Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Balaji , Indira Kalyanasundaram

Abstract

Efficacy of certain indigenous fumigants as anti-microbial agents was evaluated in the present work. Against three test organisms viz.,Bacillus subtilis Ehrenberg, Aspergillus niger V.Tiegh, Aspergillus flavus Link., efficacy of fumes of incense,Garlic,Turmeric,Neem,Vitex, Ficus and cowdung cake were tested.Spore carriers with known concentration of spores were subjected to fumes of indigenous fumigants.The spores exposed were tested for their viability. Viable count of experimental and control plates were compared and the survival percentage was calculated.Garlic fumes and Incense fumes were most effective against bacteria. Fumes of garlic, turmeric, cowdung cake, incense and Ficus exhibited powerful anti-fungal activity. The potential use of indigenous fumigants in sterilization and food grain preservation has been discussed.

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S. Balaji

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Joint Forest Management (JFM) is eliciting peoples' participation in the management of natural forests for sustainable management. The Interface Forestry Programme implemented to reclothe degraded forests since 1988 is a precursor to the present JFM initiatives in Tamil Nadu. The advantages and constraints in using JFM approach are discussed. The synergetic effect of biological , hydrological and sociological approaches adopted in JFM strives to ameliorate the conditions of rural people and facilitate their co-operation in the management of adjacent degraded natural forests in an integrated manner. Such an approach promises not only rejuvenation of the natural forests but also improved quality of life of the people living adjacent to the forests.

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S. Balaji

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No Abstract

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P. Sekar ¹, G. Vengatesh ¹, M. Kathiresh Kumar ¹, S. Balaji ¹, M. A. Akbarsha ², M. M. Aruldhas ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai - 600 113, IN
2 Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, IN
3 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras Taramani Campus, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

Reproductive and embryonic toxicity of hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is known, and adult testis is one of its vulnerable targets. However, it is not known if gestational and lactational exposure to excess Cr affects development and functions of Leydig cells during postnatal life. It is hypothesized that gestational/lactational exposure to CrVI may affect Leydig cell development and differentiation and its functions during postnatal life extending into adulthood. Pregnant [gestational days 9 to 21] and lactating [postnatal days (PND) 1 to 21] rats were exposed to 50ppm and 100ppm CrVI (K₂Cr₂O₇) through drinking water, and testis was collected on PND 30, 60, 90 and 120, and subjected to light and transmission electron microscopic analysis. Serum testosterone and estradiol were determined adopting RIA. Histological evaluation of testes revealed hypertrophy and vacuolation of Leydig cells of CrVI-exposed rats; transmission electron micrographs (TEM) showed lipid accumulation, swollen mitochondria and disorganized smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Lactational exposure to CrVI led to decrease in the number of mitochondria and collapse of mitochondrial cristae. In general, the changes were obvious in PND 30 rats, and became less pronounced by PND 60 to become normal by PND 90. Serum testosterone and estradiol levels showed a general trend of opposite response to CrVI exposure. Gestational exposure to CrVI caused increase in testosterone level in prepuberal rats, but the trend was reversed by PND 60, and by PND 120 its level was more than in coeval controls. A similar trend was noticed in rats which had lactational exposure to CrVI but for a consistent increase in both steroids in PND 30 and PND 60 old rats which were exposed to 50ppm CrVI. By PND 90, testosterone remained elevated or normal, but by PND 120 its level was increased due to lactational exposure to CrVI. On the contrary, serum estradiol in these rats was low by PND 90 and became normal by PND 120. The findings partially support the hypothesis proposed and it is concluded that the fetal type Leydig cells are the major targets for the toxic effects of CrVI exposure during gestational and lactational periods where in lactational exposure may have a persistent effect leading to increased testosterone: estradiol ratio. Nevertheless, the effects of CrVI on testosterone and estradiol are reversible, as the adult type Leydig cells are unaffected.

Keywords

CrVI, Estradiol, Leydig Cells, Sertoli Cells, Testicular Toxicity, Testosterone.

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S. Balaji ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, V.R.S College of Engineering and Technology, IN

Abstract

Data sharing has never been easier with the advances of cloud computing. Data sharing with a large number of participants must take into account several issues, including efficiency, data integrity and privacy of data owner. A ring signature is a simplified group signature without any manager. It protects the anonymity of a signer. Unlike the group signature schemes the ring signature scheme requires neither a group manager, nor a setup procedure, nor the action of non-signing members. This signature does not reveal the identity of the signer but it may be varied with this signature that the signer belong to the possible signers set. There is no revocation manager. This allows unconditional anonymity of signer. Therefore, we introduce proxy signature scheme to allow a proxy signer to sign on behalf of an original signer. Using this scheme, we can achieve the singer ambiguity and key secrecy. To achieve user account security, we employee authentication process. In this authentication process user thump impression is capture and compared with the user data which are stored in database during registration process.

Keywords

Anonymity, Authenticity, Certificate, Encryption, Efficiency, Signature, Threshold.

