A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Das, S. C.
- Discretionary Savings and Investment Behaviour of Middle Class Households in India:Empirical Evidence
Authors
1 Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
International Journal of Applied Marketing and Management, Vol 1, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 26-34Abstract
Aims: The study is indented to understand the relationship between the saving and investment behaviour among middle class households. Secondly, dependency of discretionary savings and investment behaviour on select control variables of middle class households also been assessed.
Research Design & Approach: The study captured descriptive research approach based on 200 respondents (100 Male&100 Female) of different age groups, educational qualifications, belonging to joint or nuclear family types; differentiated on the basis of income&employment. The questionnaire used 14 statements of saving and investment behaviour adopted from Bhushan (2014) and Lusardi (2008) which measures the response on 5-Point Likert Scale. Two different important statistics namely Pearson Correlation Matrix and Two- Way ANOVA have been used in accordance with the needs of the data set and specified objectives.
Results & Implications: Pearson correlation technique defines that a total of 91 combinations of variables, around 39 are found to be highly significant (p<.01). Twelve (12) of them were found significant at 0.05 level (p<.05) and remaining 40 are found to be insignificant (p>.05). Very few cases strong positive correlation can be seen in between indicators of discretionary savings and investment behaviour. Saving behaviour is not dependent on type of employment (main effect) and monthly income (main effect) is found statistically insignificant at 5% level of significance, whereas in case of investment behaviour (Dependent Variable), only monthly income shows statistically significant. Interaction effects in both the case found statistically insignificant. This paper examined into the understanding of savings and investment behaviour of middle class households which can be of great relevance to the policy makers and the government to anticipate and formulate strategies to respond the varying saving and investment behaviour of the middle class investors.
Keywords
Savings and Investment Behaviour, Middle Class Households, Banking Service, Indian Economy, and Financial Literacy.- Examining Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy among University Students:An Empirical Study from Gender Point of View
Authors
1 BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management, Vol 7, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 1-15Abstract
Research Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the two factors describing entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) help in understanding gender difference in ESE. Further, the study also aims to study the relationship & effect of demographic variable and socio-economic factor on ESE.
Methods and Measures: A quantitative methodology and a survey-based design were used to identify gender difference in ESE. 210 primary data were collected from students of UG and PG courses through structured questionnaire. The study used DonMacke and DebMarkley (2003) measures of entrepreneurial skills, i.e., Motivation and Capacity-Skill for assessing ESE.
Findings: The study revealed no significant difference between aspiring male and female in terms of both factors, i.e., Motivation and Capacity-Skill representing ESE except grasping ability measuring marketing and communication capacity. It was found that a female has more grasping ability than a male. In addition, no significant relationship was found between age, socio-economic factor, and ESE.
Practical Implications: This study will be useful for the institution to develop its curriculum so that it will able to create self confidence among students and also be helpful in encouraging and motivating students (particularly female) to engage in entrepreneurial activity through skill-development programme.
Contribution of Study: The study contributes to existing literature of entrepreneurship and enhanced our understanding regarding so-called gender difference in terms of ESE.
Keywords
Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE), Gender, Gender Difference and Socio-Economic Factor.References
- Anna, A. L., Chandler, G. N., Jansen, E., & Mero, N. P. (2000). Women business owners in traditional and nontraditional industries. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(3), 279-303.
- Ansari, D. A. (2016). Women entrepreneurship in India. AEIJST, 4(4), 2-14.
- Arunadevi, K., Chermalatha, M., & Kanaga, N. (2017). Recent Trends in Women Entrepreneurship. Paper presented at the two day International Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering Science, Humanities and Management Retrieved from www.conferenceworld.in
- Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
- Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
- Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
- Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self-efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 38(1), 9-44.
- Bird, B., & Brush, C. (2002). A gendered perspective on organizational creation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(3), 41-65.
- Bosma, N., & Levie, J. (2009). Global entrepreneurship monitor: 2009 global report. Babson Park: Babson College.
- Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63-77.
- Bradley, D. E., & Roberts, J. A. (2004). Self-employment and job satisfaction: Investigating the role of selfefficacy, depression, and seniority. Journal of Small Business Management, 42(1), 37-58.
- Bygrave, W. D., & Hofer, C. W. (1991). Theorizing about entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship theory and Practice, 16(2), 13-22.
- Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?. Journal of business venturing, 13(4), 295-316.
- Chowdhury, S., & Endres, M. (2005). Gender difference and the formation of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Presented at the United States Association of Small Business (USASBE) Annual Conference, Indian Wells, CA, January 13-15.
- De Noble, A., Jung, D., & Ehrlich, S. (1999). Initiating new ventures: The role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. In: Babson Research Conference, Babson College, Boston, MA.
- DeTienne, D. R., & Chandler, G. N. (2007). The role of gender in opportunity identification. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(4), 81-99.
