Informatics Publishing Limited

M. D. Mehrotra , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

P. C. Pandey , S. P. Chaukiyal , T. C. Pokhriyal

Abstract

Dalbergia sissoo Rhizobium isolates were collected from different sources viz., Asharori, Lachhiwala, Allahabad, Maldevta, Ramnagar, Chichrauli, F.R.I. Dehra Dun and pure culture from Microbiology Laboratory, Chandigarh to study their nitrogen fixation behaviour. Maximum in-situ nitrogenase activity was recorded in Asharori culture and minimum in Chichrauli. Six cultures were inoculated to Dalbergia sissoo seedlings, to study their symbiotic performances under potculture conditions. Maximum nodule number, its fresh and dry weight per plant and plant height was recorded in Asharori inoculated culture. Whereas, maximum nitrogenase (g^-1h¹ and pl^-1h^-1) activity was recorded in Maldevta and Microbiological Laboratory, Chandigarh cultures respectively inoculated to Dalbergia sissoo seedlings. No relationship was observed between in-situ and symbiotically associated Rhizobium strains in nitrogen fixation activity.

Full Text

     

M. D. Mehrotra , P. C. Pandey , K. Chakrabarti , Suresh Sharma , K. Hazra

Abstract

Root-rot of Acacia mangium by Ganoderma lucidum and heart rots by Phellinus pachyphloeus and Trametes palustris have been recorded from plantations raised in West Bengal. The exotic appears to be highly susceptible to Ganoderma ischolar_main-rot which is quite prevalent in Midnapore Forest Division. Heavy mortality in 1985 plantation is viewed with concern by the State Forest Department. Effective measures to keep the disease in check have been outlined. Heart rots caused by Phellinus pachyphloeus and Trametes palustris are the first records of decay in standing trees of A. mangium in India. Though decay, at present, is not a serious problem it is likely to be highly damaging in older stands in view of the progressive nature of decay. Preventive measures for heart rots are recommended.

Full Text

     

P. C. Pandey , A. Singh , D. C. Karnatak , B. K. Bhartari

Abstract

Melampsora larici-populina, an internationally known damaging foliar rust of poplars, has been dealt with in detail with regard to its current status in the country as an immigrant pathogen of concern, taxonomy, damage and control in the nursery. Foliar application of Bayleton (0.08%) has been found to be most effective in controlling the rust infection.

Full Text

     

P. C. Pandey , Ajab Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

A. N. Shukla , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

The paper deals with the current status of stem rust of chir caused by Cronartium himalayense. On the basis of recent surveys conducted in the afforested sites in Tehri and Pauri Garhwal districts, it is concluded that the rust is again gaining epidemic proportions. Strategies to control the rust have been discussed with particular reference to a Cladosporium sp. hyperparasitic on telial columns of C. himalayense formed on its primary host Swertia spp.

Full Text

     

P. C. Pandey

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

R. K. Tivari , S. N. Khan , P. C. Pandey , B. M. Misra

Abstract

Phoma nivea(Syd) Shrivastava and Bhargava forming stem cankers and Myrothecium roridum Toda ex. Fr. Causing leaf spot recorded as new pathogens on Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Disease symmptoms caused by these pathogenes are described.

Full Text

     

Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey , Ajab Singh , Ram Bahadur , S. N. Mukherjee

Abstract

Symptoms of poplar diseases caused by five major foliage pathogens namely Phyllosticta adjuncta. Myrothecium roridum. Sclerotium rolfsii. Sphaceloma populi and Alternaria alternata are described in this paper. Field observations indicate that P. adjuncta, M. roridum and to some extent S. populi remained on poplar plants in nurseries for longest time while attack of S. rolfsii and A. alternata is confined to lower leaves during monsoon peiod only. Nursery bed with old infected leaves significantly increase the incidence of foliage diseases on paplar plants as compared to beds Cree Crom old leaves. Out of 19 clones of Populus deltoides and 3 of P × euramericana tested for their field resistance against foliage diseases, Done Is found resistant. However attack of foliage pathogens on clones 0-121, G-48, 0-153, G-3 and 6351 of P. Deltoides are significantly less than other clones and hence may be classed as moderately resistance clones. P. deltoides clones, IC, 65/27, 0-100, 6244 and 69/65 are found susceptible and the remaining cIones (Clones 6330, PC-75/6421, 3672, 6358, 6408, 3368, 3231, 2670 and 3196 of P. deltoides and clones 45/51, I-214 and Carppaccio of P. × euramericana) are highly suceptible to foliage diseases. Out of five fungicides namely captaf, dithane M-45, capptacol, blitox and bavistin screened in the laboratory by poisoned food technique. Bavistin at 0.05 per cent (a. i.) and dithane M-45 at 0.25 per cent (a.i.) are effective against both P. adjuncta and M. roridum.

