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S. Saranya ¹, R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women's College, Mannargudi-614001, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present study was desined to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extracts of seeds of Carica papaya against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Oral administration of gentamicin (5mg/100g body weight/day) shows the significantly reduction in serum urea, uric acid, creatinine and protein, level were significantly decreased when compared to the control rats. Ethanolic extracts of seeds of Carica papaya administration (40 mg/kg b. wt/day) brought about the significant changes in biochemical parameters. The present work indicates that the Carica papaya extracts has showed their protective role against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity and its more effective in preventing kidney damage that treating it.

Keywords

Nephrotoxicity, Renal Markers, Gentamicin, Carica papaya.

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N. Vaidegi ¹, R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women's College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi-614016, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Many Nephroprotective herbal preparations have been recommended in Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of neprotic disorders. Protective action of Boerhaavia diffusa extract (BDE) was evaluated in the animal model of Nephrotoxicity induced by lead acetate. Kidney marker enzymes and antioxidant enzymes were changed in lead acetate intoxicated rats. Boerhaavia diffusa extract brought about a moderate changes in the activities of all the above said levels. The present observation suggested that the treatment with Boerhaavia diffusa extract enhance the recovery from lead acetate induced nephrotic damage due to its nephroprotective activity.

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K. Akilandeswari ¹, R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, S.T.E.T. Women's College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi -614001, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The ethyl acetate extract of Rosa centifolia was administered orally to evaluate the immunostimulant activity against azathioprine induced immunosuppression. Evaluation was done by measuring the changes in hematological and enzymatic parameters. Results of all parameters exhibited immunostimulatory activity in Rosa centifolia.

Keywords

Rosa centifolia, Azathioprine, Hematological Changes, AST, ALT, Vitamin C.

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T. G. Ushaa ¹, R. Anuradha ², G. S. Venkatasubramani ³

Affiliations
1 Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Paavai Engineering College, Rasipuram, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The global warming is caused by emission of green house gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. The cement industry is held responsible for some of the carbon dioxide emissions, because the production of one tonne of Portland cement emits one tonne of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. In terms of global warming the geopolymer technology could significantly reduce the carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere caused by cement industries. This research is aimed to give awareness about the green house gas emissions from the cement manufacturing industries and the methods of reducing this by the use of fly ash and GGBFS. Two kinds of systems have been considered in this study, 100% replacement of cement by fly ash and 100% replacement of river sand by manufactured sand. The workability of Self Compacting Geopolymer Concrete (SCGC) for various molarities was investigated and fixed to 12M. The work focused on the concrete mixes with a fixed water-to-geopolymer solid (W/Gs) ratio of 0.33 by mass and a constant total binder content of 450 kg/m³. The workability related fresh properties for molarity of 12M of SCGC were assessed through slump flow, T_50cm slump flow, V-funnel, L-box and U-Box test methods. The mix proportions are arrived according to EFNARC (European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete) guidelines. Based on the results from workability and strength study, the results have been discussed for SCGC.

Keywords

Fly Ash, Self Compacting Geopolymer, Concrete (SCGC), Compressive Strength, Green House Gases.

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V. Sreevidya ¹, R. Anuradha ¹, R. Venkatasubramani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, V.L.B Janakiammal College of Engineering and Technology Kovaipudur, Coimbatore-641 042, T. N., IN

Abstract

The climate change due to global warming, one of the greatest environmental issues, has become a major concern during the last decade. The global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO₂ to the atmosphere by human activities. In recent years, attempts to increase the utilisation of fly ash to partially replace the use of Portland cement in concrete are gathering momentum. Geopolymer concrete is a new material that does not need the presence of Portland cement as a binder. Instead, activating the source materials such as fly ash that are rich in silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al) using high alkaline liquids produces the binder required to manufacture the concrete. Hence, concrete with no cement can be achieved. In this study M20 grade geopolymer concrete was designed and two trial mixes have been compared with the control specimen. This paper presents information on fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, material and the mixture proportions, the manufacturing process, and the influence of various parameters on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete.

Keywords

Fly Ash, Geopolymer Concrete, Superplasticizer, Global Warming.

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S. Sangeetha ¹, R. Anuradha ²

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, S.T.E.T. Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi -614016, Tamilnadu, IN
2 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, S.T.E.T. Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi-614016, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the production of the amylase enzyme from Aspergillus niger under submerged fermentation method. Amylase containing protein content was estimated. Effect of Ph, temperature and substrate concentration of amylase activity were also monitered during amylase production. The enzyme was active at pH 4 and 40°C. A maximum amylase production 15.20 IU/ml in rice bran and 13.05 IU/ml in potato skin waste medium was obtained at 48 hours under optimum conditions.

Keywords

Aspergillus niger, Rice Bran, Potato Skin, P^H, Temperature, Protein.

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R. Mary Charlet ¹, R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi-614016, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present study interested in the role of TNF has been shown to play a role in many forms of experimental liver injury. Cytokines produced by kupffer cells, such as TNF-α , play an important role in inflammation. TNF-alpha is one of the principal mediators of the inflammatory response in mammals, transducing differential signals that regulate cellular activation and proliferation, cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of TNF-α expression of hepatic of cadmium chloride treated rats showed increased expression of TNF-α as compared to control rats. Supplementation with protocatechuic acid to cadmium chloride treated rats showed down regulation of TNF-α expression as compared with cadmium chloride alone treated rats.

Keywords

RT-PCR, TNF-α, Protocatechuic Acid, Cadmium Chloride.

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R. Jayasri ¹, R. Anuradha ²

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi-614016, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi 614016, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present investigation has been carried out to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The in vitro antioxidant activity of leaves of Boerhaavia diffusa was investigated by Fe-EDTA method. In this method plant extract (leaves) possess high antioxidant activity when compared with standard ascorbic acid and the antimicrobial activity was visually recorded by measuring zone of inhibition in millimeters. The zone of inhibition varied by plant extract with different concentration. The largest zone of inhibition (19 mm) was found against E. coli using ethanolic extract of leaves of Boerhaavia diffusa. The result obtained indicates that the ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa showed high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

Keywords

Antioxidant Activity, Antibacterial Activity, Fe-EDTA, Boerhaavia diffusa.

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B. Gomathi ¹, R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, S.T.E.T. Women’s College, Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi-614001, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

A preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out of Vinca rosea a very useful and much exploited medicinal plant in Tamil Nadu. This study revealed that the methanol, petroleum ether, ethanol, and aqueous extract of leaves of Vinca rosea Linn were analyzed through qualitative and quantitative identification of secondary metabolites. The phytochemical constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, Sterols, Phenols, Tannins and glycosides were screened through TLC.

Keywords

Phytochemical Analysis, Vinca rosea, TLC.

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R. Anuradha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of History, Sri Sarada College for Women (Autonomous), Salem, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The Vanniyars are basically considered to be the people belonging to the community of the ruling class of great Indian subcontinent for many centuries. Most Vanniyars in India are in the three adjacent southern states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andra Pradesh, mostly concentrated in the area where these three states intersect. The term Vanniyars (Vanniyans) and Padayatchi has been used interchangeably because of the same historical origin they claim. Among the castes in the Tamil Nadu, Vanniyars or Padayatchis are very popular and they are one of the very earliest caste to be socially well organized. Today they are the most politically mobilized and well-informed caste in Tamil Nadu. Many Vanniyars migrated to South Africa, Malaysia, Singapore, Seychelles, Mauritius and Fiji and the next generation Vanniyars have been using variant titles such as Goundar, Naicker and Padayatchi amongst themselves.

Keywords

Goundar, Palli, Padayachi, Vanniyar, Vellalas.

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