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Prasad, P.
- Development of Marketing of Medicinal Plants and Other Forest Products - can it be a Path Way for Effective Management and Conservation?
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Indian Forester, Vol 129, No 2 (2003), Pagination: 169-178Abstract
Since times immemorial , plants have served mankind by providing food , shelter , medicine etc. In recent times the demand for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) has increased rapidly in the global market. Domestic sales are growing at a rate of 20% per annum , while the international market for herbal products is estimated to be growing 7% per annum. Due to rapidly increasing demand of MAPs , a number of species are known to have become rare , endangered , threatened and extinct. Every year thousands of tonnes of these plant resources are being exploited from the natural habitat either legally or illegally without fair benefits accruing to the local people. Indian Himalayan region is the storehouse for the MAPs , besides bearing the largest economic resource being tapped , but local communities get only a tiny fraction of the profits. It is historically a secretive trade and little is known about who collects , who trades , who profits and whether there is over-harvesting. It is established that the basic causes of unsustainable harvesting are ignorance , poverty and lack of alternative livelihood support systcms accompanied by encroachments by outsiders. Sustainable harvest with proper buy-back gaurantee will provide considerable off-farm employment opportunities to the local inhabitants. Traditional and local communities are the true resource managers with deciding roles in the conservation , management , use and development of MAPs in the Himalayan region. The conservation and management of MAPs in their natural habitat require active involvement of the local communities at every step. Therefore , effective training and capacity building focused on domestication/cultivation and conservation , improved marketing systems and processing/semi processing , bio-prospecting and value addition locally are the appropriate short and long term solution to assure conservation and management and sustainable livelihoods to the local communities.
- A Note on Soil N Enrichment Under Some Multipurpose N2-fixing Tree Plantations
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Indian Forester, Vol 122, No 11 (1996), Pagination: 1013-1017Abstract
Nitrogen enrichment of the soil at different depths through plantation of some fast growing nitrogen fixing tree (NFT) species in comparison with a Don-NFT species was studied after five years of plantation. All the NIT species enriched the upper stratum of soil (0-5 cm) which ranged from 10 to 50% increase in the N contents varying with species. However. Out of the four NFT species studied onJy A. stipulala brought out an increase in the contents of the lower strata of soil i.e. at 15-20 cm and 30-35 cm in depth. The seven year old stand of O. dalbergioides also brought an increase in N content of the soil at all three depths studied but the 5 year old stand exhibited at top level only.- Ergonomical Evaluation of Manual and Power Operated Weeders in Dry Land Condition
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1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power, College of Agricultural Engineering (A.N.G.R.A.U.), Bapatla, Guntur (A.P.), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power, College of Agricultural Engineering (A.N.G.R.A.U.), Bapatla, Guntur (A.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 8, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 169-174Abstract
Weeding operation is an important among field operations, which affects the yield 30 to 60 per cent due to delay and negligence in operation. Drudgery involved in weeding operation increases stress on the worker causing increase in heart rate and oxygen consumption. The main focus of the study was to evaluate ergonomical and mechanical parameters of power weeder and wheel hoe. The estimation of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) by measuring the energy expenditure rate (EER) is a fairly accurate and acceptable method. The heart rate of workers varied from 109.47 to 130.66 beats/min by using power weeder and 130.33 to 147.52 beats/min by using wheel hoe. The oxygen consumption rate of workers from 0.873 to 1.302 L/min with power weeder and 1.389 to 1.738 L/min with wheel hoe. The actual field capacity of 114 and 208 man-h/ha were observed for power weeder and wheel hoe, respectively. The weeding efficiency of power weeder and wheel hoe were observed to be 8 and 75 per cent, respectively. The maximum value of weeding efficiency (8%) was observed in case of power weeder.Keywords
Oxygen Consumption Rate, Energy Expenditure Rate, Field Capacity, Weeding Efficiency.References
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