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Singh, Padam
- Is the Norm of 2400, 2100 Kcal Per Capita Per Day and 2425 Kcal Per Cu Appropriate?
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Authors
Padam Singh
1,
Anil Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi-110 029, IN
1 Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi-110 029, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 39, No 6 (2002), Pagination: 269-276Abstract
In defining poverty line, Planning Commission had utilized the calorie requirement norm of 2400 Kcal per capita per day for rural areas and 2100 Kcal for urban areas. This norm is based on age, sex, occupational structure of the population and the corresponding recommended dietary allowances for each category. The age, sex, occupational structure of the population considered by Planning Commission for this relates to the year 1977-78. National Institute of Nutrition refers the norm of 2425 Kcal per consumption unit per day. With demographic transition and general development the age, sex, activity structure of the population has undergone sea change. Therefore the norms based on past information may or may not be appropriate in the present context. Hence it is appropriate to examine the appropriateness of the norms and the implication of the change in the age, sex, activity structure requirement norm. This paper is an attempt in this direction.
- Nutritional Assessment of Residents of Different Types of Colonies in Delhi
Abstract Views :167 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Institute for Research in Medical Statistics Indian Council of Medical Research Medical Enclave, New Delhi-110 029, IN
1 Institute for Research in Medical Statistics Indian Council of Medical Research Medical Enclave, New Delhi-110 029, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 38, No 7 (2001), Pagination: 223-230Abstract
Strengthening nutrition surveillance is one of the indirect policy instruments of the National Nutrition Policy. While a National Nutrition Surveillance System is required to provide trends in nutrition situation in the country, the immediate need is to have a Njtrition Profile of all states.- Food Intake of People in Bihar
Abstract Views :159 |
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Authors
R. J. Yadav
1,
Padam Singh
1
Affiliations
1 Institute for Research in Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Medical Enclave, New Delhi-110 029, IN
1 Institute for Research in Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Medical Enclave, New Delhi-110 029, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 35, No 3 (1998), Pagination: 63-70Abstract
Institute for Research in Medical Statistics (IRMS), Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi has been commissioned to undertake information concerning diet and nutrition profile in states of Rajasthan, Bihar and Delhi. This paper presents the assessment of the dietary intake and nutritional status of the people of Bihar. Bihar has a population of around 86 millions of which about 90 per cent of the population live in the rural areas. Sex ratio of the population was 911. Schedule caste and schedule tribes were 15 and 18 percent respectively.- Gladiolus-Queen of Bulbous Flowers
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Authors
Affiliations
1 College of Forestry, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
1 College of Forestry, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 12, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 67-69Abstract
Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora L.) is an herbaceous and one of the most cultivated, economically important and common flowering plants worldwide including Pakistan. The genus gladiolus is classified in the family Iridaceae and many species of this genus are found in South Africa, Tropical Africa, Madagascar and Eurasia. Gladiolus Grandiflorus, generally called "Glad" and originated from South Africa, is a prominent bulbous cut flower plant.- Performance Evaluation of a Cell in Belt Type Metering Device for Planting of Gladiolus Corms
Abstract Views :210 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 159-167Abstract
Planting of gladiolus is traditionally performed by manual labour which is very arduous. Till date no planter has been developed for mechanizing this permeation. With this aim, a prototype gladiolus planter was developed with cell in belt types metering unit, the performance of the metering unit was evaluated in -situ condition with three; levels of forward speed (1, 1.5 and 2 km/h) and three levels of nominal corm spacing (15, 20 and 25 cm). The test result indicated that the metering unit was able to deliver the some at sensors spacing but with an overall deviation of 15.08 per cent. The co-efficient of uniformity was found higher for 2km/h speed and 25 cm corm to deviation of 15.8 per cent. The co-efficient of uniformity was of und higher for 2km/h speed and 25 cm corm to corm spacing, the miss index was found less for wider spacing and higher speed of operation. Similarly, the quality feed index was found higher for wider nominal spacing and higher for wider nominal spacing and higher forward speed, however, the multiple index was found zero for all the treatment combinations. The overall performance was found better for 2 km/h forward speed.Keywords
Design Parameter, Gladiolus Planting, Physical Properties, Performance Evaluation, Planting Mechanism.References
- Anonymous (2012). Indian Horticulture Database 2011. Ministry of Agriculture. Government of India. Aristo Printing Press, New Delhi.
- Arora, R.L. and Singh, R. (2002). Prospects and planning for horticulture in Uttaranchal. Prog. Hort., 343 (2): 131- 136.
- Deshraj (2006). Floriculure at a glance. Kalyani Publisher, NEW DEHLI (INDIA).
- AL-Gaddi, K.A. and Marey, S.A. (2011). Effect of forward speed and tuber characteristics on tuber spacing uniformity for a cup-belt potato planter. Middle-East J. Scientific Res., 8 (4) :753-758.