- Dhekale, V. S. (2016). Performance of women entrepreneurship in India. International Journal of Management, 7(1), 123-131.
- Driver, A., Wood, E., Segal, N., & Herrington, M. (2001). Global entrepreneurship monitor: South African executive report. Cape Town: University of Cape Town.
- Dutta, A. (2015, March 8). Nearly half of India’s entrepreneurs are women: Study. Retrieved from http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nearly-half-of-Indias-entrepreneurs-are-women Study/articles how/46489751.cms
- Firoz, F. (2015). Female entrepreneurial capacity in China: A comparative study of two periods. International Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 3(5), 10-25. Retrieved from http://ijsss.redfame.com
- Fischer, E. M., Reuber, A. R., & Dykes, L. S. (1993). A theoretical overview and extension of research on sex, gender, and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 8, 151-168.
- Flavius, T. E. (2010). Gender, Entrepreneurial SelfEfficacy, And Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientations: The case of the Caribbean. International Business & Economics Research Journal – Special Edition 2010, 9(13), 17-31.
- Gatewood, E. J., Shaver, K. G., Powers, J. B., & Gartner, W. B. (2002). Entrepreneurial expectancy, task effort, and performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 187-206.
- Gibson, L. G., & Gibson, R. A. (2010). Entrepreneurial attitudes of arts and business students, {Abstract]. In ICSB 2010, 55th Anniversary, International Council for Small Business, June 24-27, 2010, Cincinnati, Ohio: Entrepreneurship: Bridging Global Boundaries, 89.
- Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., & Bhawe, N. M. (2008). The effect of gender stereotype activation on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(5), 1053-1061.
- Hallak, R., Assaker, G. & O’Connor, P., (2012). Are family and nonfamily tourism businesses different? An examination of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy-entrepreneurial performance relationship. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research.
- Hisrich, R. D. (1986). The woman entrepreneur: Characteristics, skills, problems, and prescriptions for success. In The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger, 61-84.
- Hisrich, R., Langan-Fox, J., & Grant, S. (2007). Entrepreneurship research and practice: A call to action for psychology. American Psychologist, 62(6), 575.
- Ivancevich, J. M., Konopaske, R., Matteson, M. T. (2005). Organizational behavior and management (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin.
- Kelley, D., Singer, S., & Herrington, M. (2015). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2015-16. Retrieved from http://www.gemconsortium.org/download@file
- Kickul, J., Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Barbosa, S. D. (2008). Are misalignments of perceptions and selfefficacy causing gender gaps in entrepreneurial intentions among our nation’s teens? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(2), 321-335.
- Kirkwood, J. (2009). Is a lack of self-confidence hindering women entrepreneurs? International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 118-133.
- Kourilsky, M. L., & Walstad, W. B. (1998). Entrepreneurship and female youth: Knowledge, attitudes, gender differences and educational practices. Journal of Business Venturing, 13(1), 77-88.
- Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18, 91-91.
- Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15, 411-432.
- Langowitz, N., & Minniti, M. (2007). The entrepreneurial propensity of women. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3), 341-365.
- Luszczynska, A., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). Social cognitive theory. In M. Conner & P. Norman (Eds.), Predicting health behaviour (2nd ed. rev., pp. 127-169). Buckingham, England: Open University Press.
- Macke, D., & Markley, D. (2003). Entrepreneur Self Test. Centre for Rural Entrepreneurship. Retrieved from http://www.ruraleship.org.
- Mahadea, D. (2001). Similarities and differences between male and female entrepreneurial attributes in manufacturing firms in the informal sector in the Transkei. Development Southern Africa, 18(2), 189-199.
- Markman, G. D., Balkin, D. B., & Baron, R. A. (2002). Inventors and new venture formation: The effects of general self-efficacy and regretful thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 149-165.
- McGee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M. (2009). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy: Refining the Measure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965-988.
- Minniti, M., Arenius, P., & Langowitz, N. (2005). GEM 2004 Report on Women and Entrepreneurship. Babson Park, MA: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Program and Center for Women’s Leadership at Babson College, Babson College.
- Mueller, S., & Conway Dato-on, M. (2008). Gender role orientation as a determinant of entrepreneurial selfefficacy. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 3-20.
- Mueller, S., & Conway Dato-on, M. (2013). A cross cultural study of gender-role orientation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Int Entrep Manag J, 9, 1-20.
- Mueller, S. L. (2004). Gender gaps in potential for entrepreneurship across countries and cultures. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 9(3), 199-220.
- National Foundation for Women Business Owners. (2001). Entrepreneurial vision in action: Exploring growth among women- and men-owned firms. Washington, DC: NFWBO.
