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Thakur, Nisha
- Rhizome Rot of Ginger-Management through Non-Chemical Approach
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), ID
2 Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), IN
3 Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), IN
1 Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), ID
2 Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), IN
3 Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (H.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 140-145Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) an important spice crop grown in different states of India especially Himachal Pradesh, a hilly area situated in northern Himalayas. Pythium and Fusarium are the main fungus which affect the crop in a drastic manner. Ginger rhizome diseases are both rhizome seed and soil borne and their chemical management leads to notorious effect on environment and ecosystem. Therefore, an attempt to work out for isolation of Pythium and Fusarium sp. (major pathogens causing ginger rot) from Sirmaur and Solan areas of the state and research emphasized on non-chemical management of these fungal diseases. Hot water treatment of ginger rhizomes at different temperatures excluded the maximum rhizome borne inoculum through eradication. Among the biocontrol agents T. harzianum was found more effective for pathogenic fungal inhibition recorded as (50.28%) followed by T. hamatum (44.94%) and Streptomyces sp. (40.11%).Keywords
Ginger, Rhizome Rot, Non-Chemical Management.
References
- Coelho, L., Mitchell, D.J. and Chellemi, D. O. (2000).Thermal inactivation of Phytophthora nicotianae. Phytopathology, 90 : 1089 - 1097.
- Dohroo, N.P. (2001). Etiology and management of storage rot of ginger in Himachal Pradesh. Indian Phytopathol.,54:49-54.
- Dohroo, N.P., Kansal, S. and Ahluwalia, N. (2015). Studies on eco-farmer-friendly practices for management of soft rot of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Indian Phytopathol., 68 : 93-96.
- Ekka, S. and Prasad, S.M. (2009). Occurrence and relative dominance of pathogens in rhizome rot of ginger at Ranchi. Indian Phytopathol., 62 : 505-508.
- Gangawane, L.V. and Shaikh, S.A. (1988). Management of resistance in Pythium aphanidermatum to aluminium ethylphosphite. Curr. Sci., 56: 905-906.
- Huang, H.C. and Hoes, J.A. (1976). Penetration and infection of Sclerotinia sclerotium by Coiniothyrium minitans. Canadian J. Bot., 54 : 406-410.
- Mehrotra, B.S. (1952). Fusarium roseumLink and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. on ginger rhizomes. Indian Phytopathol., 5: 52-53.
- Moreira, S.I., Dutra, D.C., Rodrigues, A.C., de Oliveira, J.R., Dhingra, O.D. and Pereira, O.L. (2013). Fungi and bacteria associated with post-harvest rot of ginger rhizomes in Brazil. Tropi. Plant Pathol., 38 : 218-226.
- Rekha, D., Nagaraju, K. and Shreenivasa, R. (2015). Survey for ginger rhizome rot disease in Malnad districts of Karnataka. Environ. & Ecol., 33:690-692.
- Robin, G., Nath, H.K., Deva and Borah, T.R. (2008). Diversity of pathogens inciting rhizome rot of ginger in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Indian J. Cocoa, Arecanut & Spices, 2 : 39-41.
- Sharma, N.D. and Jain, A.C. (1977). Report submitted to Indian Council of Agricultural Research on Ginger diseases and its control. Report Department of Plant Pathology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Krishi VishvaVidyalaya, Jabalpur, Indian: 30pp.
- Vander, Plaats-Niterink, A.J. (1981). Monograph on the genus Pythium. Stud. Mycol., 21: 1-242.
- Vincent, J.M. (1947). Distortion of fungal hyphae in the presence of certain inhibitors. Nature, 150: 850.
- Evaluation of European Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Genotypes in Mid Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh
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Authors
Nisha Thakur
1,
R. S. Jamwal
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur 176 062, IN
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 38, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 80-84Abstract
Twenty diverse genotypes of European carrot (Daucus carota L.) were evaluated for horticultural traits viz., marketable ischolar_main yield/plot, biological yield/plant, ischolar_main length, ischolar_main diameter, ischolar_main to top ratio, leaf length, number of leaves/plant, days taken to marketable maturity and unmarketable ischolar_main (%) and quality traitsviz., dry matter content, TSS, total sugar contents and carotene content at the experimental farm of Hill Agricultural Research and Extension Centre (HAREC), Bajaura during AugustNovember, 2009. The analysis of variance revealed sufficient variation among the genotypes for all the traits studied. Based on mean performance, genotype C1 was found promising for marketable ischolar_main yield per plot and related horticultural traits like biological ischolar_main yield per plant, ischolar_main length, ischolar_main diameter, leaf length and days taken to marketable maturity. The genotype C3 (96.33 days) took minimum days to marketable maturity. Whereas, for quality traits Tabo2 was assessed superior with respect to dry matter content (12.94%) and total soluble solids (10%), while Nantes and Kuroda2 were promising for total sugar contents (5.26 mg/100g each) and carotene content (7.25 mg and 6.79 mg per 100g) respectively and these genotypes can be exploited in future breeding programmes.Keywords
European Carrot, Mean Performance, Variation, Horticultural Traits, Quality Traits.Full Text
- The Brahmans of Mithila before the PanjiPrabandha
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of History, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of History, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal, IN
Source
Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol 10, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 235-240Abstract
Genealogies are composed in order to validate the present by confirming the past. The panji Prabandha introduced during the fourteenth century was a landmark in the history of the north Bihar. They contain details on the ancestry of an individual in order to establish his relationship with another person, his association with a lineage, or membership in a particular social group. If we presuppose that Brahmins by registering the ancestries and understanding their past to establish a future plan then how was their condition before its promulgation. The Brahmins of Mithila (Cultural zone in the north Bihar) are one of the five Brahmins in north India (Panca-Gaudas). They are presently the most powerful class in north Bihar and the majority of land is under their possessions. It is also said that it is only in Mithila, the Bhudevas(land owners) and the Bhupalas(land protectors) have combined their power. They were the rulers as well as the priestly class. It is also worth mentioning that till the nineteenth century, Sanskrit continued to be the official language in the courts of Maithili rulers in which these rulers were experts. My paper aims to seek the origin of Brahmins in Mithila before the promulgation of genealogies (the Panji Prabandha).Keywords
Panji, Mithila, North Bihar, Migration, Assimilation, Contestations.References
- Chaudhary, Radhakrishna “The Karṇāṭa Kingdom of Mithila.” In The Comprehensive History of Bihar, vol. II, pt.I, edited by Syed HasanAksari and Qeyamuddin Ahmad, 1983, pp. 107–156.
