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G. Karthikeyan ¹, S. Chandrasekar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem-5, IN
2 Sona PERT R&D Center, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem-636005, IN

Abstract

The frequency control is basically a matter of speed control of the machines in the generating stations. The load frequency control (LFC) helps to keep the net interchange of power between pool members at predetermined values. The objective of LFC is to minimize the transient deviations and to provide zero steady state errors of these variables in a very short time. This paper deals with various controllers like without Controller, proportional integral (PI) Controller and fuzzy logic Controller for three area load frequency control in co-ordination with auxiliary frequency controllers is proposed by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. It is designed for a power system comprising areas interconnected by normal tie-lines and frequency controllable High Voltage Direct Current transmission links were auxiliary frequency controllers are used. The qualitative and quantitative comparisons have been carried out for without Controller, proportional integral (PI) and fuzzy logic Controllers. The superiority of the performance of fuzzy over without Control and PI is highlighted.

Keywords

ALFC, ACE, Decentralized Control, HVDC Tie Line.

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R. Malathi ¹, G. Melchias ², S. Chandrasekar ¹, A. Cholarajan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University College, Perambalur-621 212, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph College, Trichy –620 002, IN
3 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Chandrasekaran College of Arts and Science, Pattukkottai – 614 626, Tamilnadu,, IN

Abstract

The role of aluminium and phosphorus on the secretion of acid phosphatase in the callus culture of Brassia juncea was studied. Callus culture derived from leaves of mustard (Brassica juncea) plants. Proliferated calluses were subjected to P-deficient as well as P-sufficient conditions in the presence and absence of aluminium. The 10 days old calluses were harvested and so the culture medium in which they were cultured, for analysis of acid phosphatase, protein and amino acid content.

Keywords

Tissue Culture, Brassica juncea, Callus.

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C. Kalaivananand ¹, S. Chandrasekar ²

Affiliations
1 Research scholar, Anna University, Sona College of Technology, Salem-636005, IN
2 Dean (R&D), Head/Sona PERT Centre, Sona College of Technology, Salem-636005, IN

Abstract

Failure of underground cables due to electrical treeing phenomena in the polymeric insulating material is a major threat for the safe and reliable operation of power system network. Hence many research works are being carried out in the development of high performance insulating materials for underground cables. Nano-composites are emerging as a new class of insulating materials for demanding application in all electrical equipment used in the electric power network. Both electrical and thermal properties are improved with the addition of nano fillers in the polymeric materials. In this work, the electrical tree inception and propagation were studied in the cable insulation material at different nano filler concentrations. SiO2 nano-filler was used in the XLPE base material. Nano-fillers were added at different concentrations such as 1% and 3% by weight in the base material. Laboratory experiments were conducted as per IEC procedures at AC voltage magnitudes of 12 kV. Influence of filler concentration on the inception and propagation of electrical treeing were studied. Analysis of time to failure of XLPE materials at different nano-filler concentrations were carried out.

Keywords

XLPE, electrical treeing,tree length ,breakdown time, nano filler

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S. Prabhu ¹, S. Chandrasekar ², P. Kaliappan ³

Affiliations
1 Senior Research Fellow, Power System Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore – 560 080, Karnataka, IN
2 Principal/Professor, Department of EEE, Gnanamani College of Technology, Namakkal-637018. Tamilnadu, IN
3 Engg. Officer. Gr.-4, Power System Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore – 560 080, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Power flow is the basic tool for power system analysis which reveals the system operation in a steadystate mode for evaluation of the power system planning and operations. The accuracy, simulation time, computer storage size and convergence of any model used depend largely on the size of the bus admittance matrix of the system under study. This paper, therefore, presents the study of the bus admittance matrix of the different systems with sparse techniques. And also analyze the number of zeros and non-zeros element in the different systems with minimum ordering schemes. The proposed method is validated using a 5-bus, 30-bus, 118-bus and 300-bus systems. The results are presented in graphical form and discussed. The sparse Matrix techniques show that as the system is increasing in size, the percentage of stored bus admittance elements decreases and changing the order of the nodes gives more impact on the size of the system. Thus, an appreciable reduction in the computer memory required to store the bus admittance matrix and in turn reduces the overall simulation time.

Keywords

Sparse Matrix Techniques, Non-zero element and LU Factorization.

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