Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Rani, Rachana
- Phytochemistry of Guggul (Commiphora wightii): A Review
Abstract Views :1014 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Banasthali Vidyapith, Bansthali, Rajasthan
2 Government P. G. College, Satna MP
1 Banasthali Vidyapith, Bansthali, Rajasthan
2 Government P. G. College, Satna MP
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 6, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 415-426Abstract
Guggul has been known to mankind since the time of Vedas. It is the oleo-gum-resin exudate from the bark of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari [Family: Burseraceae]. Guggul is very well described in various ayurvedic texts for their various therapeutic properties. C. wightii has been used as an inactive pharmaceutical ingredient, binding agent, anti-obesity agent and cholesterol-reducing agent. Gum guggul is used in incense, lacquers, varnishes, and ointments, as a fixative in perfumes, and in medicine. Therapeutic uses include treatment of nervous diseases, leprosy, muscle spasms, ophthalmia, skin disorders, ulcerative pharyngitis, hypertension, ischaemia, and urinary disorders. The main active constituents of this oleo-gum resin are Z-guggulsterone, E-guggulsterone, Z-guggulsterol and guggulsterol I-V. The main aim of chemical investigations was to isolate and chemically characterize compounds of the oleo- gum resin of C. wightii responsible for the hypocholesterolaemic/ hypolipaemic activity. For the standardization of guggul, tests like physico-chemical values, chromatographic analysis have been reported. Several companies supply gum guggul in bulk through the Internet. There are many companies which are supplement supplier of gum guggulu through the internet. Supplement suppliers include formulation of guggulu as well as guggulu in combination of other medicinal plants. There are several patents have been assigned for guggulu uses in cosmetics. The review discusses chemistry, uses as well as commercial availability of guggul.Keywords
Guggul, Chemistry, Standardization, Therapeutics uses, Commercial availabilityReferences
- Anonymous, Indian herbal pharmacopoeia, revised edition, (Indian Drug Manufacturers Association, Mumbai, 2002.
- Bradshaw, Nguyen CA, Surles J. Undated. Gugulipid. Internet address: http://www.geocities.com/chadrx/gugu.html. Last accessed on November 11, 2012.
- AyuHerbal.com, Undated. Herb of the week: Guggul— Commiphora mukul. Internet address: http://www.ayuherbal. com/herboftheweek.htm. Last accessed on November 11, 2012.
- Pioneer Enterprise. 2000. Commiphora mukul. Internet address: http://www.pioneerherbs.com/commiphora_mukul.htm. Last accessed on June 24, 2012.
- Shastri AD. Susruta Samhita “Ayurveda-Tattava- Santipika” Hindi commentary, chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi. 1997. p. 82.
- Satyavati GV. Guggulipid: A promising hypolipedemic agent from gum guggulu (Commiphora wightii). Econ Med Pl Res. 5; 1991: 47-49.
- Anonymous. Sushruta Samhita. chowkamba Sanskrit Sirija. Varanasi: 1954. p. 62.
- Anonymous. Central Drug Research Institute. Lucknow: Studies. Cited by Sabinsa Corp; 2000.
- Sears Undated. Guggul (Indian bdellium tree) Commiphora mukul. Internet address: http://www.searsphytochem. com/product/guggul.htm. Last accessed on November 7, 2012.
- Sarasvati Sindhu. Undated. Medicinal plant information. Internet address: http://www.hindunet.org/saraswati/Indian Lexicon/mimusops.htm. Last accessed on December 28, 2012.
- Sharma SD, Gupta VK, Upadhyay BN, Tripathi SN, Tripathi YB. A clinical assessment of Commiphora mukul (guggulu) and Inula racemosa (pushkarmoola) for the treatment of coronary heart disease (hridroga). J Nat Integ Med Assoc. 25(12); 1983: 384- 393.
- Lotus Natural Health and Healing Center. 1999. Ayurveda Bulk Herbs. Internet address: http://www.lotusfair.com/. Last accessed on December 3, 2012.
- Atal CK, Gupta OP, Afaq SH. Commiphora mukul source of guggul in Indian systems of medicine. Econ Bot. 29(3); 1975: 209-218.
- Bhatt JR, Nair MNB, Ram HYM. Enhancement of oleo-gum resin production in C. wightii by improved tapping technique. Current Science. 58(7); 1989: 349-357.
- Patil VD, Nayak UR, Dev S. Chemistry of Ayurvedic crude drugs. I. Guggulu (resin from Commiphora mukul). 1. Steroidal constituents. Tetrahedron. 28(2); 1972: 2341-2352.
- Asia Pulse News. Dabur Research Foundation to study rheumatoid arthritis. 2001. p. 716.
