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Rajiv Rai , Satya Prakash Tripathi

Abstract

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Rajiv Rai

Abstract

The paper describes the role of extension agencies in dissemination of technology about utilization of medicinal and aromatic plants through individual contact, group contact and mass contact approaches of diffusion of technology pertaining to medicinal and aromatic plants and their parts used in herbal medicines in the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in Central India. In Chhattisgarh, highest dissemination of technology is through Mass contact i.e. 40% of the diffusion of technology from State Forest Department to end users. The traditional and folk-healers disseminate the technology through its application to endusers and thus diffusion takes place by help of neighbours and friends visiting them or those who use herbal and aromatic plants for cure of diseases and are in their contact. In Madhya Pradesh, the end-users contact the extension agencies for knowing the technology, obtaining training needs to such agencies. The paper suggest that extension workers and agencies involved in dissemination of technology play a vital role in envisage and analyse the situation in which response of individuals may emerge . Many such plant species are over-exploited on account of their medicinal and aromatic value. In Central India many species suffer loss of genetic diversity and habitat loss hence conservation is essential for future use by coming generation. Hence extension workers and agencies should be ready and alert all the time, to use a series of channels of communication along with alternate approaches of extension techniques to motivate the users and convince them about the technology for their adoption : easily, quickly with maximum number of beneficiaries should utilize the technology on sustainable basis, as well as involve conservation of herbal plants in forest ecosystem.

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Rajiv Rai , Vijendra Nath

Abstract

It has been realized in the modern world that herbal drugs strengthen the body system specifically and selectively without side effects. Traditional herbal medicine system has now gained importance in developed countries. The herbal medicinal practices adopted by traditional healers in Central India for cure of various diseases occuring in tribal pockets are presented in this paper.

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Rajiv Rai , Vijendra Nath

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The traditional knowledge prevailing among Gond tribes of Bastar region regarding use of various plants as anti fertility inducing agents and fertility inducing agents have been studied and described. Objective :The present study is result of documentation of indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants from Gond tribes of Bastar region Chhattisgarh state. Materials and method: The documentation of traditional knowledge from Gond tribes has been conducted during ethnobotanical studies. The information was collected by interviewing local vaidys and traditional herbal-healers prevalent in Bastar region. They have immense knowledge about plants and drugs the same are being utilized by tribals since last several centuries by collecting plants and their parts to prevent birth as oral contraceptive and anti-fertility agents and also as fertility inducing agent. Result and conclusion: The lesser known 22 herbal plants used by Gond tribes of Bastar 18 uses of plants as anti fertility inducing agent and 04 uses of plants as fertility inducing agent plants has been briefly described in the paper alongwith botanical names, vernacular name family and method of preparation of drugs and their dosages. The knowledge of plants used by traditional herbal healers for anti-fertility purposes, isolation of their active principles etc. would be of immense help to replace synthetic drugs.

Keywords

Tribals, Herbal Drugs, Folk-claim, Fertility And Anti-fertility Inducing Agent

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Rajiv Rai ¹

Affiliations
1 Tropical Forest Research Institute (Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education), Jabalpur, IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in pockets of Madhya Pradesh having pre- dominance of ethnic communities comprising of Gond, Baiga, Bediya, Bhil, Bhilala, Bhariya, Korku, Pardhi Kol, Mawasi, Patni (sub- group of Gond tribes) and Padwania (Sub group of Kol tribes) tribes, in districts of Jabalpur, Seoni, Hoshangabad and Chindwara to document plants prevalent in cure of Arthritis. Arthritis is the most common disease causing intolerable pain and inflammation due to abnormal metabolism of uric acid, which are deposited in the cartilage of joints with frequent pains and swelling of joints. The present investigation was carried out in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India during period 2013 September to 2016 February. The study was conducted by interviews and focus group discussions with local indigenous communities. During the visits a number of traditional herbal healers, elderly person of tribal communities, were contacted and information was collected through interview, observations and discussion held during field survey. The local traditional herbal healers (vaids) had specialized knowledge about availability of these plants (trees, shrubs, herbs, and climbers) as well as their seasonal availability, time of collection and collected ischolar_mains, leaves, seeds and fruits in cure of ailments known as arthritis and prepared different herbal formulations which varied from locality to locality and one ethic community to other.The study revealed that plants from 32 genera comprising of 22 plant families with 22 prescriptions of herbal folk medicines were prevalent among different ethnic communities as documented from 18 Indigenous and traditional healers locally known as Vaidraj. These vaidraj used different prescription in different pockets within the tribal community as well as varied from one ethnic community to another based on species in abundance in forest and around forest fringes of their habitat.These healers were collecting plants from 32 genera with 22 plant families from 33 species. They used to collect ischolar_mains, leaves, seeds, fruits, bark and rhizomes and were formulating powder, paste, extract, decoction, juice and oil and were administered on patients suffering from pain in order to cure ailment called as Arthritis. These elderly folk healers as well as members of ethnic communities had vast knowledge about these plants, mode of administration of dose and were using these information since several generations. But during the survey it was revealed that among the younger generation this vital knowledge was declining gradually. The study concludes that herbal folk medicines have been recognised as of great importance in primary health care of ethnic communities across the globe. Plant based traditional knowledge is being used as a tool for search for new sources of drugs in herbal medicines.