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P. Sivasankar ¹, C. Chellappan ², S. Balaji ³

Affiliations
1 NITTTR, IN
2 Computer Science and Engineering Department, Anna University, Chennai, IN
3 IBM, Bangalore, IN

Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc networks is a self-configuring infra structureless temporary network of mobile devices connected by wireless links. A major bottleneck in Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) is the energy consumption since nodes are usually mobile and battery operated. This paper proposes an algorithm called Energy Efficient Delay Time Routing (EEDTR) which tries to increase the operational lifetime of Mobile Ad hoc networks. This algorithm is modified version of the existing Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) algorithm. This algorithm select fully distributed routes, thus balancing power consumption of the entire network and introduces a delay in forwarding the packets by nodes, which is inversely proportional to the remaining energy level of the node (EEDTR). The algorithm is designed and implemented using Global Mobile Simulator (GloMoSim), a scalable, simulation environment for network simulation. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the algorithm increases the lifetime of mobile ad hoc networks, at the expense of end delay and routing overhead.

Keywords

DSR, EEDTR, GloMoSim and MANET.

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S. Balaji ¹, N. V. Suneel Kumar , R. Santhakumar ¹, T. Velmurugan ², Tauseef Ahmed Shaik

Affiliations
1 Applied Electronics Division of School of Electrical Engg. of Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore - 14, IN
2 Netwoking Division of School of Electronics Engg. of Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore - 14, IN

Abstract

There are different approaches of handover in multi carrier based broadband systems to provide QoS over mobile communication networks, in particularly for multicarrier systems like OFDM and MC-CDMA. This paper presents a handover technique referred to as semisoft handover which overcomes the drawbacks of previous handover techniques. Here, performance measurements are conducted to evaluate the proposed handover technique in terms of outage probability at the cell boundary by considering loading ratio and data rates.

Keywords

Quality of Service (QoS), Multicarrier, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Outage Probability, Semisoft Handover.

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N. Arunachalam , A. Hassan , S. Balaji

Abstract

This paper is based on the developing of an e-learning application as a XML web service in two ways, a traditional web service application and an agent based XML web service and to compare the two applications based on the heap size (i.e.) memory consumption by services. The comparison proves that the agent when embedded into the web services can perform much better than the traditional web service applications and thus increases the efficiency of the web service.

Keywords

Web Service, Agents, E-Learning, Agent Based E-Learning.

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A. Martin ¹, V. Aswathy ², S. Balaji ², V. Prasanna Venkatesan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Banking Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, IN
2 Sri Manakula Vinayakar Engineering College, Puducherry, IN

Abstract

Many Qualitative Bankruptcy Prediction models are available. These models use non-financial information as Qualitative factors and from which Bankruptcy is predicted. In the prior researches Genetic Algorithm was applied to generate Qualitative Bankruptcy Prediction Rules. However this Model uses only very less number of Qualitative factors and the generated rules has Repetitions and overlapping. To improve the Prediction accuracy we have proposed a model which applies more number of Qualitative factors and Prediction Rules are generated using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO). The concept pheromone depositing and updating in Ant Colony Algorithm reduce the false negative rules in the bankruptcy prediction. The heuristic and probabilistic features of Ant Colony Algorithm increase the prediction accuracy of Bankruptcy.

Keywords

Ant Colony Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Qualitative Bankruptcy Prediction, Repetitions and Overlapping, Qualitative Factors, Pheromone Deposit and Update, Heuristic and Probabilistic Features, Prediction Accuracy.

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Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda ¹, P. K. Champatiray ¹, Mamta Chauhan ¹, Prakash Chauhan ¹, Mijanur Ansary ¹, Arya Singh ¹, Yateesh Ketholia ¹, S. Balaji ²

Affiliations
1 Geosciences and Disaster Management Studies Group, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (ISRO), Dehradun 248 001, IN
2 Department of Disaster Management, Pondicherry University, Port Blair 744 101, IN

Abstract

The present study aims to identify, characterize monitor and model the transport pathways of volcanic ashes and various features of the active phase of Barren Island volcano (BIV), Andaman and Nicobar Island, India during 2018 using the several Earth observation satellite technologies and field observations in the study area. Sentinel-2 satellite datasets have been used to identify volcanic eruption features such as lava flow, ash plume, cinder and vent and different directions of lava flow from the cinder cone during the 2018 eruptive phase of BIV. To visualize the major variations in thermal intensity and understand the behaviour of current volcanic activity, volcanic radiative power (VRP) and radiant fluxes of the recent eruptive phase were calculated using MIROVA. In addition, thermal anomaly was observed in the form of anomalous fire pixels for 44 days in FIRMS database. Also, NASA/NOAA Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS, VNP14IMGT) were used for validating the real-time activity of the 2018 volcanic eruption phase. The results obtained were closely related with the periods of high eruptions as observed in the Sentinel-2 datasets. The volcanic aerosol ‘sulphur dioxide’ (SO2) data (time series-area averaged) were analysed as well as a five-day forward trajectory and volcanic ash model for each eruption event was deve­loped using HYSPLIT model to identify the transport pathways and extent of volcanic ash cloud in the lower atmosphere during the eruptive phase of the volcano.

