Informatics Publishing Limited

Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 I. I. M. T., Haldwani, IN

Abstract

Adolescence is the most important period of human life, a period of growing to maturity. Late adolescence, a period from eighteen to about twenty-two years is a period when transition from school to college takes place and thus is a highly stressful transitional phase. Stress represents any disruption or difficulty in the smooth course of life and occurs when demands on an individual exceed his or her Psychological effects of stress may manifest in forms of uncontrolled aggression, anxiety and depression. In context to the student population the most common psychological manifestation of stress are observed in the form of anxiety and depression. Diaphragmatic breathing has been reported to have beneficial consequences like increased oxygen supply to the brain and muscles, stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes a state of calmness and quiescence, reduced anxiety and worry, improved concentration, release stress and tension. The study was conducted in three phases. In Phase-1, the pre-intervention phase, data was collected on 201first year students resided in hostel (Male, Female). Interview schedule, College Student stress scale developed by the researcher including five areas - academic, environmental, financial, family and hostel; Free-floating anxiety subscale of State, Trait and Free-floating anxiety Scale (Tripathi and Rastogi, 1986; Beck Depression Inventory (Hindi Version by Arora &Prashant, 1988) were administered on 201 subjects. After explaining the purpose of the study and instructions for each test the data was collected in the class room. The Phase-2 of the study was intervention phase for which high stress subjects were selected out of the 201 scored high on all the measures of stress, anxiety, depression These high stress subjects were divided in two groups, Intervention (28 boys&28 girls) and non intervention group (30 boys&28 girls). Ss in the intervention group were taught breathing exercise regularly for five weeks. No intervention was done for the nonintervention group. In the Phase-3, the post-intervention phase, Ss of both these groups were again assessed on measures of stress and strain after the 5 week. Data from pre-intervention and Post-intervention phases of these 114 Ss served as the basis for analysis for the second part of the study. Reduction in mean scores on measures of both stress and strain within the intervention group but not in the non-intervention group indicated the effectiveness of practicing diaphragmatic breathing for reducing stress and its positive effects among both boys and girls.

Keywords

Stress, Depression, Anxiety, Breathing Exercise, Adolescents

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Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras, UP, IN

Abstract

Stress represents any disruption or difficulty in the smooth course of hfe and occurs when demands on the individual exceed his or her coping abilities.Survey of available literature suggests that many undergraduate students undergo considerable stress, especially at the point of entry which require adapting to dramatic life changes, due to demands associated with change, leaving home, becoming independent, decision making, competing with new students, assuming greater responsibihty for one' life, making new friends, studying regularly and learning about as well as adjusting to a new environment. Inability to cope with stresses is likely to lead to negative consequences with anxiety being one of the most prominent one. Availability of counseling at this stage can be crucial for adjustment to the college life and eventually in carving a desirable career path. The present study primarily aims to explore the differences between college entrant boys and girls on stress experienced in various areas and anxiety, and also to study the relationship between stress and anxiety within the two groups along with attempting to identify the areas which need to be focused upon while providing counseling to college entrants. College Student Stress Scale (Srivastava & Kumar, 2000) consisting of five stress areas, viz., academic, environmental, family, financial and hostel stress and the free floating anxiefy subscale of the State, Trait and Free Floating Anxiety Scale developed by Tripathi and Rastogi (1986) were admmistered to 101 boys and 100 girls, all of whom were hostel residents and m first year of college. The obtained scores were subjected to statistical analysis by computing Mean, S.D., t-test and Pearson's 'r'. Obtained results indicated that boys and girls experienced similar levels of environmental, famify financial, hostel stresses and were also similar on free floating anxiefy, but girls reported higher level of academic stress. Stress in the areas of academic, environmental, family for boys and that in the areas of academic and hostel for girls was positively and correlated with free floating anxiety Results have been analyzed in context to the differences in socialization of girls and boys in the Indian society and their distinctive counseling needs.

Keywords

Stress, Anxiety, College, Students.

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Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Uttrakhand Open University, Haldwani, IN

Abstract

Alienation refers to the condition in which a person is cut off from his own real or natural self, from reality and from the society and other fellow beings. Alienation may result in undesirable learner outcomes, academic failure, apathy towards learning process, and a host of psychological and emotional problems as revealed in the available literature. E.I. might be defined as the set of skills people use to read, understand and react effectively to emotional signals by others and oneself. EI assists an individual in handling novel situations by understanding other's and their own emotions about the situation and managing them and hence move towards effective adjustment in life especially under novel situations that a college entrant has to face. The objectives of the study were to assess and compare alienation and E.I. among male and female college students and to explore the relationship between alienation and E.I. among male and female college students. Student Alienation Scale (Sharma, 1988) and Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Mangal & Mangal, 2006) were used. Data was obtained from 101 boys and 100 girls studying in first year and hostel residents. Both boys and girls display similar levels of alienation. No difference existed between boys and girls on any of the areas of E.I. All the areas of E.I. were more highly correlated with alienation among boys than among girls.