Full Text

     

Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

Field investigations conducted in five felling coupes of Rampur and Kotgarh Forest Divisions (Himachal Pradesh) during 1985 and 1986 showed that out of 250 trees assessed, 77.2 per cent were wounded by rolling of billets after felling along hill slopes for their subsequent collection at road side. Fungal decay had established on 49.5 per cent of a total of 367 wounds and was 1 cm and more in depth in 54.6 per cent of infected wounds. Incidence of wounding on trunk and ischolar_main and butt regions was more or less same. Three types of fungi namely sap rot funei (confined to dead sapwood), trunk-rot fungi and ischolar_main and butt-rot fungi were detected on the infected wounds. Polyporus schweinitzii and Fomes geotropus were indentified as trunk-rot fungi and Heterobasidion annosum and Armillarielia mellea as ischolar_main-fot pathogens. Field investigations indicated that out of a total of 367 wounds on 250 assessed trees, 193 wounds would take more than 10 years, out of which 64 will take more than 10 years to get callused over. The risk of their being colonized by trunk and ischolar_main-rot pathogens would thus remain very high.

Full Text

     

Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

The paper deals with investigations on a new ischolar_main-rot disease of poplars caused by Fomes noxius in Tarai Central Forest Division, Uttar Pradesh. Disease symptoms are given. Mortality in 1981 and 1976 plantations of Populus deltoides (G-3, D-61, D-67 and G-48 clones) ranged from 7-12 per cent. The disease was found to have established mainly through basal wounds on trees caused by tractor blades during ploughing in between poplar lines for raising agricultural crops though establishment of disease from infected ischolar_mains of previous crop lying buried in the soil was also observed Incidence of tractor blade injuries ranged from 16-48 per cent on standing crop. The fungus did not spread freely in unsterilized soil in laboratory experiments. Spread of the disease in the plantations was found through contact between diseased and healthy ischolar_mains of adjacent trees Fomes noxius was found to exist in old mixed plantations. The fungus also produced abundant fruit bodies on stumps of poplars left after felling diseased crops. Control of the disease is recommended by avoiding basal injuries during cultivation of agricultural crop, raising new poplar lines inbetween old lines and isolation of diseased patches by semi-circular trenches.

Full Text

     

Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey , B. M. Misra

Abstract

Botryodiplodia theobrpmae Pat. is described as the cause of twig blight and pod blackening of Cacao (Tkeobroma cacaa Linn.) in Pattanaika Research Garden (Puri), Orissa State. The pathogen caused top dying of plants and also sporadic mortality and serioasly affected the fruit production. Pruning affected branches removal and destraction of diseased fruits and a propbylactic protection with a copper based fungicide are suggested to control the disease.

Full Text

     

Sujan Singh , H. S. Sehgal , P. C. Pandey , B. K. Bakshi

Abstract

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.) is a valuable cash crop and a foreign exchange earner. Recently, there was an epidemic outbreak of an anthracnose disease of cashew in plantations in South India. The disease kills the flush, tender twigs and inflorelcence and thus seriously affects the yield of the fruit. The symptoms of the disease consist of dark brown shiny lesions followed by resin exuclation on the affected parts. Causal organism is identified as Collelotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. And is described as it occurs in nature. The control of the disease can be secured by chemicals using Bordeaux mixture or lime sulphur sprays. Spraying in the vulnerable period, quick coverage and spraying all diseased plantations, both private and government, are necessary to make any spray programme successful. The pathogen perennates on dead parts of the plant. Removal of infected parts of the plant and provision of wind breaks will also help in controlling the disease.

