Informatics Publishing Limited

K. S. Reddy ¹, M. Kumar ¹, V. Maruthi ², P. Lakshminarayana ¹, Vijayalakshmi ¹, B. Umesha ¹, Y. V. K. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Resource Management, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
2 Division of Crop Sciences, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is predominantly grown as a commercial crop in river basins of lower Krishna, Telangana, South India. A long-term crop water balance analysis for maize in two sowing windows (normal sowing: 20 June; late sowing: 25 July) was done for A1b climate change scenario using the downscaled climate data from the GCM model ECHAM5. The crop water balance parameters such as rainfall, effective rainfall, crop evapotranspiration (ET) and irrigation requirements of maize during the two sowing windows were estimated using the CROPWAT model for the base period (1961-90) and long-term period (2011-50; mid-century). In the normal sowing window of maize, there was significant variation in the decadal crop ET (24% to 28%) and irrigation requirements (-7% to 26%) having increasing trend during 2011-2050 over base period. The amount of average decadal rainfall and effective rainfall decreased during 2011-2050 in the range 6% to -23% and 10% to -7% respectively, over the base period. The decadal average rainfall and effective rainfall showed increasing trends of 147-151% and 96-110% respectively, over base period in late sowing window. Also, the crop ET and irrigation requirements exhibited a decreasing trend. The study indicates a shift in the seasonal rainfall in normal sowing window during June to July and it extends up to October and November after the season, indicating more rainfall in late sowing window of maize and scope for rainwater harvesting in the lower Krishna river basin for sustaining maize production.

Keywords

Climate Change, Crop Evapotranspiration, Effective Rainfall, Irrigation Water Requirement, Maize.

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K. V. V. Satyanarayana ¹, S. Sreenadh ¹, G. Sucharitha ², P. Lakshminarayana ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati – 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Mathematics, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati – 517102, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences , VITUniversity, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: In the present paper the influence of heat transfer, wall slip conditions, and wall properties on the peristaltic transport of an incompressible conducting Bingham fluid in a non-uniform porous channel is studied. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Exact analytical solutions have been obtained for the axial velocity and the temperature by using the assumptions of long wavelength and low-Reynolds number. Findings: The effects of the essential parameters on the velocity and temperature distributions are demonstrated through graphs. It is noticed that the presence of porous medium reduces the velocity and temperature in the peristaltic channel. Further, the size of the trapped bolus gets reduced due to the presence of porous medium/magnetic field whereas opposite behaviour is noticed with the increasing slip at the walls. Application/Improvements: The results reveal that the presence of magnetic field/porous medium has remarkable effect on the peristaltic transport of yield stress fluids (such as blood) which may lead to possible technological applications in designing bio- medical instruments.

Keywords

Conducting Bingham Fluid, Convective Peristaltic Transport, Porous Medium, Trapping Phenomena, Wall Properties.

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