- Sakasena, Baburama, ed. Kirtilata. Kasi: Nagari Pracini Sabha. 1964, P.9
- These are Shrotriya or Soit, Jogya or Jog, Panjeebadha and Jaiwaar Brahmins
- Singh, Rameshwar ‘An Account of the Maithili Marriage’, The Journal of the Bihar and Orissa research Society III (1917), pp.515-542; Upendra Thakur, History of Mithila: Circa 3000 BC-1556 AD; UgraNathJha, Genealogies and Genealogists of Mithila: A Study of the panji and the Panjikars. Varanasi: KishorVidyaNiketan, 1980; Paramesvara Thakur, Mithila TatvaVimarsaPatna: Maithili Akademi, 1977; also my own memories from my village, which lies in the (so-called) core areas in Darbhanga.
- Jha, Paramesvara, MTV.P. 84
- Jha, Hetukar, ‘Permanent Settlement in Bihar’, Social Scientists, Vol. 9 August 1980. Pp. 53
- Ibid
- Singh, Upinder, ‘Kings, Brahmans and Temples in Orissa: An epigraphical study (300-1147 CE)’. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 1990 p.18
- Maithili VijiPurusa ‘primal individual’, Sanskrit Bija‘seed’ + purusa‘man’; refer to the progenitor of a tribe or family’ Monier- Williams, ed. Sanskrit English Dictionary: Etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages. New edition. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1889, p. 732.
- Dineshchandra Sircar, “Copper Plate Grants from Bihar, EpigraphiaIndica XXXV, pt.II (1963): 125-144
- Found at Bangaon in Bhagalpur District of Bihar
- DineshchandraSircar, “Bangaon Plate of Vigrahapal III, Regnal Year 17’ EpigraphiaIndica XXIX, pt.1 (1951): 48-57 “55
- Line: 25: “tirabhuktauHodreya-Vaishyika-Vasukavarttat| “(ibid).
- An inscription found at the ruins of the fort of Simraon cited in RadhakrishnaChoudhary ed. ‘The So-called Simraon Inscription of Nanyadeva,’ in Select Inscriptions of Bihar, Madhipura: Shanti Devi, 1958, 124. He interprets this date as being Saturday in the month of Sravara, in the Naksatra of Svati in the year 1097. Political History of North Bihar, “ 306
- Administrative name of Mithila
- Sircar D.C, Studies in the Society and Administration of Ancient and Medieval India. Vol. 1. Calcutta: Rirma K L Mukhopadhyaya. 1967, p. 140
- Singh, Shyam Narayan, History of Tirhut: from the earliest times to the end of the nineteenth century. Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press. 1922. P. 62
- Ibid
- Singh, History of Tirhut, 63
- Choudhary, Radhakrishna, ‘The Karnata Kingdom of Mithila’ in The Comprehensive History of Bihar, vol. II, pt.I, edited by Syed HasanAksari and Qeyamuddin Ahmad, 107-156. Historical Research Series, vol- XIX, Patna: Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute, 1983. P.116
- Ibid.
- Panchobh copper plate of Samgrama Gupta, “114
- Panchobh copper plate of Samgrama Gupta, lines 6-7
- ‘Bangaon Plate,’ 51
- ‘Bangaon plate’ Lines 49-50, p. 57
- Sircar D.C, Indian Epigraphical Glossary, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi. 1966. P. 179
- Ibid
- Ibid. p. 215
- Seems to be a synonym of the Mudradhikarina described by Sircar, Indian Epigraphical Glossary, 204
- Quoted in Jayaswal and Sastri, Catalogue of Manuscripts of Mithila no. 86 ‘Gangabhaktitarangini’ p. 88
- Kamalaksna Smrtiirtha Grhastha Ratnakara.3
- Ibid., 6
- Kamalakrsna Smrtitirthaed. Vivāda-Ratnakara: A treatise on Hindu Law by Candesvara Thakkura. Bibliotheca Indica Vol. 103 (re-issue).Issues no. 1511 (new series). Calcutta: Aisatic Society of Bengal, 1931. P. 2
- Ibid.p. 1
- Ibid. p.1
- Kane, P V, History of Dharmasastra, Vol. II, Part I, Bhandarkar Orient Research Institute. 1941. Pp.870-872.
- Mishra, Jayakant, History of Maithili Literature, Vol I, (Early and Middle periods) Allahabad: Tirabhukti Publications, 1949. P. 136