- Kamaraj, P. and Kathirvel, K. (2008). Development and evaluation of tractor operated belt type cotton planter. J. Agric. Engg., 45(1): 69-72
- Nare, Brajesh, Srivastava, Atul, Naik, R.K., Apoorva and Suryawanshi, Vaibhav (2012). Design, development and evaluation of self propelled Garlic clove (Allium sativum L.) planter, paper presented at the 46th Annual convention of Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers, held at G.B.P.U.A & T. Pantnagar Uttarakhand. Febuary 27-29, Souvanier. P-195
- Seaudurad, M.H., Mahdinia, Abas and Akrama, A. (2006). Development and evaluation of a Saffron bulb planter. Iranian J. Agric. Sci., 37(1): 174-167.
- Singh, H., Kushwaha, H.L. and Mishra, D. (2007). Development of seed drill for sowing on furrow slants to increase the productivity and sustainability of arid crops. Biosystems Engg., 98 : 176-184.
- Singh, T.P. and Mane, D.M. (2011). Development and Laboratory performance of an electronically controlled Metering Mechanism for Okra seed. Agric. Mechanization Asia, Africa & Latin America, 42(2): 63-69.
- Effect of Leaf Litter Mulch on Germination and Initial Seedling Growth of Some Traditional Field Crops in Garhwal Himalaya, India
Abstract Views :188 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Forestry and Natural Resource Management, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Forestry, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Tehri, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Tehri, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
1 Department of Forestry and Natural Resource Management, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Forestry, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Tehri, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Tehri, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 11, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 199-204Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of litter mulch on germination and growth of some field crops of Garhwal Himalaya region, India. Leaf litter was collected from the under story of trees crops i.e. Grewia oppositifolia, Ficus roxburghii, Celtis australis and Boehmeria rugulosa and dry in sun for further experiments. The experiments were conducted in pot culture. The results of present study reveal that leaf litter mulch of G. oppositifolia significantly inhibited the germination and of E. coracana and P. mungo summer crops and F. roxburghii was significantly inhibited the germination of H. vulgare winter crops. Leaves litter of G. oppositifolia C. australis reduced the radicle and plumule growth of G. max, respectively. Similarly, biomass of summer field crops of G. max and E. coracana significantly inhibited by the G. oppositifolia leaves litter. While, winter field crop H. vulgare was significantly inhibited by leaves litter of G. oppositifolia.Keywords
Agriculture Crops, Germination, Leaf Litter Mulch, Seedling Growth, Tree Crops.References
- Ahmed, Romel, Hoque Rafiqul, A.T.M. and Hossain, M. K. (2008). Allelopathic effects of leaf litters of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on some forest and agricultural crops. J. Forest. Res., 19 : 19-24.
- Bhat, J.A., Kumar, M. and Singh, B. (2011). Effect of leaf and bark aqueous extract of Anogeissus latifolia on growth performance of Vigna unguiculata. Internat. J. Agric., 2(4): 432-434.
- Blum, U. (1998). Effects of microbial utilization of phenolic acids and their phenolic acid breakdown products on allelopathic interactions. J. Chem. Ecol., 24 : 685-708.
- Cayuela, M., Mondini, C., Sanchez-Monedero. M. and Roig, A. (2008). Chemical properties and hydrolytic enzyme activities for the characterisation of two-phase olive mill wastes composting. Bioresource Technol., 99 : 4255-4262.
- Chi, M. (2011). Allelopathy of different agroforestry systems in the Weibei area of Shaanxi. Master, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China.
- Ellis, R.H. and Roberts, E.H. (1981). The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Sci. & Technol., 9 : 373-409.
- Huang, J.B. (2013). Effects of decomposing leaf litter of Juglans regiaL. on growth of Triticum aestivum L. Master, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China.
- Inderjit, I. (2005). Soil micro-organisms: An important determinant of allelopathic activity. Plant & Soil, 274 : 227-236.
- Kendrick, R.E. and Frankland, B. (1969). Photocontrol of germination in Amaranthus caudatus. Planta, 85: 326-339.
- Kong, C.H., Xu, X.H. and Chen, J.J. (2002). Allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides. IX. Transformation of main allelochemical in the soil. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 22 : 1183-1189.
- Lankau, R. (2010). Soil microbial communities alter allelopathic competition between Alliaria petiolata and a native species. Biol. Invasions, 12 : 2059-2068.
- Loffredo, E., Monaci, L. and Senesi, N. (2005). Humic substances can modulate the allelopathic potential of caffeic, ferulic and salicylic acids for seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). J. Agric. & Food Chem., 53 : 9424-9430.
- Pollock, J.L., Callaway, R.M., Thelen, G.C. and Holben, W.E. (2009). Catechinmetal interactions as a mechanism for conditional allelopathy by the invasive plant Centaurea maculosa. J. Ecol., 97 :1234-1242.
- Putnam, A.R. and Duke, W.B. (1978). Allelopathy in agroecosystems. Annual Review of Ann. Rev. Physiopathol., 16: 431-451.
- Qin, J.H, He, H.Z., Li, H.S., Gu, C., Peng, Y.Y. and Han, M. (2012). Allelopathic effect of returning plant residue to field from sesame, peanut and sesbania. J. Agro-Environ Sci., 31 : 1941-1947.