Keywords

Herbal, Folk-Medicine, Arthritis, Drugs, Ethnic Community.

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Rajiv Rai ¹

Affiliations
1 Tropical Forest Research Institute, RFRC, Mandla Road, Jabalpur, MP, IN

Abstract

Ethnobotany started off as an appendage to classical taxonomy and systematic biology essentially listing species collected from wild and used by ethnic communities. Many indigenous communities have accumulated lot of empirical knowledge on the basis of their experience while dealing with nature and natural resources. The present study has been conducted on Gond Tribes in Gondwana region in state of Madhya Pradesh. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system. It is defined as a state in which homeostasis of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is improperly regulated by insulin. Diabetes is regarded as a group of disorder associated with high blood sugar levels which leads to several complications as increase in blood pressure, complications in vision through eyes, heart, kidney. The symptoms are observed by various age group with loss in weight, increase in thirst, increase in frequency of urination and in excretion of sweet urine. The information was documented through rapid roving survey method for selection of Gond localities in Gondwana belts for recording floristic diversity and their ethno-medicinal uses. During the visits a rapport was made with a number of elderly person of tribal communities and traditional herbal healers who were contacted to collect the information and interviewed. The discussion revealed local name of species, plant part used, formulation and dosages of herbal drug used by traditional healers and tribal communities. The specimens were collected, processed and identified with help of flora. The results of the study as documented from traditional healers conducted in districts of Hoshangabad and Seoni district revealed that the traditional healers found out of 500 persons suffered from Diabetes who were tested and examined for infestation in tribal pockets of Madhya Pradesh state were administered different herbal plant formulation based on availability of medicinal plants in their habitat. About 29 % of tribals patients were benefitted from diabetes by use by use of leaf extract of Gymnera sylvestris, 18% of tribals patients were benefitted from diabetes by use of leaf juice of Ocimum sanctum, 16% of tribals patients were benefitted from diabetes by use of bark gum resins of Petrocarus marsupium, whereas 15% of tribals patients were benefitted by use fruit / leaf juice of Aegle marmelo, 13% of tribals patients were benefitted from diabetes by use of whole plant of Convolvulus arvensis and 21% of tribals patients were benefitted from diabetes by use leaf juice of Azadirachta indica, whereas 4% of tribals could not be benefitted by any herbal medicine found in their localities. Similarly traditional healers in Gondwana region of Jabalpur district revealed formulations prepared as seed powder of Abrus precatorius Linn., leaf mesh Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa, bark powder of Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb), leaf powder of Andrographic lineate Wall Ex Nees Azadiracta indica A.Juss., leaf powder of Caesalpinia bonduc Linn, ischolar_main powder of Coccina grandis (L.)Voight, tuber extract or decoction Caralluma adscendes (Roxb.) R.Br, leaf powder of Costus specious (Koen) Smith, leaf powder of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd) Hook. F. and Th., and stem bark of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. had been found effective in controlling blood sugar of patients suffering from Diabetes. The study concludes a number of promising plants with different plant parts and formulations are prevalent in cure of diabetes used by tribal communities in Gondwana region to cure patients from diabetes among Gond tribes of Madhya Pradesh

Keywords

Gondwana Region, Gond Tribes, Diabetes, Formulations, Plant Parts.

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