- Alam M, Dasan KKS, Natarajan M, Purushothaman KK. Standardization studies on yogaraja guggulu. J Ras. 7(3-4); 1986: 115-120.
- Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha. Undated. Guggulu. Internet address: http://216.121.215.101/ischolar_main_files/ 1search_blank.php. Last accessed on December 11, 2012.
- Kishore P, Dass KVD, Banarjee S. Clinical studies on the treatment of amavata (rheumatoid arthritis) with unthi-guggulu. J Ras. 3(3-4); 1975: 133-146.
- Gershon S. 1998. The National Institute of Ayurvedic Medicine: Guggulu formulations. Internet address: http://www.niam.com/corp-web/guggulu.htm. Last accessed on December 11, 2012.
- Ayurvedica.net. Undated. Ayurvedic guggulus and specialty tablets. Internet address: http://www.ayurvedica.net/store/ admin/catalog.asp?catCode=6. Last accessed on December 11, 2012.
- Dalby A . Food in the ancient world from A to Z. London, New York: Routledge. 2003; pp. 226–227
- Paranjpe P, Patki P, Patwardham B. Ayurvedic treatment of obesity: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol. 1990; 29(1): 1-11.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institute of Health. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Research Triangle park; North Carolina.
- Anonymous. Select Research papers on evidence based drugs in Ayurveda Paper by .GV Satyavati. 2001. pp. 189-224.
- Tripathi Y B, Malhotra O P and Tripathi S N. Thyroid stimulating action of Z- guggulsterone obtained from Commiphorea mukul. Planta Medica. 1984; 78-81.
- Bajaj AG, Dev S, Arnold E, Tagle B, Clardy J. The stereochemistry of guggulsterol-1. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981; 22: 4623-4626.
- Bajaj AG, Dev S. Chemistry of Ayurvedic crude drugs-V. Guggulu (resin from Commiphora mukul)-5. Some new steroidal components and stereochemistry of guggulsterol-I at C-20 and C- 22. Tetrahedron. 1982; 38: 2949-2954.
- Purushothaman KK, Chandrasekharan S. Guggulsterols from Commiphora mukul (Burseraceae). Indian J Chem. 1976; 14B: 802-804.
- Patil VD, Nayak UR, Dev S. Chemistry of Ayurvedic crude drugs - II, guggulu (resin from Commiphora mukul) diterpenoid constituents. Tetrahedron. 1973; 29: 341-345.
- Kakrani HK. Flavonoids from the flowers of Commiphora mukul. Fitoterapia. 1981; 52(5): 221-222.
- Rucher G. Monocylic diterpenes from Indian gum Guggulu (Commiphora mukul). Arch Pharm. 1972; 305(7): 486-493.
- Saxena VK, Sharma RN. Constituents of the essential oil from Commiphora mukul. J Med Aromat Plant Sci. 1998; 20(1): 55- 56.
- Patel BH, Thakare S, Nagar PS. Chemical Composition and characteristics of Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari seed oil. J Am Oil Chemists Society. 2009; 86: 497-498.
- Raghunathan, Mitra R. Pharmacognosy of Indigenous Drugs. Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, New Delhi, Vol. 1. 1982. p.354.
- Anonymous. Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol- 3. Indian Council of Medical Research; 2005. p. 177-188.
- Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Part – I. Vol-I. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare; Govt. of India; 1999. p. 56-57.
- Anonymous. Unani pharmacopoeia of India. Part-I. Vol-I. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of India Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy. 1999.
- Anonymous. Master document on Commiphora mukul. Natural Remidies Pvt Limited. Bangalore: (MDCM11-99): 1999. p. 1- 32.
- Anonymous. Indian Pharmacopoeia. Vol-I. The Controller of Publications; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; New Delhi: 1996.
- Anonymous. European Pharmacopoeia. 3rd ed. Strasbourg; Council of Europe: 1996.
- Anonymous. Quality control methods for medicinal plant materials. World Health Organization; Geneva: 1998.
- ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs./chem._Background/Exsumpdf/gum guggul.pdf assessed on December 21, 2012.
- Musharraf SG, Iqbal N, Gulzar U, Ali A, Choudhary MI, Rahman AU. Effective separation and analysis of E- and Z-guggulsterones in Commiphora mukul resin, guggulipid and their pharmaceutical product by high performance thin-layer chromatographydensitometric method. J of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Anal. 2011; 56: 240–245.
- Agrawal H, Kaul N, Paradkar AR, Mahadik KR. HPTLC method for guggulusterone I. Quantitative determination of E- and Zguggulsterone in herbal extract and pharmaceutical dosage form. J of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Anal. 2004; 36: 33–41.
