Informatics Publishing Limited

T. Bendigeri ¹, N. Warty ², R. Sawant ², P. Dasmahapatra ³, K. Padte ⁴, A. Humane ⁵, A. Chauhan ⁶, S. Begum ⁶, S. Khan ¹, R. Gajbhiye ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, J. M. Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, IN
2 Sanjivani Diagnostic Centre and General Maternity Home, Alaknanda apartment, Dattani Park, Kandivali (East), Mumbai 400101, IN
3 Spectrum clinic & Endoscopy Research Institute, 6A & 6F Neelamber, 28B, Shakespeare Sarani Kolkata 700 017, West Bengal, IN
4 Dr Kedar's Maternity, Infertility and Surgical Hospital, Endoscopy and IVF Center, Aakash Bhavan, 2nd Floor, Opposite Mathias Plaza, Above Mapusa Urban Co-op Bank, Panji, 403 001, Goa, IN
5 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440009, IN
6 Additional professor and Unit Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial (KEM) Hospital, Mumbai 400012, IN

Abstract

Background/Purpose of Study: Endometriosis, a common, chronic, gynecological condition, has a burden of around 176 million women globally and ∼26 million women alone in India. It is associated with chronic pelvic pain, subfertility, dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia. Information about clinical phenotype of endometriosis is lacking in India. Additionally, the correlation between the symptoms and different characteristics of endometriosis has not been estimated in the Indian population yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical phenotype of women with endometriosis and to describe the unusual cases of endometriosis.

Methods: Clinical phenotype of endometriosis was studied in a total of 500 women with endometriosis.

Results: Out of 500 cases, 87 (15%) of endometriosis cases were classified as Peritoneal, 291 (58%) as ovarian and 122 (24%) were having deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE/RV). The disease was classified into Stage I-II (n=183) and Stage III-IV (n=317) as per the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM). In the cohort of women with endometriosis, 77% women experienced dysmenorrhea, 23% dyspareunia, 34% chronic pelvic pain and 14% suffered from dyschezia. Around 13% women had family history of endometriosis. Sixty six percent women either had primary or secondary infertility and 33% had history of miscarriage. We also detected endometriosis having unusual presentation such as endometriosis associated endometrioid type of ovarian cancer, cervical endometriosis, endometriosis associated with didelphys uterus.

Conclusion: The incidence of endometriosis is rising in India and hence there is a need to develop uniform guidelines for the diagnosis and management of endometriosis.

Keywords

Endometriosis, Dysmenorrhea, Chronic Pelvic Pain, Dyspareunia, Dyschezia.

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B. Ahmed ¹, M. H. Masoodi ², S. Khan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi -110 062, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K - 190 006, IN

Abstract

Different extracts of whole plant of Marrubium vulgare L (Lamiaceae) were investigated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in male Albino Wister rats. The activity of these extracts (500-mg/kg b. w for 7 days) was compared with the standard drug silymarin (Silybon-70, 10 mg/kg-b.w). The petroleum ether, chloroform and methanolic extracts have shown significant hepatoprotective activity by reducing the elevated levels of serum enzymes such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) by 17.69, 67.0 and 30.80%, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) by 19.0, 22.30 and 39.29%, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 17.32, 28.99, 35.38% and increased total protein (TP) by 22.49, 31.84, and 34.29% respectively indicating that the methanol extract was the most active among the three extracts as compared to standard drug silymarin, which decreased SGOT by 53.04, SGPT by 55.96, ALKP by 35.87 and increased TP levels by 59.24% against CCl₄ intoxicated rats in comparison to normal control. These biochemical observations were also supplemented by histopathological examinations of the liver sections. The results showed that the methanolic extract was the most active among all the extracts.

Keywords

Hepatoprotective, Carbon Tetrachloride, Marrubium Vulgare, Silymarin.

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Md. Jawed ¹, R. Lekhi ¹, N. Vasure ¹, R. Jatav ¹, S. Khan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Gwalior (M.P.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at university guava orchard, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Gwalior (M.P.) during the year 2014-15. Guava plants were treated with zinc sulphate at 0.2 per cent, 0.3 per cent and 0.4 per cent and GA₃ at 30 ppm, 60 ppm and 90 ppm along with a control. Higher concentration of zinc sulphate (0.40%) and GA₃ (90 ppm) spray enhanced the tertiary shoot length (8.08 cm), Shoot diameter (4.26 mm) and number of leaves per shoot (7.10). The maximum fruit set (95.55%) and fruit retention (77.48%) was recorded with higher dose of zinc sulphate and GA₃. The higher dose of zinc sulphate and GA3 minimize the fruit drop (18.07%). Maximum TSS (11.65) was recorded in higher dose of zinc sulphate and GA₃. Minimum acidity (0.20%) was recorded in higher dose.

Keywords

Foliar Spray, Zinc Sulphate, GA₃, Quality of Guava.

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S. Khan , G. B. Jena

Abstract

Recently, sodium valproate (VPA) has been proven as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and potentiates the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs, and also exhibit promising anti‑cancer activity. Present study aimed to investigate the influence of pre‑ and post‑treatment of VPA on cyclophosphamide (CP) induced genotoxicity and germ cell toxicity in mice. All the animals were treated with VPA at the dose of 500 mg/kg/day on alternate day thrice/week for a period of two weeks, CP at the dose of 200 mg/kg on 7th and 15th day and sacrificed 24 h after administration (i.p.) of the last dose. End point of evaluation includes sperm count, sperm head morphology, sperm comet assay and histology. VPA treatment significantly decreases CP induced sperm count, testes and epididymis weight; increased sperm head abnormality and sperm DNA damage. Both VPA pre‑ and post‑treatment augmented CP induced DNA damage and the germ cell toxicity; however, pre‑treatment induced more cytotoxicity and genotoxicity as compared to post‑treatment.

Keywords

Cyclophosphamide, DNA damage, histone deacetylase inhibitor, mice, sodium valproate

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