Keywords

Alienation, Emotional Intelligence, College Students.

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Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Uttrakhand Open University, Haldwani, IN

Abstract

Stress represents any disruption or difficulty that may occur in life (Brower, 1990). Stress affects the lives of many individuals on a regular basis. One group particularly susceptible to stress is that of college students (Brower, 1990). Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to an ability to recognize the meanings of emotions and their relationships and to reason and solve problems on the basis of them. The study was conducted on 201 (Boys=101, Girls=100) students . All the students were BS.C. first year students and all were hostel lers. College student stress scale (developed by researcher 2012) and Mangal Emotional Inelligence Inventory (Mangal & Mangal, 2006) were used. The objectives of the study was to know the gender difference on academic stress and emotional Intelligence. The obtained results indicated that boys and girls experience similar levels of environmental, family financial & hostel stresses however girls report feeling more stressed in the area of academics than boys. No difference exists between boys and girls on any of the areas of E.I.

Keywords

Stress, Emotional Intelligence (E.I.), College Students.

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Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Uttrakhand Open University, Haldwani, IN

Abstract

The role of women in the society is constantly questioned and for centuries women have struggled to find their place in a world that is predominantly male oriented. Today number of women are successful in politics, technology and business etc. There is no profession today where women are not working. The sample consisted of 30 working and 30 non working women. Social Support scale by Arora and Kumar (1998), Modified Hindi version of Beck Depression by Arora and Prashant (1988) and Free Floating Anxiety Scale by Tripathi and Rastogi (1986) were used. There was no significant difference between working and non working women in anxiety and depression and social support. Anxiety was found to be correlated among working women in the areas of emotional support, informational support, companionship support and overall social support. Anxiety was not found to be correlated with any type of support among non working women. Depression was not found to be correlated with any type of social support among working women. Depression was found to be correlated among non working women on the areas of emotional support, companionship support and over all social support. Depression was not found to be correlated with informational support.

Keywords

Depression, Anxiety, Social Support, Women.

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Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Stress represents any disruption or difficulty in the smooth course of life and occurs when demands on the individual exceed his or her coping abilities. Survey of available literature suggests that many undergraduate students undergo considerable stress, especially at the point of entry which require adapting to dramatic life changes, due to demands associated with change, leaving home, becoming independent, decision making, competing with new students, assuming greater responsibility for one' life, making new friends, studying regularly and learning about as well as adjusting to a new environment. Inability to cope with stresses is likely to lead to negative consequences with anxiety being one of the most prominent one. Availability of counseling at this stage can be crucial for adjustment to the college life and eventually in carving a desirable career path. The present study primarily aims to explore the differences between college entrant boys and girls on stress experienced in various areas and anxiety, and also to study the relationship between stress and anxiety within the two groups along with attempting to identify the areas which need to be focused upon while providing counseling to college entrants. College Student Stress Scale (Srivastava & Kumar, 2000) consisting of five stress areas, viz., academic, environmental, family, financial and hostel stress and the free floating anxiety subscale of the State, Trait and Free Floating Anxiety Scale developed by Tripathi and Rastogi (1986) were administered to 101 boys and 100 girls, all of whom were hostel residents and in first year of college. The obtained scores were subjected to statistical analysis by computing Mean, S.D., t-test and Pearson's 'r'. Obtained results indicated that boys and girls experienced similar levels of environmental, family, financial, hostel stresses and were also similar on free floating anxiety, but girls reported higher level of academic stress.

Keywords

Stress, Anxiety, College Students.

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Aradhana Shukla ¹, Rupali Joshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, S.S.J. Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

There is growing body of evidence suggesting that attending university for the first time entails a transition in young people's lives that incorporates a great deal of stress. Although for most students this period is a chance for personal growth but for some this is a critical time involving drastic changes which could be overwhelming and at times leading to negative consequences like anxiety and depression. Students, after finishing schooling may either get selected to professional courses or may enter non-professional courses. Usually entry into the latter may either be by choice or due to not being to be selected in professional courses despite making an effort and the resulting frustrations may lead to stress. On the other hand, demands for high quality performance may be imposed on students in professional courses leading to different types of stresses among them. The primary purpose of this study, hence, was to identify different sources of stress in professional and non-professional courses. A sample of 400 students including (200 boys from I.I.T., B.H.U., & 200 boys from Faculty of Science, B.H.U.) Student Stress Scale which assesses stress in five areas, viz., academic, environmental, family, financial and hostel was administered on these students and result showed there was significant difference on academic, family, financial, hostel and overall stress areas as the mean scores of non professional students was significantly higher among non professional students than professional students.

Keywords

Academic Stress, Professionalism Vs. Non-Professionalism.

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