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Anandham, R.
- Gut bacteria mediated insecticide resistance in cotton leafhopper Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Abstract Views :276 |
PDF Views:129
Authors
G. Sivakumar
1,
M. Mohan
1,
K. Subaharan
1,
T. Venkatesan
1,
Sanjay Yelshetti
1,
M. Kannan
2,
R. Anandham
3,
M. S. Yandigeri
1,
Surabhi Kumari
1,
K. Elango
4,
P. Ram Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
2 Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
4 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Erode 638 315, IN
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
2 Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
4 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Erode 638 315, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 8 (2022), Pagination: 958-964Abstract
Cotton leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a major sucking insect pest of cotton in India. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has led to the development of resistance to most of the recommended pesticide groups. Though there are multiple mechanisms and principles of insecticide resistance development in insects, the gut bacterial-mediated degradation of insecticides is relatively less explored. In the present study, the gut bacteria of field-collected, insecticide-resistant population of A. biguttula biguttula were compared with a laboratory-reared susceptible population. Among the five culturable gut bacteria from the imidacloprid-resistant population, only Enterococcus silesiacus CLHG1a exhibited growth in the agar medium amended with 50 and 100 ppm of imidacloprid. The imidacloprid degrading capacity of E. silesiacus CLHG1a was further confirmed by HPLC analysis. E. silesiacus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CLHG2 showed higher esterolytic activity (0.348 and 0.309 mmoles/min/mg respectively). The esterase zymogram on native PAGE revealed a single major band. This study provides clear evidence that the bacterium E. silesiacus isolated from the gut of A. biguttula biguttula has the ability to degrade imidacloprid and may have played a role in the detoxification of pesticides.Keywords
Cotton, detoxification, esterase activity, gut microflora, insecticide resistance, leafhopper.Full Text
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- Infusing Microbial Consortia for Enhancing Seed Germination and Vigour in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)
Abstract Views :343 |
PDF Views:108
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kudumiyanmalai 622 104, IN
1 Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kudumiyanmalai 622 104, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 2052-2058Abstract
Use of plant growth promoting bacteria for seed treatment is in trend nowadays as it is beneficial to the plants and environment. But, carrier-based inoculants have short shelf life and difficult to use for large quantities of seed. Therefore, in the present study we used liquid microbial cultures for seed infusion in pigeonpea and assessed their compatibility with seed treating chemicals. The results showed that the soaking of pigeonpea seeds in liquid cultures like pink pigmented facultative methylotroph (PPFM) @ 1 : 100 dilution for 3 h or Rhizobium or phosphobacteria @ 1 : 50 dilution for 4 h have showed increased germination and vigour. In the microbial infused seeds, Rhizobium (13 × 104 cfu g–1 of seed) and phosphobacteria (20 × 104 cfu g–1 of seed) populations observed, were slightly reduced during three months storage. Nevertheless, the population was drastically reduced in PPFM (11 × 104 to 2 × 104 cfu g–1 of seed). Conversely, PPFM has performed better in seed quality enhancement amongst cultures. Also, consortia of Rhizobium @ 1 : 50 dilution + PPFM @ 1 : 100 dilution (1 : 1) for 3 h increased seed vigour with better microbial populations (14 × 104 and 2 × 104 cfu g–1 of seed). Also, seed infusion with PPFM liquid culture @ 1 : 100 dilution for 3 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml kg–1 + carbendazim treatment @ 2 g kg–1 of seed recorded increased germination and vigour with the PPFM population of 1 × 104 cfu g–1 of seed.Keywords
Pigeonpea, PPFM, Phosphobacteria, Rhizobium, Seed Germination, Vigour.Full Text
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Abstract Views :161 |
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 126, No 1 (2024), Pagination: 67-76Abstract
Rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus, is an invasive phloem-feeder reported in India during July–August 2016. Bacterial communities associated with insects play a major role in their fitness parameters. To resolve this hypothesis, efforts were made to disrupt the facultative secondary symbionts harboured in A. rugioperculatus through disparate antibiotic treatment. The fitness parameters of the antibiotic treated whitefly reared on four different host plants, viz. coconut, banana, sapota and guava were studied. Treatment with antibiotics such as erythromycin E15, ciprofloxacin CIP5, carbenicillin CB100 and cefotaxime CTX30 was done to the whitefly adults by parafilm feeding chamber method, and the fitness parameters of A. rugioperculatus progeny were observed. Antibiotic treatment combinations disrupted the bacterial genera Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Acinetobacter, Lysinibacillus, Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas associated with A. rugioperculatus. Combinations of carbenicillin 100 µg ml–1 + ciprofloxacin 5 µg ml–1 reduced egg hatchability (59.44 ± 0.59%), as well as nymphal survival (31.67 ± 0.40%), increased developmental time (32.69 ± 0.83 days) and reduced fecundity (82.00 ± 0.09 eggs). Antibiotic treatment reduced the fitness parameters, viz. egg hatchability, nymphal survival developmental time and fecundity of A. rugioperculatus reared on coconut followed by banana, sapota and guava. Antibiotic treatment prolonged developmental time of A. rugioperculatus and thus exposing them to parasitoid attack for longer periods. Antibiotic treatment could be used for the effective management of whitefliesKeywords
Antibiotics, fitness parameters, host plants, insect associated bacteria, rugose spiraling whiteflyFull Text