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P. P. Jain , Ravindra Singh , Shalini Bhadula

Abstract

In this paper distribution of Neem trees, potential of seeds, export of Neem seeds, quantity of Neem seeds processed, production and export of Neem seed oil, properties and uses of oil and deoiled meal have been given.

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Ravindra Singh ¹, Aakanksha Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biological Science, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P) Pin-488334, IN

Abstract

Adhatoda vasica belonging to Acanthaceae family, commonly known as Adosa, is found in many regions of India and throughout the world, with a multitude of uses in traditional Ayurveda. Vasica is most well-known for its effectiveness in treating respiratory conditions and are highly demandable in pharmaceutical industries. The compound isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of Adhatoda vasica flowers extract has a significant antibacterial activity against bacteria and fungi. Four bacterial strains like S. typhi, E. coli, E. faecalis and B. cereus and two fungal strains such as C. lunata and C.albicans were tested by using disc diffusion method. The anti bacterial activity of the compound isolated from ethyl acetate fraction is almost comparable with the standard Chloramphenicol and the anti-fungal activity of the compound isolated from ethyl acetate fraction is almost comparable with the standard Fluconazole. These are the drugs from Adhatoda vasica flowers that either destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. It has also the ability to prevent or treat bacterial and fungal infections. Further studies are highly needed for future drug development. The present research aims to compile medicinal values of Adhatoda vasica flowers generated through the research activity using modern scientific approaches and innovative scientific tools.

Keywords

Adhatoda vasica, Pharmacology, Asthma, Traditional Medicine.

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Ravi Sunder Prajapati ¹, G. P. Richhariya ², I. P. Tripathi ¹, Ravindra Singh ¹, Manoj Tripathi ³

Affiliations
1 Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramaodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.), IN
2 Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College, Satna (M.P.), IN
3 Arogyadham, Deendayal Research Institute, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.), IN

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been found useful in the cure of a number of diseases including bacterial diseases. Nimba is a very useful medicinal plant in the sub-continent and each part of the plant has medicinal properties. Almost every part of the plant has been in use since ancient times to treat a number of human ailments and also as a household pesticide. The extract from bark, leaves, fruits and ischolar_main have been used to control leprosy, intestinal helminthiasis and respiratory disorders in children. Flavonoids, flavonoglycosides, dihydrochalcones, tannins and others are also important constituents of bark, leaves, fruits and flowers of Nimba. Present study aimed development and establishment of the HPTLC fingerprint profile and phytochemical screening of Nimba leaf and stem bark.

Keywords

Azadirachta indica, Phytochemical Analysis, HPTLC Fingerprinting.

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R. Nagarajan ¹, Ravindra Singh ¹, J. P. Mangalhara ¹, Rajesh Rampal ¹

Affiliations
1 IR Camouflage Division, Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur-342011, IN

Abstract

Pyrometry is being used in defence and industry for temperature measurement and emissivity determination of materials. To acquire object's accurate temperature, pyrometer was to be calibrated. The calibration procedure and the results in the wavelength regions 8-14 μm, 3-5 μm and 0.9-2.5 μm for the temperature range 50-400°C, 500-1200 °C and 900-1500 °C respectively are discussed. Blackbody sources were set to different temperatures and the source temperatures were recorded using reference (RTD and pyrometer) as well as the test pyrometers. Also, temperature variation with respect to emissivity error has been estimated. The comparison between these data yielded greater correlation (correlation co-eff: >99%), which certifies that these test pyrometers con be used for non-contact temperature measurement and emissivity determination of materials.

Keywords

Pyrometer, Infrared, Temperature Measurement, Calibration, Standards, Non-Contact Method.

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Ravindra Singh ¹, Aakanksha Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biological Science, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot-488334, Satna (M.P), IN

Abstract

Clerodendrum serratum is a shrub which is not much branched with stems. The ischolar_main of the plant is attributed with various activities like anti-inflammatory, digestive and carminative and many more. It is used to treat the conditions like inflammations, anorexia, cough, asthma, hiccough, tubercular glands, skin diseases etc. Various minerals like Na, Mg, Al, Ca etc. saponins, terpenoids, D-mannitol are the phytoconstituents present in the plant. Research works are carried out to study the pharmacognostic, physicochemical, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiasthmatic and various other activities. Clinical trial was also done in patients of Tamaka shwasa (Bronchial asthma). Thus, this paper highlights the various pharmacological activities of Clerodendrum serratum and its further scope for clinical utility.

Keywords

Cleodendrum serratum, Pharmacology, Asthma, Traditional Medicine.

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Aakanksha Tiwari ¹, Ravindra Singh ¹, R. C. Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Environment, M.G.C.G.V., Chitrakoot, Satna (MP) – 485334, IN

Abstract

In present investigation, the detailed physicochemical, phytochemical and screening for antibacterial activity of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna belonging to the family combretaceae is carried out to lay down the standards which could be useful in future experimental studies. The study includes physicochemical evaluation, preliminary phytochemical screening, HPTLC determination and antibacterial activity. The plant is a large evergreen deciduous tree common in plains and foothills of Himalayas. Stem Bark have major therapeutic clams as antihyperlipidaemic, antihypertensive and in heart diseases in traditional medicine.

Keywords

Terminalia arjuna, Phytochemical, Antibacterial Activity, HPTLC.

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Cheemalapati Venkata Narasimhaji ¹, A. K. Meena ¹, B. Maheshwari ¹, Arjun Singh ², Ravindra Singh ², R. Ilavarasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, A. A. Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai - 600106, IN
2 Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Science, Janakpuri, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi - 110058, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out for evaluation of TLC fingerprint profiles of volatile oils/essential oils of the each ingredient of the polyherbal formulation of Trikatu churna and comparison of the volatile oil of the finished product or formulation as such. Essential oils/volatile oil contents are characteristic to the ingredients or raw botanicals to identify them easily. In the raw botanicals, where ever its presence is possible and its verification through the TLC/HPTLC fingerprint profile is the one of the best ways to identify and evaluate the quality of the finished formulation in the course of development of a standardization protocol as a quality control tool.

Keywords

Volatile Oil, HPTLC, Fingerprint Profile, Poly Herbal Formulation, Standardization and Quality Control.

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V. Kavan Kumar ¹, R. Mahendiran ², P. Subramanian ², S. Karthikeyan ², A. Surendrakumar ², Y. Ravi ³, Sharda Choudhary ³, Ravindra Singh ³, Arvind K. Verma ³

Affiliations
1 College of Technology and Engineering, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313 001, IN
2 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Indian Council for Agricultural Research-National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Ajmer 305 206, IN

Abstract

The present experimental set-up study of tannery fleshings with different inoculum batch sizes, was carried out for an hydraulic retention time of 50 days to check the capability of anaerobic digestion. Biogas production was between 10,102.5 and 14,505 ml/day. The first-order and modified Gompertz models were calibrated using experimental data. For kinetic analysis of biogas production, modified Gompertz models and basic first-order kinetics were employed. In each instance, the kinetic parameters, substrate biogas yield potential, maximal biogas production rate, lag phase time, coefficient of determination and root mean square error were calculated. The model parameters were estimated using the nonlinear regression approach made possible by IBM SPSS software 25.0. Both the models fitted/predicted the experimental data with over 99% accuracy (R² = 0.990–0.999).

Keywords

Anaerobic digestion, biogas first-order kinetics, inoculums, tannery fleshings

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