Informatics Publishing Limited

M. R. Vijayababu ¹, P. Kanagaraj ¹, A. Arunkumar ¹, Siva Dhanammal ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

Recent estimates have placed prostate cancer as the most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It is the fourth most common cancer in men worldwide. Androgen dependent prostate cancer can responds to androgen ablative therapy. However, if the cell contains heterogeneous population of both androgen dependent and androgen independent, the androgen ablative therapy can only responds to androgen dependent cell population but not to independent cancer.

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P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, S. Sitta-Djody ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALMPGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

Insulin like growth factors have been implicated in the regulation of prostate epithelial cell proliferation and induction of prostate cancer. Estrogens play an important role in prostate physiology and disease development. E₂ has been reported to regulate the production of IGFs and IGFBPs in prostate cell lines. Hence, it is attempted to study the effects of E₂ on the production of IGFs and IGFBPs in PC-3 cell line. The PC-3 cells (1x10⁵ cells/ well) were treated with different doses of E₂ (1,10 and 10 nM) for 24 hrs and 48 hrs, the conditioned media were collected and assayed for IGF-I and IGFBP-5. Dose and duration dependent effect of E₂ on IGF-I and IGFBP-5 on PC-3 eel lines will be discussed with available literature.

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A. Arunkumar ¹, P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, K. Balsubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

The cytochrome P450s are hemoproteins, which play critical role in the bioactivation and detoxicfication of a majority of xenobiotic substances such as drugs, environmental pollutants and dietary chemicals, and endogenous compounds such as steroids, fatty acids and prostaglandins. Environmental pollutants are main cause of several carcinogenesis, among these, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), are persistant environmental contaminants. Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies imply that garlic can be considered as a dietary anticarcinogenic component.

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P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, B. Ravisankar ¹, J. Anbalagan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer that leads to death in elderly men. The risk of prostate cancer prevalence is often associated with elevated level of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and decreased level of IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3). Lycopene, a carotenoid, reduces the proliferation of cancer cells and, thus, induces apoptosis. Hence, higher intake of lycopene can be associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer. However, the mechanism of action of lycopene in prostate cancer is still unclear. The present study was carried out to find the effects of lycopene on the components of IGF system and apoptosis in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell (PC-3). PC-3 cells were treated with various concentrations of lycopene, 20, 40 and 60 μM, each for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) levels and indication of apoptosis were evaluated. The proliferation of lycopene-treated PC-3 cells decreased significantly. At a concentration of 40 μM lycopene treatment significantly increased the level of IGFBP-3. Lycopene-induced apoptosis was indicated in annexin V and PI binding. Lycopene-induced DNA fragmentation was not detectable after 24 h after the treatment whereas the same was observed after 48 h treatment. There was a significant decrease in the IGF-IR expression after the cells were treated with lycopene and IGF-I. The data obtained suggest that the components of the IGF system may act as a positive regulator for lycopene-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. The results obtained are encouraging and may lead to the development of lycopene as a potential therapy for prostate cancer.

Keywords

Lycopene, IGFBP-3, IGF-I, IGF-IR, Prostate Cancer.

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