- Haque I, Kumar M, Mukhopadhyay K. A rapid and simple UPLC-MS–MS based simultaneous determination of the medicinally important E- and Z-Guggulsterone from oleogumresins of naturally occurring Commiphora wightii plants. Chromatographia. 2009; 70: 1613–1619.
- Agricultural Research Service. Undated. Module 11. Ayurvedic. Internet address: http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/syllabus/module 11.htm. Last accessed on December 3, 2012.
- Beckstrom-Sternberg SM, Duke JA. Undated. Dr. Duke’s phytochemical and ethnobotanical databases. Internet address: http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/ibc99/dr-duke/. Last accessed December 11, 2012.
- Vitamins-etc.com. 2001. Encyclopedia: Herbal remedies: Guggul. Internet address: http://www.vitaminsetc.com/ency_ description.asp?encyclopedia=279&tnum=234&hp=isdf435. Last accessed on December 19, 2012.
- Varier VPS. 1994. Indian Medicinal Plants. Internet address: http://www.vedamsbooks.com/no9774.htm. Last accessed on December 6, 2012.
- Turner J. 2001. Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine: Guggul. Internet address: http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/ g2603/003/2603000399/print.jhtml. Last accessed on November 7, 2012.
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. 2003. Guggul (Commiphora mukul). Internet address: http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/1157.cfm?RecordID=610&tab =HC. Last accessed on November 20, 2012.
- Singh BB, Mishra LC, Vinjamury SP, Aquilina N, Singh VJ, Shepart N. The effectiveness of Commiphora mukul for osteoarthritis of the knee: An outcomes study. Altern. Ther. Health Med 2003; 9(3): 74-79.
- Nutrition for a Living Planet. Undated. Guggul-Commiphora mukul. Internet address: http://www.geocities.com/nutriflip/ Naturopathy/Guggul.html. Last accessed on November 11, 2012.
- Neelam Exim Pvt Ltd. Undated. Royal Slim, Weight reducer and fat burner. Internet address: http://www.shital.com/neelam /royal_slim.htm. Last accessed on December 3, 2012.
- Herbal Pharmacist. Undated. Guggul. Internet address: http://www.herbalpharmacist.com/guggul.htm. Last accessed on November 7, 2012.
- Ghatak A, Asthana OP. Recent trends in hyperlipoproteinemias and its pharmacotherapy. Indian J Pharmacol. 1995; 27(1): 14- 29.
- Indian Institute of Science. Undated. Pharmacology and pharmaceutical industry. In Pursuit and Promotion of Science; The Indian Experience. p. 190-200. Internet address: http://www.iisc.ernet.in/insa/ch18.pdf.
- Xeta Pharm Inc. 2000. Gugulon. Internet address: http://www.xetapharm.com/prod_01.html. Last accessed on December 6, 2012.
- Mesrob B, Nesbitt C, Misra R, Pandey RC. High-performance liquid chromatographic method for fingerprinting and quantitative determination of E- and Z-guggulsterones in Commiphora mukul resin and its products. Journal of Chromatography B. 1998; 720(1-2): 189-196.
- Ayurveda Holistic Center. 2000. Ayurveda Holistic Center Bulk Herbs. Internet address: http://hs12.ordervault. net/ayurvedahc/cart/bulk2.htm. Last updated on December 8, 2012.
- Banyan Trading Co. Undated. Traditional Ayurvedic Herbs & Products: Banyan Trading Co. Bulk Herbs & Spices. Internet address: http://banyantrading.com/products/herbs.html. Last accessed on November 14, 2012.
- Metro Exporters. Undated. Enzymes & Herbal Extracts. Internet address: http://www.metropexporters.com/pages/paks/enzymes.htm. Last accessed on November 3, 2012.
- Monterey Bay Spice Company. Undated. Catalog items: gugal gum pieces (C. mukul) and gugal gum powder (C. mukul). Internet address: http://www.herbco.com/Fgherbs.html. Last accessed on December 11, 2012.
- Sigma-Aldrich. 2002. Product data sheet for Z-guggulsterone. Internet address: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/cgibin/ hsrun/Suite7/Suite/Suite.hjx; start=Suite.HsViewHierarchy.run?Detail=Product&ProductNumb er=SIGMA-G5168&VersionSequence=1. Last accessed on December 9, 2012.
- iHerb.com. 2002. Catalog search. Internet addresses: http://search.store.yahoo.com/cgibin/ nsearch?query=guggul&first=10&only=0&categ=all&catalog =iherb. Last accessed on December 9, 2012.
- Vitacost.com. 2002. Catalog search for gug. 2002. Internet address: http://www.vitacost.com/Store/Products/Product Search.cfm. Last accessed on December 11, 2012.
- Anonymous. Health Products Business. Manufacturers. 2000. p.16.