- Olanrewaju, A. K. (2013). Demographics, Entrepreneurial Self-efficay and Locus of Control as Determinants of Adolescents Entrepreneurial Intention in Ogun State, Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 1(12), 59-97. Retrieved from http://www.ejbss.com/recent.aspx
- Orford, J., Wood, E., Fischer, C., Herrington, M., & Segal, N. (2003). South African executive report update: Global entrepreneurship monitor. Graduate School of Business. Cape Town: University of Cape Town.
- Prabhu. A., & Thomas, A. (2014). Influence of parental factors on the entrepreneurial attitude of B school students. International Journal of Research and Development: A Management Review (IJRDMR), 3(1), 35-38.
- Reynolds P., Carter, N., Gartner, W., Greene, P., & Cox, L. (2002). The entrepreneur next door, characteristics of individuals starting companies in America. Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, Kansas City.
- Scherer, R., Adams, J., & Wiebe, F. (1989). Developing entrepreneurial behaviours: A social learning theory perspective. Journal of Organizational.
- Scherer, R. F., Brodzinski, J. D., & Wiebe, F. A. (1990). Entrepreneurial career selection and gender: A socialization approach. Journal of Small Business Management, 28(2), 37-44.
- Setiawan, J. L. (2012). Entrepreneurship Program Assessment by Students Outcome on Their Perceived Entrepreneurial Characteristics. Paper presented at Indonesia International Conference on Innovation. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Surabaya. 26-28 June 2012.
- Setiawan, J. L. (2014). Examining Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy among students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 115, 235-242. Retrieved from www.sciencedirect.com
- Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25, 217-226.
- Steier, L. (2003). Variants of agency contracts in familyfinanced ventures as a continuum of familial altruistic and market rationalities. J. Bus. Ventur. 18(5), 597-618. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00012-0.
- Townsend, D. M., Busenitz, L. W., & Arthurs, J. D. (2010). To start or not to start: Outcome and ability expectations in the decision to start a new venture. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(2), 192-202.
- Urban, B. (2010). A gender perspective on career preferences and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. SA journal of Human Resource Management, 8(1), 1-8. Retreived from http://www.sajhrm.co.za
- Williams, J. E., & Best, D. L. (1982). Measuring sex stereotypes. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications Inc.
- Williams, J. E., Satterwhite, R. C., & Best, D. L. (1999). Pan-cultural gender stereotypes revisited: The five factor model. Sex Roles, 40(7/8), 513-525.
- Wilson, F., Kickul, J., Marlino, D., Barbosa, S. D., & Griffiths, M. (2009). An analysis of the role of gender and self-efficacy in developing female entrepreneurial interest and behavior. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 14(2), 105-119.
- Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Kickul, J. (2004). Our entrepreneurial future: Examining the diverse attitudes and motivations of teens across gender and ethnic identity. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 9(3), 177-198.
- Wilson, K., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13(3), 387-406.
- Zeffane, R. (2013). Gender and youth entrepreneurial potential: Evidence from the United Arab Emirates International Journal of Business and Management, 8(1), 60-72.
- Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272.
- A Rare Case of Expanded Dengue, Evans Syndrome, Hellp Syndrome & Multiorgan Dysfunction
Authors
1 PG Department of Medicine, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha “O” Anusandhan University, K8, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 171-174Abstract
Dengue virus infection is being recognised to manifest with various systemic impairments. WHO has coined ‘EXPANDED DENGUE’ to denote such complications and atypical presentations. Here we present a case of Dengue who presented with PUO, bleeding, pain abdomen, vomiting and itching. She was noted to have fever, tachycardia, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, deranged liver function, acute pancreatitis, urinary abnormalities, rhinorrhea and pruritus. Her hospitalisation period was a stormy one posing both diagnostic and therapeutic problem. While recovering she exhibited neutropenia suggesting concomitant Evans syndrome. The different haematological and biochemical parameters also mimic that of HELLP syndrome.- A Rare Case of Multiple Osteochondromas with Short Metatarsals and Seizure
Authors
1 PG Department of Medicine, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha “O” Anusandhan University, K8, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 531-535Abstract
Multiple Osteochondromas desribed first in 1786 is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder with 100% penetrance manifesting more in males (M:F =1. 5:1) with a prevalence rate of 1:50000. The defect involves the tumour suppressor gene EXT 1 and EXT2. They appear in first decade of life with two or more bony outgrowths from the end of growing long bones and grow till puberty. They can arise from any bone except facial bones. They present with pain and symptoms due to pressure effects on the nerves, muscles, tendons, ligaments, brain and spinal cord and cause many type of deformities. Brachydacty l and relative shortening of metatarsals as well as possibility of seizure consequent to exostoses of skull bones have been described but has rarely been reported. Here we are presenting a case of MO with distinct shortening of metatarsals and seizure.Keywords
Osteochondromas, Brachydactyl, Seizure, Exostoses.- Demographic Responses to Green Employee Relations (GER) in Indian Railways:A Methodological Exploration
Authors
1 Professor of OB & HR, Faculty of Commerce, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies, Vol 8, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 19-27Abstract
The paper aims to analyze the role of demographic profile of employees in influencing Green Employee Relations (GER). It includes employees’ involvement and participation in green suggestion scheme, problem-solving circle and staff independence to form and experiment with the green idea. Employee participation in green initiatives plays a crucial role in attaining environmental sustainability through alignment of employees’ capabilities, goals and motivations with the environmental sustainable activities, which leads toward the sustainable use of existing resources. Due to the heterogeneity in demography in the North Eastern Railways (NER) of Indian Railway, a single policy of environmental sustainability could not solve all the concerned problems of environmental sustainability. This paper assessed the demographic attributes including assessing contribution of employee toward the environmental sustainability through GER. Findings showed that age, education and qualification, and experience influence their perception regarding GER. However, gender and division significantly influence the level of GER. Based on the results, the study suggested relevant implications that policymakers can utilize in making decisions that aim at raising employee relations in Indian Railways, particularly the NER.Keywords
Green Employee Relations (GER), Environmental Sustainability, Indian Railways, Employee Participation and Involvement.References
- Ahmad, S. (2015). Green human resource management: Policies and practices. Cogent Business & Management, 2, 1-13.
