Informatics Publishing Limited

Nitin Hosmelkar ¹, Vijaya U. Patil ²

Affiliations
1 ART Center Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, IN
2 Department of Home Science Govt Home Science College, Hassan, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Moral values are the highest among all natural values. Goodness, purity, truthfulness, humility of man rank higher than genius, brillancy, exuberant vitality, than the beauty of nature or of art, than the stability and power of a state .Sexual assault and abuse is any type of sexual activity that one does not agree to, including:lnappropriate touching, Vaginal, anal, or oral penetration. Sexual intercourse that one say no to. Rape, Attempted rape. Child molestation.The risk of contracting HIV during sexual assault is low but present.Rape increases the risk of HIV transmission compared to consensual sex, as trauma is more likely and because sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) may be more prevalent in victims of sexual assault than in the general population. These infections may increase susceptibility to HIV infection.Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is short-term antiretroviral treatment to reduce the likelihood of HlV infection after potential exposure,either occupationally or through sexual intercourse. Within the health sector, PEP should be provided as part of a comprehensive universal precautions package that reduces staff exposure to infectious hazards at work. To be effective, PEP must begin within 72 hours of exposure, before the virus has time to make too many copies of itsef in human body. PEP consists of 3 antiretroviral (ART/ARV/HAART) medications and should be taken for 28 days.Non-occupational PEP (sometimes called "nPEP"), taken when someone is potentially exposed to HIV outside the workplace (e.g., from sexual assault, or during episodes of unprotected sex or needle-sharmg injection drug use).Sexual assault not only bring trauma and pain to the victim but it also carries series of such psychological disturbances like quarries & cooperation to the treating Doctor & legal personnel like Police, Judicial & social workers by answering to all such questions , answering to which may sometime will be very difficult & painful. Above all this, finding a solution for this can take many years. Chance of becoming pregnant is another problem need to be taken care of and above all, transmission of sexually transmitted infections & HIV should be taken care. Hepatitis B & C infections are still more dangerous than HlV & chances of getting these infections are much more. These are all stressful factors which trigger the worst condition of the victim. Even victim can go into deep depression & psychological disturbances. Therefore they need regular fallow up for pregnancy, STl's/RTl's, Hepatitis B & C and nPEP should be provided free of cost to stop further health problems of HlV So this is the moral responsibility of the Government and society to provide free PEP along with fast justice.

Keywords

Moral Values, Sexual Assault, HIV.

Full Text

     

Vijaya U. Patil ¹, Nitin Hosmelkar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Home Science, Govt Home Science College, Hassan, Karnataka, IN
2 ART Center, Hassan Institute Of Medical Sciences, Hassan, IN

Abstract

Adolescence describes the teenage years between 13 and 19 and can be considered the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood. Nevertheless, many adolescents do die prematurely due to accidents, suicide, violence, pregnancy related complications and other illnesses that are either preventable or treatable. Many more suffer chronic ill-health and disability. For World AIDS Day 2013, WHO launches new HIV recommendations to increase testing, counseling, treatment and care for adolescents group. The failure to support effective and acceptable HIV services for adolescents has resulted in a 50% increase in reported AIDS-related deaths in this group compared with the 30% decline seen in the general population from 2005 to 2012. Comparing the landscape with 10 years ago when HIV infected children faced inevitable death (dying before the age of 1 year), those born with HIV now have access to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) or HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy).Therefore children are now surviving up to adolescence & beyond. These adolescents face lot of problems other than their peers, like scars on the skin with color changes, lypodistrophy & lypoatrophy, papule pruritic leason, being short stature, physically weaker and having delayed puberty. Living & observing the HIV complications & death of their parents and near ones, may lead to psychological complications. Because of the HIV related cognitive impairment naturally these children will have poor academic achievements which may lead to less chance of gaining economic independence. Keeping all this in mind society should be well equipped with multidisciplinary support to provide overall care for adolescents living with HIV, such as government sponsored social supports schemes, financial help, sex education, premarital counseling, providing nutritional food, self-help schemes and equal job opportunities etc.

Keywords

Societal Responsibility, HIV, Adolescents.

Full Text

     

Nitin Hosmelkar ¹, Vijaya U. Patil ²

Affiliations
1 Primary Health Center, Amdalli, Karwar, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Home Science, Government Home Science College, Hassan, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Primary Health Centre (PHCs), sometimes referred to as public health centers, are state-owned rural health care facilities in India. PHC Amdalli is having 1 acre 4 guntas of its own land with a tiles roofed old building. PHC is serving 2900 population with 4 sanction post , those are one Medical Officer, one Pharmacist, one Junior health assistant female and one group D. It is located in Amdalli village near Panchayat office and it is 18 km meter away from Taluka and District headquarters that is Karwar (Uttara kannada). As this PHC comes under State Government administration budget will be allotted from the Government through Zilla Panchayat and District Health and Family welfare offices under different account heads. The present study aims to find out the budget allotted to Primary Health Center in last three financial years that is 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16 and the utilization of the budget for different purposes. The study also aims to compare all three years budget allotment and utilization with reference to the requirements of the PHC to give better service to the community. The Retrospective type of data was collected from the records of the PHC Amdalli, which is maintained by First Division Assistant of District Malaria Office. From the study it can be concluded that the budget allotted to Salary component of Medical Officer, Paramedical staff and Non-medical staff and Honorarium component of ASHA workers is sufficient. But for the ARS (Arogya Raksha Samiti) it is lacking in 2015-16 financial year and the amount is not properly utilized in 2013-14 and 2014-15 financial year. To provide all the curative, preventive, primitive and Family Welfare Services services without any disturbance in case of PHC Amdalli there is a need of Male health worker, Staff nurse, First Division Assistant, LHV, Senior Health Assistant and a Peon so that in any emergency staff can serve better. So the sanction posts should be increased according to the need and amount released for the salary should be increased accordingly. As there is scarcity of staff, the medical officer&pharmacist are deputed to PHC Todur and PHC Hattiken respectively weekly two days. So recruitment of the medical, paramedical and non-medical staff should be done on regular basis. As this is the policy matter were quest Government of Karnataka to take necessary action. ARS grant release is the backbone of the smooth running of any PHC, so it has to be increased year by year even though there is lack of utilization of the grant in any particular financial year. On the other side the ARS committee should also be active in identifying needs of the particular financial year and responsibly take action for the proper utilization of the budget released so that the PHC can serve the community in better way. As ASHA workers are the important bond between PHC and Community, we personally believe that their honorarium amount should be increased or a particular amount should be fixed as salary every month to increase their work capacity or to boost their working capacity.

Keywords

Budget Utilization, Primary Health, ASHA Workers.

Full Text