- Wellness Works LLC. 2001. Guggulipid Standardized Extract 250 mg. Internet address: http://www.rxwellnesscenter.com/ product_desc.as;?prodnum=80. Last accessed on November 7, 2012.
- Hess, B.R. 2002. Guggul (Commiphora mukul). Internet address: http://qualitycounts.com/fpguggul.html. Last accessed on December 26, 2012.
- Development and Validation of Precise and Rapid HPTLC Method for Determination of Ferulic Acid in Hemidesmus indicus Roots
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Subash Chandra Verma
1,
Rachana Rani
1,
Sukriti Nigam
1,
Dinesh Kumar Agrawala
1,
Pramila Pant
1,
Madan Mohan Padhi
1,
Ramesh Babu Devalla
1,
Chhoten Lal Jain
2
Affiliations
1 Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, 61-65, Institutional Area, Opp.-D-Block, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, M. M. H. College, Ghaziabad, U.P., IN
1 Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, 61-65, Institutional Area, Opp.-D-Block, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, M. M. H. College, Ghaziabad, U.P., IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 11 (2011), Pagination: 1747-1751Abstract
Quality assurance of herbal products may be ensured by proper quality control of the herbal ingredients. In this regard, a rapid, precise, selective, and accurate high performance thin layer chromatographic method of analysis for the determination of ferulic acid in Hemidesmus indicus ischolar_mains extract was developed and validated. The method employed, TLC aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid; 5:5:0.2 (v/v/v). This method was found to give compact spots for ferulic acid (Rf value of 0.59 ± 0.01). Densitometric scanning of ferulic acid was carried out at λ366 nm in the absorbance/reflection mode. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship (r2) = 0.999 with respect to peak area and in the concentration range of 50-300 ng spot-1 band. The method was validated for linearity, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, accuracy and recovery. The present study signifies the use of TLC, HPTLC fingerprint profiles for determining the identity, purity and strength of the ferulic acid in the H. indicus ischolar_main and also for fixing standards for H. indicus containing Ayurvedic formulation.Keywords
Hemidesmus indicus, HPTLC Method, Development and Validation, Ferulic Acid, Quality Control.- Synthesis of Diaryl Heptanoid Based Ketene Dithioacetals as Novel Antileishmanial Agents
Abstract Views :197 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, IN
1 Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 7 (2011), Pagination: 1188-1193Abstract
Diaryl heptanoid based ketene dithioacetals have been synthesized in good yield by the condensation of aromatic aldehyde or substituted aromatic aldehyde and acetone ketene dithioacetals in the presence of methanolic potassium hydroxide, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, PPTS as a catalyst under room temperature conditions. It is the first suceesful report of utility of potassium hydroxide as a base for the preparation of series of ketene. α- oxo ketene dithioacetals have been extensively used as the anti-leishmanial agent. The remarkable advantages offered by this method are excellent catalyst, mild reaction conditions, simple procedure and good yield of product.
Keywords
Acetone Ketene Dithioacetals, Potassium Hydroxide, Diaryl Heptanoid Based Ketene, α- Oxo Ketene Dithioacetals, Anti-Leishmanial Agent.- A New Flavonoid and other Two Flavonoids Isolated from Different Plant Parts of Selected Cassia Species
Abstract Views :217 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302055, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110 012, IN
1 University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302055, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110 012, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 818-821Abstract
Cassia species have been of keen interest in phytochemical and pharmacological research due to their excellent medicinal values. Different classes of natural products, possessing potent physiological and pharmacological activities have been isolated from Cassia species, and they include anthracene derivatives, flavonoids and polysaccharides. Present study shows that various concentration of flavonoids in different plant parts of selected Cassia species. The higher levels of both kaempferol and qurecetin(F+B) were measured in flowers of Cassia nodosa (quercetin : 1.02 mg/gdw; kaempferol : 0.93 mg/gdw). Similarly higher levels of kaempferol-7-O-glucoside(F+B) was also measured in flowers of C. nodosa (0.42 mg/gdw) while minimum levels of kaempferol and qurecetin were measured in ischolar_main of Cassia renigera (0.07 mg/gdw; 0.06 mg/gdw) respectively . The minimum levels of Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside was not measured in C. renigera.Keywords
Cassia Species, Flavonoids, Kaempferol, Qurecetin, Kaempferol-7-O-Glucoside, Flowers, Leaves.- Studies of Ternary Complexes of Zn (II) Involving Aminocarboxylic Acids and NTA (Nitrilotriacetic Acid) by Paper Electrophoresis
Abstract Views :149 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa (M.P), IN
2 Arihant Publication Pvt. Limited, New Delhi, IN
1 Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa (M.P), IN
2 Arihant Publication Pvt. Limited, New Delhi, IN