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A. Kumar ¹, K. Rasappan ², P. Santhosh ³

Affiliations
1 Karpagam University, Coimbatore - 641021, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore-641014, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode - 638052, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

An alternative method of obtaining gaseous fuel is through the anaerobic fermentation of wet livestock (animal and vegetable) wastes to produce biogas which is a mixture of methane (45-75%) and carbon dioxide. The process occurs in two stages. In the first stage, the complex organic substance contained in the waste is acted upon by a certain kind of bacteria called acid formers and are broken into small chain simple acids. The second stage produces methane and carbon dioxide by another kind of bacteria. The calorific value of this biogas ranges from 16000-25000 kj/m³. It is an excellent fuel for cooking and lighting as well. When blended with diesel, it is a very good alternate fuel for compression ignition engines and can yield diesel savings of 72 to 80%. Thus, by means of suitable apparatus, biogas is produced from animal waste and vegetable waste with high calorific value (more than 16000-25000 kj/m³).

Keywords

Animal Waste, Vegetable Waste, Anaerobic Fermentation, Biogas.

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P. Santhosh ¹, D. Revathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode-638 052, T. N., IN

Abstract

Nowadays, huge amount of domestic and industrial waste is being discharge to the surface or groundwater which poses a great threat to the mankind. Hence, treatment of any kind of wastewater to produce effluent with good quality is necessary. In this regard, choosing an effective treatment system is much important. Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) holds a special place in the wastewater treatment which is a modified version of activated sludge process. An SBR operates in a true batch mode with equalization, aeration and sludge settling, all occurring in the same tank. The removal of organic load in the reactor mainly depends on the duration of reaction phase, so it is essential to determine the optimum duration of reaction phase. In the present study, an attempt was made to optimize the duration of the reaction phase in SBR for the treatment of domestic wastewater and removal efficiency of COD, BOD and SS were studied. To optimize the duration of reaction phase in SBR, a 100-litre capacity laboratory scale model was fabricated and operated for 100 cycles for various reaction phases. The percentage removal efficiency of BOD, COD and SS for various reaction periods was calculated and the graph between reaction percentage removal efficiency of BOD, COD and SS were drawn, the results were utilized to determine the optimum reaction period for effective treatment of domestic wastewater with high removal efficiency using SBR.

Keywords

SBR, Aeration, Sludge, Domestic Wastewater, F/M Ratio.

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P. Santhosh ¹, C. Dhandapani ²

Affiliations
1 Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Karpagam University, Coimbatore-641 021, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Anna University, Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In this study, Cr(VI) is removed from Wastewater using activated carbon derived from water hyacinth as an unconventional adsorbent. The aquatic plants commonly referred as aquatic weeds found in rivers, lakes and water logged areas pose a number of problems in water resource utilization. This work deals with one such weed "water hyacinth" which was selected to prepare activated carbon. The physical and chemical characteristics of the activated carbon prepared were determined. The study determines the parameters that influence adsorption process such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and adsorbent dosage. The suitability of Freundlich and Langmuir models was investigated for each chromium sorbent system. The Lagergren's constants were calculated for different initial concentrations of metal ions.

Keywords

Adsorption, Water Hyacinth, Activated Carbon, Chromium(VI), Wastewater.

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P. Santhosh ¹, A. Sridevi ², C. Dhandapani ³

Affiliations
1 Deptt. of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Karpagam University, Coimbatore-641 021, T. N., IN
2 Department of Chemistry, C. I .T Sandwich Polytechnic College, Coimbatore-641 014, T. N., IN
3 Anna University, Chennai-600 025, T. N., IN

Abstract

Activated carbon has been widely used as an adsorbent. Curcuma longa (Linn.) may be an alternative of activated carbon. In the present investigation the study on removal of dye Acid blue 25 using Curcuma longa waste activated carbon as an adsorbent following the down-flow column adsorption technique with a view to assess the stability of the chosen adsorbent for design purpose. Batch kinetic and isotherm studies were carried out at different conditions like contact time, Acid blue 25 concentration and bed height of the adsorbent. The Bohart-Adams and Thomas models were employed for the mathematical description of adsorption equilibrium, and finally it has been observed that the experimental data fitted more accurately to the Thomas model for both the cases.

Keywords

Acid Blue 25, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Curcuma longa (Linn.).

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P. Santhosh ¹, K. Meenakshi ²

Affiliations
1 School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute ofTechnology (VIT), Near Katpadi Road, Vellore – 632014, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Near Katpadi Road, Vellore – 632014, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: An experimental study has been conducted to find out the effectiveness of Task Based Approach in teaching oral communication skills to polytechnic college students. Based on the prescribed text book task based platform was constructed to teach for the first year students. Methods: An oral performance test attended by an assessment heading was administered. Fifty students were taken for the study and they were divided into two groups. Twenty five students representing the experimental group planned two units exploiting the task based program while twenty five students signifying the control group studied the same units following the Teacher’s instruction. Findings: Data were analyzed and Results exposed that there were statistically substantial differences found between the control and the experimental group. These results supports to utilizes task based learning in teaching English as a second language Improvements: This study is focused only in the field of polytechnic institutions further study should concentrate on the other fields.

Keywords

Oral English Performance, Teaching English, Task Based Language Teaching

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