Informatics Publishing Limited

Y. Singh Shikha ¹, S. Aher Smita ¹, B. Saudagar Ravindra ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT’S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT’S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery. Despite the many advantages of this system, the major obstacle is the low diffusion rate of drugs across the stratum corneum. Several methods have been tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. One simple and convenient approach is application of drugs in formulation with elastic vesicles or skin enhancers. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosomes are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes are nanocarriers for transdermal drug delivery system. These are too small to be detected by immune system and moreover they can be use to deliver the drug in the target organ using lower drug doses in order to reduce side effects. Ethosomes comprises of phospho-bilipids layers along with ethanol which gives efficient permeation and penetration of the drugs. It delivers large molecules such as peptides, protein molecules. Simple method for drug delivery in comparison to Iontophoresis and Phonophoresis and other complicated methods. High patient compliance as it is administrated in semisolid form (gel or cream) and various application in Pharmaceutical, Veterinary, Cosmetic field.

Keywords

Ethosomes, Vesicles, Transdermis, Dermis, Stratum Corneum.

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N. Gawai Mamata ¹, S. Aher Smita ², B. Saudager Ravindra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik- 422213, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik- 422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery systems and could be employed as oral drug delivery systems. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity. When these systems are exposed to water, low levels of water soluble additive is leached from polymeric material i.e. semi permeable membrane and drug releases in a controlled manner over an extended period of time. Drug delivery from this system is not influenced by the different physiological factors within the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the known properties of the drug and the dosage form. In this paper, various types of osmotic ally controlled drug delivery systems and the basic components of controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets have been discussed briefly.

Keywords

Osmosis, Osmotic Pressure, Osmogen, Semi Permeable Membrane.

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N. Gawai Mamata ¹, S. Aher Smita ², B. Saudagar Ravindra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik- 422213, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik- 422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery systems and could be employed as oral drug delivery systems. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity. When these systems are exposed to water, low levels of water soluble additive is leached from polymeric material i.e. semi permeable membrane and drug releases in a controlled manner over an extended period of time. Drug delivery from this system is not influenced by the different physiological factors within the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the known properties of the drug and the dosage form. In this paper, various types of osmotic ally controlled drug delivery systems and the basic components of controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets have been discussed briefly.

Keywords

Osmosis, Osmotic Pressure, Osmogen, Semi Permeable Membrane.

Full Text

     

N. Gawai Mamata ¹, S. Aher Smita ², B. Saudager Ravindra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjeneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Simple precise accurate UV Spectroscopic method has been developed and validated for estimation of valsartan in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. It is approved for the treatment of hypertension. It is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. UV Spectroscopic method which is based on measurement of absorption of UV light, the spectra of valsartan in Phosphate buffer P^H 7.4 showed maximum wavelength at 250 nm and calibration curve were plotted over the concentrations ranging from 2-20μg/ml of valsartan with correlation coefficient 0.9996 validation was performed as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision and recovery. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.1229 and 0.3725 respectively by simple UV Spectroscopy .The proposed method was validated.

Keywords

Valsartan, Phosphate Buffer P^H 7.4, Spectrophotometry and Validation.

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