- Rice, E. L. (1974). Some role of allelopathic compounds in plant communities. Biochem. Systematic &Ecol., 5 : 201-206. Rice, E. L. (1979). Allelopathy-an update. Botanical Rev., 45 : 15-109.
- Schmidt, S.K. (1988). Degradation of juglone by soil bacteria. J. Chem. Ecol., 14 : 1561-1571.
- Sharma, J. R. (1998). Statistical and biometrical techniques in plant breeding. New Delhi: New Age International Publication Pvt. Ltd., pp. 432.
- Singh, B., Uniyal, A.K., Bhatt, B.P. and Prasad, S. (2006). Effects of agroforestry tree spp. on crops. Allelopathy J., 18:355-362.
- Singh, B., Uniyal, A.K. and Todaria, N.P. (2007). Studies on allelopathic influence of Zanthoxylum armatum D.C. on important field crops seeking its sustainable domestication in existing agroforestry systems of Garhwal Himalaya, India. J. Sustain. Agric., 30 : 87-95.
- Singh, B., Dhanai, C.S. and Todaria, N.P. (2008). Effects of rhizosphere soil on germination, growth and biomass of crops of Garhwal Himalaya. Range Mgmt. & Agroforest., 29 : 32-38.
- Singh, B., Uniyal A. K. and Todaria, N.P. (2008). Phytotoxic effects of three Ficus species on field crops. Range Mgmt.& Agroforest., 29(2) : 104-108.
- Singh, B., Jhaldiyal, V. and Kumar, M. (2009). Effects of leaf and bark leachates on some multipurpose trees on germination and growth of field crops. Estonian J. Ecol., 58 (1) : 38-46.
- Singh, B., Bhatt, S. and Uniyal, P. (2010). Allelopathic behaviour of Phyllanthus emblica on germination and growth of field crop. Range Mgmt. & Agroforest., 31(1) : 27-30.
- Suresh, K.K. and Vinaya Rai, R.S. (1987). Studies on the allelopathic effects of some agroforestry tree crops. Internat. Tree Crop J., 4 : 109-115.
- Thakur, M. K. (2014). Studies on allelopathic effects of some agroforestry tree species on soybean. Internat. J. Farm Sci., 4 (2) : 107-113.
- Thapaliyal, S., Bali, R.S., Singh, B. and Todaria, N.P. (2007). Allelopathic effects of tree of economic importance on germination and growth of food crops. J.Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plant, 13 (4) : 11-23.
- Todari, N.P., Singh, Bhupendra and Dhanai, C.S. (2005). Allelopathic effects of tree extract, on germination and seedling growth of field crops. Allelopathy J., 15 : 285-294.
- Todaria, N.P., Singh, B. and Dhanai, C.S. (2010). Effects of multipurpose tree extract on summer crops. Allelopathy J., 26 (2) : 217-234.
- Wang, H., Zhou, S.Q. and Huang, Z.J. (2009). A study on allelopathic effect of Stellera chamaejasme L. on Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb and Lolium perenne L. Acta Agrectir Sinica, 17 : 826-829.
- Zhang, Xiaoxi., Liu, Z., Tian, N., Luc, Nhu Trung, Zhu, Bochao and Bing, Y. (2015). Allelopathic effects of decomposed leaf litter from intercropped trees on rape, Turk J. Agric.& Forest., 39 : 898-908.
- Development and Performance Evaluation of Prototype Single Row Gladiolus Planter
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Authors
Affiliations
1 College of Forestry, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), IN
3 Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), IN
1 College of Forestry, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), IN
3 Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 11, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 227-232Abstract
Gladiolus is also known as “queen of the flowers” is an important cash horticultural crop. Generally it is planted manually which is very tedious, time consuming and labor intensive operation. So far, there is no planter available for planting of gladiolus corms. With a view of mechanize the planting operation of this horticultural crop,atractor one of the popular bulbous ornamental plants. Traditionally the gladiolus corm are planted manually which is very high tedious, time consuming and labour intensive operation. A single row tractor operated prototype planter was developed to improve planting efficiency and reduce drudgery involved in manual planting method and its performance was evaluated in actual field condition. The three levels were selected for corm spacing viz., 15, 20 and 25 cm and three for forward speed viz., 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 km/h were taken as performance parameter for the developed prototype planter. The indicator namely missing index, multiple index, mechanical damage, corm spacing per meter length and properties of gladiolus corms etc. determined during the test.Keywords
Co-Efficient of Uniformity, Corm Spacing, Field Capacity, Gladiolus Planter.References
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- Singh, Padam and Singh, Triveni Prasad (2017). Performance evaluation of a cell in belt type metering device for planting of gladiolus corms. Internat. J. Agric. Engg., 10 (1): 159-167
- Singh, T. P. and Gautam, Vijay (2015). Development and performance evaluation of a gladiolus planter in field for planting corms. Internat. J. Biological, Biomolecular, Agric. Food &Biotechnological Engg.,9 (2) : 1234-1239.
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