Keywords

Eruptive phase, field observations, satellite observations, volcanic ash.

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S. Balaji ¹, R. Subhashini ²

Affiliations
1 VLSI Design, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engg., Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar Dist, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 VLSI Design, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engg., Kalaignar Karunanithi Institute of Technology, Kannampalayam, Coimbatore Dist, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Design of area and power-efficient high-speed data path logic systems are one of the most substantial areas of research in VLSI system design, The Carry Select Adder (CSLA) provides a good compromise between cost and performance in carry propagation adder design. However, conventional CSLA is still area-consuming due to the dual ripple carry adder (RCA) structure. In this paper, modification is done at gate-level to reduce area and power consumption. The Modified Carry Select-Adder (MCSLA) is designed for 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit and then compared with conventional CSLA respective architectures, this work evaluates the performance of the proposed designs in terms of delay, area, power, and their products by implementing in Xilinx fpga. This CSLA structures are implemented in booth multiplier in order to increase the efficiency of the booth multiplier.

Keywords

Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Area-Efficient, CSLA, Low Power, Booth Multiplier.

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S. Balaji ¹, V. Priyadharsini ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GRT Institute of Engineering and Technology, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology, IN

Abstract

Mobile Adhoc network is an instantaneous wireless network that is dynamic in nature. It supports single hop and multihop communication. In this infrastructure less network, clustering is a significant model to maintain the topology of the network. The clustering process includes different phases like cluster formation, cluster head selection, cluster maintenance. Choosing cluster head is important as the stability of the network depends on well-organized and resourceful cluster head. When the node has increased number of neighbors it can act as a link between the neighbor nodes which in further reduces the number of hops in multihop communication. Promisingly the node with more number of neighbors should also be available with enough energy to provide stability in the network. Hence these aspects demand the focus. In weight based cluster head selection, closeness and average minimum power required is considered for purging the ineligible nodes. The optimal set of nodes selected after purging will compete to become cluster head. The node with maximum weight selected as cluster head. Mathematical formulation is developed to show the proposed method provides optimum result. It is also suggested that weight factor in calculating the node weight should give precise importance to energy and node stability.

Keywords

Adhoc Networks, Clusters, Stability.

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S. Balaji ¹, S. Sasikala ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Sengunthar College of Engineering, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, K.S.R College of Arts and Science, IN

Abstract

Web logs are a young and dynamic media type. Due to the intrinsic relationship among Web objects and the deficiency of a uniform schema of web documents, Web community mining has become significant area for Web data management and analysis. The research of Web communities extents a number of research domains. In this paper an ontological model has been present with some recent studies on this topic, which cover finding relevant Web pages based on linkage information, discovering user access patterns through analyzing Web log files from Web data. A simulation has been created with the academic website crawled data. The simulation is done in JAVA and ORACLE environment. Results show that prediction of user session could give us plenty of vital information for the Business Intelligence. Search Engine Optimization could also use these potential results which are discussed in the paper in detail.

Keywords

Web Log, Mining, Clustering, Social Network Analysis.

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S. Balaji ¹, S. Vasudevan ¹, C. Ravivarman ¹, B. V. S. Pavan Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Regional Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli - 620015, IN

Abstract

Duplex stainless steels find ever-increasing applications in chemical, off-shore, paper/pulp and fertilizer industries owing to their excellent combination of mechanical and corrosion properties [1-3]. More demanding situations prefer super duplex stainless steels, which have higher pitting resistance equivalence [4]. Even though many of the conventional welding processes are employed for joining of these high-performance materials, still the industries face the problem of achieving the desired properties - especially the corrosion resistance, in the resultant weldments [5-7]. Welding upsets the ferrite-austenite microstructural balance in the weld metal and in the high temperature heat affected zone. More so, industrially different gas/gas mixture combinations are employed for achieving the desired properties [8-10]. In the current work an attempt has been to study the effect of different welding processes on weld metal microstructure in the super duplex stainless steel grade SAF 2507.

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Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda ¹, A. Sridhar ², Mamta Chauhan ¹, Mijanur Ansary ¹, Prakash Chauhan ¹, R. Sudhakar Goud ³, G. Udaya Laxmi ⁴, S. Balaji ⁵

Affiliations
1 Geosciences and Disaster Management Studies Group, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (ISRO), Dehradun 248 001, IN
2 Centre of Exploration Geophysics, Department of Geophysics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
3 Department of Geoinformatics, Telangana University, Nizamabad 503 322, IN
4 Centre of Exploration Geophysics, Department of Geophysics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
5 Department of Disaster Management, Pondicherry University, Port Blair 744 101, IN

Abstract

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Keywords

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