfortable in this position. But I am convinced that I could be a useful and continuing part of the experiment of the School to disseminate analytical studies on current developmental issues but one that is an inter-disciplinary one covering the disciplines of economics, political science and sociology.

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S. Sriraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian School of Political Economy, Pune, IN

Abstract

The urbanisation process has been quite rapid all across the world in the past several decades resulting in high rates of growth of economies while, at the same time, being accompanied by severe problems of inadequate housing and other infrastructural facilities like transport, water supply, etc. Even in a developing country like India, issues arising out of urban growth and thereby urban transformation are assuming great significance. In this paper, we examine the various issues that have been thrown up in India in the past as a result of transformation of economies into urban ones and the challenges that are currently being faced especially in the context of provision of transport services in the course of attempts being made in cities to be made more smart and live able by way of an adequate level of delivered public services which are required to support a good and reasonable quality of life for everyone who resides there.

Keywords

Urbantransformation, Urbantransport Problem, Inclusivegrowth, Smart Cities Growth, Futuristic Challenges.

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S. Sriraman

Abstract

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Keywords

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