- Arulrajah, A. A., Opatha, H. H. D. N. P., & Nawaratne, N. N. J. (2015). Green human resource management practices: A review. Srilankan Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 1-16.
- Boiral, O. (2002). Tacit knowledge and environmental management. Long Range Planning, 35(3), 291-317.
- Casler, A., Gundlach, M. J., Persons, B., & Zivnuska, S. (2010). Sierra Nevada brewing company’s thirty-year journey toward sustainability. People & Strategy, 33(1), 44-51.
- Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) (2007). The environment and people management, Discussion web page.
- Collier, J., & Esteban, R. (2007). Corporate social responsibility and employee commitment. Business Ethics: A European Review, 16(1), 19-33.
- Fernandez, E., Junquera, B., & Ordiz, M. (2003). Organisational culture and human resources in the environmental issue: A review of the literature. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(4), 634-656.
- Florida, R., & Davison, D. (2001). Gaining from green management: Environmental management systems inside and outside of the factory. California Management Review, 43(3), 64-84.
- Gholami, H., Rezaei, G., Saman, M. Z. M., Sharif, S., & Zakuan, N. (2016). State-of-the-art green HRM system: Sustainability in the sports center in Malaysia using a multi-methods approach and opportunities for future research. Journal of Cleaner Production, 124, 142-163.
- Govindarajulu, N., & Daily, B. F. (2004). Motivating employees for environmental improvement. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 104(4), 364-372.
- Indian Railways. (2016). Environmental sustainability - Role of Indian Railways. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Railways.
- Indian Railways. (2017). Indian Railways green initiatives. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Railways.
- Kitazawa, S., & Sarkis, J. (2000). The relationship between ISO 14001 and continuous source reduction programs. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 20(2), 225-248.
- Mandip, G. (2012). Green HRM: People management commitment to environmental sustainability. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1, 244-252.
- May, D. R., & Flannery, B. L. (1995). Cutting waste with employee involvement teams. Business Horizons, 38, 28-38.
- Oates, A. (1996), Industrial relations and the environment in the UK. In W. Wehrmeyer (Eds.), Greening People - Human Resources and Environmental Management (1st ed.). Sheffield, England: Greenleaf Publishing.
- Owino, W. A., & Kwasira, J. (2016). Influence of selected green human resource management practices on environmental sustainability at menengai oil refinery limited
- nakuru, Kenya. Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(3), 19-27.
- Wolters, T., Bouman, M., & Peeters, M. (1995). Environmental management and employment: Pollution prevention requires significant employee participation. Greener Management International, 11, 63-72.
- Renwick, D. (2008). Green HRM: A review, process model, and research agenda (Discussion Paper Series). The University of Sheffield. Retrieved from http://www.shef.ac.uk/content/1/c6/08/70/89/2008-01.pdf
- Renwick, D. W. S., Redman, T., & Maguire, S. (2013). Green human resource management: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(1), 1-14.
- Rothenberg, S. (2003). Knowledge content and worker participation in environmental management at NUMMI. Journal of Management Studies, 40(7), 1783-1802.
- Wee, Y. S., & Quazi, H. A. (2005). Development and validation of critical factors of environmental management. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 105(1), 96-114.
- Wehrmeyer, W. (ed.) (1996). Greening people: Human resources and environmental management. Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing.
- Oates, A. (1996), Industrial relations and the environment in the UK, In Wehrmeyer, W. (eds), (1996), Greening People - Human Resources and Environmental Management (1st ed.). Sheffield, England: Greenleaf Publishing.