Informatics Publishing Limited

Amol Vasudeva ¹, Manu Sood ¹, Prem Prakash ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objective: This paper aims at analyzing the devastating effect of Sybil attack in Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) that use the Highest Node Degree based Clustering scheme for routing. Method/Analysis: A Sybil attack can disrupt the highest node degree based clustering scheme in MANETs by impersonating the identity of a legitimate node. An attacker will put all its efforts in forcibly electing its prey node as the leader of a cluster. In making its mission successful, an attacker uses a number of ghost identities to interact with the prey node, and hence increasing the connectivity of that prey node. It can achieve this by allowing its multiple Sybil nodes to communicate directly with a legitimate prey node. In other words, all the Sybil nodes contribute to increase the node degree of a particular prey node, so as to make it a cluster head. The Sybil attack can play the same trick on the same prey node in every cluster formation process by following the direction and movement the prey node. After making this prey node as a cluster head the multiple Sybil nodes can start sucking its battery by communicating with the bogus messages. Once the battery of the prey node is drained completely, the Sybil attacker can impersonate its identity to further disrupt the network system. Findings: We have used Java language to simulate the vampire act of Sybil attack in MANETs. All the results obtained from the experiments prove that a Sybil attack succeeded with high probability, in forcibly re-electing the same prey node as a leader of the cluster. Novelty: The vampire act of Sybil attack on the maximum connectivity based clustering is shown for the first time in this paper.

Keywords

Highest Node Degree Clustering, Malicious Device, Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Sybil Attack, Sybil Node.

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Prem Prakash ¹, Amool Ranjan Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, IN

Abstract

Alcoholism is generally regarded as one of the most serious public health problems and a devastating disorder for affected individuals, their families and society. It becomes difficult for the individual to control his alcohol taking behavior, however, it can becured by psycho-therapeutic techniques and improving quality of life. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of group therapy in the enhancement of quality of life in individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome using Group Therapy. Twenty two individuals diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome according to ICD-10 DCR were chosen from the inpatient departments of RINPAS using the purposive sampling technique. After taking informed consent from the individuals, Socio-demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire, and WHO Quality of Life-Bref were administered to establish the baseline. They were randomly assigned to the TAU+GT (experimental) group and TAU (control) group. Group therapy was given in the form of total ten to twelve sessions of 45 to 60 minutes with a frequency of twice a week to the TAU+GT group. After completion of the therapy sessions, post assessment was done and the follow up assessment was done after three months of post assessment. Data was analyzed with the help of Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank test and Chi-square test. Significant better Enhancement was found in the level of Quality of life among individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome in the post intervention phase which was maintained at follow up stage.

Keywords

Group Therapy, Alcohol Dependance, Quality of Life.

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