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Mani Murali, R.
- Khalkattapatna Port:The Lost Archaeological Heritage of Odisha, East Coast of India
Abstract Views :204 |
PDF Views:104
Authors
Sila Tripati
1,
R. Mani Murali
1,
Jaya Kumar Seelam
1,
Atula Kumar Pradhan
2,
Rudra Prasad Behera
1,
Richa Choudhury
1
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 MGM Museum, Civil Lines, Raipur 492 001, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 MGM Museum, Civil Lines, Raipur 492 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 372-377Abstract
The history of Odisha, lying on the east coast of India, is well documented from the Stone Age onwards. The evidences suggest that the ports of Odisha had contacts with the Arabs, Mediterranean countries and South Asia, as well as Southeast Asian countries. Khalkattapatna, a medieval port located on the banks of River Kushabhadra was discovered by archaeological excavations which suggest that between the 13th and 15th centuries it flourished and had contacts with Arabia and China, in addition to other countries. During recent explorations, a number of terracotta ring wells, stamped pottery, Chinese and celadon ware sherds, bricks and brickbats, and terracotta beads were found on the riverbank and in the waters of River Kushabhadra because of erosion of the north bank of the river. Remote sensing images of this region from 1977 to 2014 were analysed to delineate the river mouth and its course. Google Earth images of 2003 and 2011 were also referred to for an understanding of the migration of the northern bank of River Kushabhadra. This note describes the present state of the Khalkattapatna port, causes of erosion, change of north bank of the river course and its consequences.Full Text
- Sources and Fate of Organic Matter in Suspended and Bottom Sediments of the Mandovi and Zuari Estuaries, Western India
Abstract Views :256 |
PDF Views:84
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 CSIR-NIO Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 CSIR-NIO Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 226-238Abstract
Organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions were measured in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and surface sediment along estuaries of Mandovi and Zuari rivers, two small mountainous river systems in western India during wet and dry seasons, to characterize the sources of organic matter (OM) in these systems. Unlike major rivers, SPM concentrations increase seaward with a general trend of decreasing particulate organic carbon (POC) in these rivers, mostly due to the presence of estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) located downstream of the estuaries. POC and particulate nitrogen (PN) were higher in the Mandovi than in the Zuari estuary. Except during wet season in the Mandovi, POC/PN and δ15N were altered by biogeochemical processes in both the estuaries and are not indicators of source organic matter. PN/POC and δ13Corg indicated the dominance of terrestrial plant-derived OM and terrestrial soil-derived OM respectively, in the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries during wet season. The δ13Corg versus salinity plot indicated increasing proportions of marine OM seaward in both estuaries during dry season. OC and TN in the sediments of both estuaries were much lower than in the overlying suspended matter. The mean δ13Corg in the sediment and SPM were similar in both the seasons in Mandovi and only during wet season in Zuari estuary. Uniform mean values of δ13Corg in the lower estuary and bay of Zuari indicated efficient mixing of sediments during wet season. Sediments with relatively high δ13Corg and low δ15N in the upper estuary of Zuari were related to anthropogenic contamination by sewage effluents during dry season. It is estimated that each river contributed at least ~20% terrestrial organic carbon (TOC) to the coastal system during wet season and received similar quantity of TOC during dry season. Since there are more than 10,000 small rivers originating from monsoon- dominated and/or mountainous regions globally, it must be appreciated that their total TOC contribution to the coastal system must be substantial.Keywords
Carbon And Nitrogen Isotopes, Estuaries, Sediments, Suspended Particles.Full Text
- Effect of Submarine Canyons on Tsunami Heights, Currents and Run-Up Off the Southeast Coast of India
Abstract Views :250 |
PDF Views:99
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Oceanography, Goa 403 004, IN
2 University of Queensland, School of Engineering, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, AU
1 National Institute of Oceanography, Goa 403 004, IN
2 University of Queensland, School of Engineering, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, AU
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 12 (2016), Pagination: 1990-2004Abstract
Tsunami numerical model studies are mostly focused on inundation and run-up onto the coast. Fewer studies have been aimed at investigating the role of submarine canyons on tsunami heights, currents and run-up. The tsunami hydrodynamics in the vicinity of submarine canyons and ridges in the Palar-Cauvery region off the southeast coast of India on 26 December 2004 is considered in this study. Numerical modelling was carried out to study tsunami heights and currents in the vicinity of the submarine canyons as well as the variation of tsunami heights at 10 m water depth. Comparisons between the tsunami wave energy density at 10 m depth and the onshore run-up height observations showed good correlation for select locations, with the run-up heights being about 3% of the wave energy density. However, the local topography in the run-up zone also strongly influences the local run-up, which reduces direct correlations between run-up and nearshore tsunami height.Keywords
Flow Velocity, Numerical Modelling, Run-Up Height, Submarine Canyons, Tsunami.Full Text
- Use of Geospatial Techniques in Maritime Archaeology with Reference to the Tamil Nadu Coast
Abstract Views :291 |
PDF Views:91
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 10 (2017), Pagination: 1891-1898Abstract
Geospatial analysis of shoreline changes at a particular place includes topographic sheets, satellite imageries and field data. The remains of maritime activities along the Indian coast have been traced dating back to the 4th millennium BCE. Subsequently, due to shoreline changes, many past habitations have been submerged in the sea or located far in the hinterland. Archaeological sites play a major role in determining palaeo-shoreline. The present article discusses the use of geospatial techniques in determining ancient coastal habitations along the Tamil Nadu region of the Indian coast.Keywords
Archaeological Sites, Coastal Habitation, Geospatial Analysis, Satellite Imageries, Shoreline Changes.Full Text
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