Full Text

     

B. K. Bakshi , M. A. Ram Reddy , Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey , S. N. Mukherjee

Abstract

In plantations in the Siwalik Forest Division, U.P. State, raised on site previously occupied by scrub forests, khair seedlings suffered a mortality of 14 per cent, of which 12 per cent could be ascribed due to attack by the ischolar_main parasite, Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.) Karst. The fungus, as endemic species in the natural forests, built up in the residual stumps which served as infection centres of high inoculum potential. The decayed stumps infected khair seedlings by direct ischolar_main contact and killed them. Removal of residual stumps and ischolar_mains from trenches prior to planting in order to remove the source of infection will bring the disease incidence to the minimum.

Full Text

     

B. K. Bakshi , M. A. Ram Reddy , Sujan Singh , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

Two damaging stem diseases on exotics are reported. They are the pink disease due to Corticium salmonicolor resulting in over 50 per cent mortality in 2-5 year plantations of Eucalyptus globulus in North Bengal. The fungus is also responsible for the serious twig blight in Populus casale, Casuarina montana and Podocarpus glacilior at New Forest, Dehra Dun. A serious oozing canker on stems and branches resulting in die back on 3 species of exotic cypress (Cupressus arizonica. C lusitanica and C. sempervirens) and Juniper (Jumperus procera) in New Forest is caused by Monochaetia unicornis, a new record in India. The causal organisms, hosts attacked, damage, factors predisposing plants to attack by the pathogens and control measures are described.

Full Text

     

M. A. Ram Reddy , P. C. Pandey

Abstract

Cercospora pini-densiflorae Hori et Nambu recorded on 5-6 year old radiata pine for the first time in India at Amarkantak, M.P. state, is described. The pathogen causes serious needle blight and mortality of branches and plants. The disease is severe on young plants and may be controlled by spraying with 0.2 per cent copper based fungicide at fortnightly intervals.

Full Text

     

Ajeet Kaur ¹, S. P. Chaukiyal ¹, P. C. Pandey ¹, T. C. Pokhriyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, IN

Abstract

Rhizobia were isolated from active nodules of Albizia lebbek and Dalbergia sissoo from different sources and confirmed against nodulation test. Several other physiological and biochemical tests were also performed. They were then multiplied in Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) broth and inoculated into their respective A. lebbek and D. sissoo seedlings. These were maintained under pot culture conditions in the glass house for few months to study the effect of inoculation treatments on nodulation, nitrogen fixation and biomass production. It was found that A. lebbek seedlings inoculated with rhizobial isolates of Lalpani gave the highest nodular biomass, specific and total nitrogenase activity. In case of D. sissoo, isolate from Asharori resulted in highest nitrogenase activity under pure culture conditions and maximum nodular number, nodular biomass, collar diameter and plant height as compared to other inoculation treatments. No relationship between nitrogenase activities of rhizobial isolates under pure culture and symbiotic conditions was observed. It may be concluded that both the isolates of Lalpani and that of Asharori may be utilized for the forestry programmes of planting A. lebbek and D. sissoo respectively.

Keywords

Albizia lebbek, Dalbergia sissoo, Seedlings, Nitrogenase, Biomass, Nodule, Rhizobium.

Full Text

     

M. D. Behera ¹, S. V. Pasha ¹, P. Tripathi ¹, P. C. Pandey ¹

Affiliations
1 Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, IN

Abstract

Biodiversity is continually transferred by a changing climate. Conditions change across the face of the planet, sometimes slowly, sometimes in larger increments leading to rearrangements of biological associations. Now, a new type of climate change brought about by human activities is being added to this natural variability, threatening to accelerate the loss of biodiversity already underway due to other human stressors. The carbon cycle and the water cycle, arguably the two most important large-scale processes for life on earth, both depend on biodiversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels and can yield feedbacks to climate change. Maintaining and restoring healthy ecosystems plays a key role in adapting to and mitigating climate change through biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and sustainable land management and yields multiple environmental, economic and social benefits.

Full Text